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Show THE PAGE TWO Cooperation for Peace Based on Compromise r Viih Food Supply Expected to Be Tighter Than Ever, Women's Land Army Faces Its Greatest Challenge o Urgently Needed for Every Sort By BAUKIIAGE ... d Iftt-GNDU- ND ' DREW PCARSON . City Girls and Women JVewj Analyst and Commentator. Service, Union Trust Building, Washington, D. C. The tumult SAN FRANCISCO. and the shouting dies, the captains and the kings depart, still stands an humble Thine ancient sacrifice so said and a contrite heart. a Kipling in describing the end of our navies melt war ("far-calleaway.") As I review this chapter of current history here at San Francisco where the world security organization is in the making, I am impressed with one thing: what has already been achieved containing merit and the seeds of hope for a peaceful world has been achieved by the sacrifice offered by the humble and contrite hearts. That sounds somewhat idealistic perhaps but let me explain. I think it is not an exaggeration to say that compromise is the keystone of harmony whether it is a question of interpersonal, inter-partinterstate or international relations. And what is compromise but sacrifice? Applied to the United Nations conference on international organization, sacrifice of national aspiration, and compromise which meant yielding actual selfish advantage of the moment in the hope of gaining potential advantage for the general good, have at least given evidence of good will. Good will, implemented by popular endorsement, means practical progress toward peace. unrii i Nations Must Yield Some Sovereignty to Lend Helping Hand Against Threats To World Security. W'NU Thursday, June 7, 1945 NEPHI. UTAH TIMES-NEW- If she will not, it is largely a matignorance as to what that sacrifice involves. And who makes the sacrifice? The people themselves or some abstraction known as the "government?" At this point let me quote that other student of international relations, who, it is true, does not raise his sight to the point of world federation but who has urged it on a more limited basis. I refer to Clarence Streit who has long campaigned for a federal union of the north Atlantic democracies. He says that the only loss of sovereignty involved is the subordination of the ruling bodies to the ruling body of the union, that a citizen still has the right of franchise and all the rest of his rights. Does the citizen of Richmond, Va., who, after the secession of the southern states owed his allegiance to the Confederacy, enjoy any less rights today when the seat of his federal government is the capital of all the United States. Is the Scotsman in Edinburgh deprived of any privileges which he held when he was a subject of chieftain, laird or Scottisn king? On the contrary. U. S. Learns to ter of of Farm Job W Sr Washingion, D. C. GERMAN PRISON LABOR Officials are keeping very murr about it, but the entire question oi using German prison labor to re build Russia and France has beer thrown into a new controversy by a A Notes of a New Yorker: t Dept. of Accurate Reporting: certain newsmag reports Molotov s acted as host at a dinner for and Eden during which Molly gave some of the details concerning the pinch of the 16 Poles. . . . The sister (a secret opinion rendered by Supreme on the same date reCourt Justice Robert Jackson, who picture mag) dinner was given by ports that the has taken over U. S. prosecution ol Stettinius in his (Stetty's) apart-menwar criminals. Cum, cum, fellers, who'i Justice Jackson wrote his opinion right? to U. S. Reparations Chief Ed Pauley, stating that in his opinion James Gordon Bennett, who compulsory German labor should founded the N. Y. Herald, made not be used to rebuild France and It the most popular newspaper Russia unless they have been conof Its time. . . ."I make it a victed of war crimes. rule," he declared, "never to "It is not my business what is to be more than a day ahead of be done with reparations," Jackson the people and never an hour wrote, "but this would largely debehind!" stroy the moral position of America In this war. . . . Compulsory Franco was discussing the breaklabor," he continued, "should be ing off of relations with Germany "I required only for convicted war with one of his henchmen. criminals." believe," stated the latter, "that we hould take further steps to show Jackson went on to point out that German labor "drifting out of Rus- that we are now in the United Nasian concentration camps in the fu tions camp." "What do you suggest?" queried ture would tell tales of horror" of Spain. which, even if exaggerated, would the ace "I think," continued the hench"arouse sharp condemnation in the United States." He urged, there- man, "we should set our flags at fore, that German labor not be half mast for Roosevelt and pay used for reparations until they had tribute to him in the press and on been convicted of war crimes. He the radio. We should also play AlIndicated that members of the Ges- lied music on the air, including even tapo and the SS Elite guard undoubt- some of the Russian composers." "That's going a little too far," edly were war criminals as a class, but the every member of the Nazi warned Franco. "If we get too party might not be classified as a democratic we may not be Invited to the San Francisco conference." war criminal. Following Justice Jackson's Believe It or don't, so wot? . . bombshell, a hurried meeting Fat, paunchy Hermann Goering, was called in Secretary Morgen-thau- 's nazishtunk No. 2, who was sooo office, attended by Ed brave and fearless when his of Assistant Pauley, Secretary was blasting Coventry to State Will Clayton, the army, his true colors when showed bits, internavy, FEA, and other caught. To the American soldiers ested government agencies. Secassigned to watch him, he tremuretary Morgenthau vigorously lously pleaded: "Guard me well." protested this new development. "Oh, we wilL" responded one of It was pointed out by some that the G.I. s. "I come from a farm, the nse of German prison labor and a long time ago my father had been agreed to at Yalta by taught me how to take care of pigs." President Roosevelt himself and, therefore, could not be changed. A group of senators were discuss"If we have to wait for the con- ing the work of the security conferwar all these viction of criminals ence. Said an politico: before we can get German labor," 'Tm disappointed in the work of suggested Reparations Chief Pauley, our delegation. They should have "we may have to wait a year. Meanseen to it that the Russians were put while, there may not be enough in their place." Germans to repair the damage in "I agree," thundered a second France and Russia." "and If the Reds Pauley also made the point that don't know their place, we've got he had been charged by the Presito show 'em by force of arms, If dent with the handling of repara necessaryl" tions and, therefore, would have to "Wait a moment," interrupted make the final decision himself a liberal senator. "AU you felin after his arrival Europe. After lows talk about is hemming the further discussion, however, Pauley Soviets in and fighting them. I agreed to accept Justice Jackson's thought it was the Axis we were opinion in principle, namely, that fighting." only convicted war criminals could "Fight the Axis, fight the Axis!" be used as prisoner labor. This snapped the gent. leaves the whole question pretty "That's all you ever think of!" in the much up air. When Norwegian police threw However, it has been hinted that Justice Jackson will endeavor to inQuisling into the Jug, dict groups of Germans as a class. he raised vigorous objections. The In other words, he may try the Gescops relieved him of a satchel contapo as a group, not individually, taining chocolate and cognac. "Give me back my satchel!" and decide that every member of the Gestapo automatically is a war Quisling ranted. "I have done nothcriminal. This probably will be done ing but good for Norway, and a with Hitler's SS Elite corps. Wheth-- ' statesmen like me should not be er a blanket Indictment will also be placed In an ordinary cell!" "Don't worry," soothed one of his lodged against the Nazi party remains to be seen. guards. "You will soon be placed in an underground vault" 7 Women have done an outstanding job in this war, and nowhere have their efforts been more important than in helping with the farm harvest. Until complete victory is won, there must be .no letup on the home front. In this critical year of war, the high rate of food production must be continued. At the same time, the farm labor shortage will be even more serious in Stet-tlniu- news-weekly- 's tl many areas. The answer is for town and city people especially women and youth to step into the breach, as they have done for the past three years. Farm people themselves are working harder and longer hours than ever before. But they need extra helpers, especially during the harvest season. That group of women doing emergency wartime farm work comprise the Women's Land army. Their patriotic efforts have saved farm crops in thousands of cases. 1 The Women's Land army is a movement rather than an organizaProbably the greatest need for seasonal help is in harvesting perishtion. It Is mainly a seasonal army. In each state, it is under the direc able vegetables and fruits. It is particularly important that all of the tion of the state extension service. tomato crop be brought toC.market, as this vegetable is a cheap and abundant source of vitamin with headquarters at the state agricultural college. Most states have of recreation in camp, "We're a Women's Land army supervisor ing, milking, feeding livestock. They ning about every farm task, all friends, and that's what we're who works closely with the county handle ofJust which they have never done fighting for, isn't it?" many agricultural agents and their farm Even more interesting than pick putting in long hours at the labor assistants. In most localities. before, of housework and farm ing cherries was the "contact with double Give and Take the county agent administers the work. Job different people," wrote another The American representative who emergency farm labor program . Typical is one midwestern farm camp worker on returning home. sits in the assembly or is chosen to recruiting and placing workers on the council of the proposed United farms. Last year, these local place- woman who, during corn planting8 Her fellow campers included an Italian teacher, a woman who had fled Nations organization is no less the ment offices . . . 12,000 over the time, drove a tractor from 4 to a. m. each day, and then did the from Germany, college students, a of John Q. Citizen of Bing-villservant . . . about 350,000 placed country Peace More starting her librarian, a magazine writer, a than the man he elects. women in farm work, and about as farm chores beforewhich she does governess, and a mother of 12 chilhousework, regular War Than Natural In proportion to their size, there many other women were recruited without benefit of electricity and dren. trencn-ant You may have read a very are no less rivalries between San directly by farmers or found their running water. In some cases, women live right article by Emery Reves, au- Francisco and Los Angeles than Town Women Prove Capable. MHWW8HMW on the farm for the summer. They U, international on two nations writer and are between there any " thority Even though town women were at do such work as taking care of the A affairs in the current Mercury of the earth. But cities and states i first accepted reluctantly by many garden, planting, hoeing and hararguthe no more confutes which would of our union federal magazine, farmers, they have now proved them vesting onions, carrots or other vegement that since war is a part of think of attempting armed warfare selves in farm work. Their help is tables, or helping do a hired man's be prehuman nature, it can never with each other than any decent valuable at harvest time, job. Typical of such workers are a especially his citizen would think of vented. Mr. Reves goes about for crops like apples, peaches and serviceman's wife who has full care task of disproving this convent rr' shooting up his neighbor to get his other fruit; for beans, tomatoes, po of the poultry flock on a large genmide of the pessimist in a highly radio, his wife or his parking privi tatoes, peanuts and cotton. Teach eral farm, and a woman who has ac We We civilized. are scientific manner. that leges. ers and college girls often spend two charge of the milk room on a dairy once ot cities "did the of cent he sacrifice asks, sovereignty "Why," or three summer months in farm farm. and other to each home our war state sovereignty under wage against Business women work part work. Some women serve as "hired why do they no longer fight eacn the United States. of their vacation time, evenings and hands." They milk, take care of other with weapons today? When we advance to the point tomatoes week ends harvesting and the flock, feed poultry "Why, at certain times did great where we can sacrifice the degree beans and carrots, detasseling corn work in the field. Oflivestock, the approxilandowner barons war with each of sovereignty of our nation necesand and peaches apples, picking mately 9,000 women placed for year-roun- d other and why have they ceased sary in order to guarantee world grapes. work in 1944, many of them the practice? order we will be civilized enough Homemakers also answer the lo were wives of men employed on the "Why did the various churches to be sure that our sons won't run n call for cal harvesting, same farm. plunge their adherents into armed the chance of killing and being in an Oregon county For example, How to Get a Farm Job. warfare and why today, are they killed as part of a spectacle of last year, 500 homemakers helped able to worship side by side with- mass murder which even the horA woman who can work for the Each save bean the they crop. day out shooting each other? Why did rors of this war will pale. entire summer or for several weeks, boarded the "Housewives Special" Scotland and England, the author should consult her county extension 8:30 field at San for Francisco conference the The buses leaving continues, and other parts of what can present a blue a. m. and returning at 3 p. m. This agent or local farm employment of print of the maare now single nations, once fight usu- chinery for peace. Only civilization gave them time to do the family fice immediately. These offices and now live together peacefully? marto and itself can implement it. breakfast before leaving Reves points out that these and ket for supper in the late afternoon. It is easier to understand things other groups, presumably because it Her husband is fighting on some In Washington, as in other states, was the nature of the beast to once we can see and touch than ideas. Pacific island, and she is doing her women Joined groups of "twilight consider it natural to decide their bit on the home front by working . . . working evenings in pickers" with Her powon farm. a Connecticut dairy differences tooth, claw, Brooks Harding was born in the crop. And in a Caliberry big and der and shot, or bow and arrow Nebraska and grew up with the duties include milking, cleaning the fornia county, women working 7 to yet that kind of legal murder no normal nationalism of a boy who barn, and caring for the calves, 11 p. m. as peach cutters to help longer exists and would horrify mod- had never seen, a foreign flag flying save 20,000 tons of peaches by dryown Jobs. These women received preern man. He in the last served anywhere. ing were known as the "Victory amount for the farm to these answer wages his is in vailing the artillery, later became This war Shift." these done. work Besides of and type interested in aviation. He had a provocative questions: Women's underlying motive for women worked a farm units great many "Wars between these social small aircraft factory, and then a farm work is, for the most doing own sovfarms. on their and neighboring cease to exist the moment small leather factory in New York a deep desire to part, patriotism Who Are WLA Workers? ereign power is transferred to a state. to have a part in feeding help All women who help In the war our soldiers and our allies and an larger or higher unit." He watched the League of Nations That is worth pondering. time ana me ran. unuea saw production of food, feed, or fiber intense conviction that no food tie rise Nations start. He became convinced are a part of the Women's Land should go to waste. As a Yield Sovereignty army. Women from farms, cities woman said, after picking 3 tons of that unless there was some outTo Higher Community ward symbol, some outward appeal and towns . . . farm women who beans, "I'm glad to do it . . . you I The sovereign power of the cities which would stir the imagination work longer hours than ever before see, I have a son in the air corps." yielded to the power of the nation; and the emotions of the people, the . . . women from offices, factories Of women who do farm work, by England and Scotland yielded their 5econd attempt at world harmony and stores . . . women whose hus far the greatest number live at home m,Xf i1 bands are overseas . . . housewives, and work by the day, or part-timwould fail as did the first. separate sovereignty to the sover i oc This eignty of the British crown. left all he had college girls and teachers. . . They on farms nearby. And so he curred as a part of the due process with the soleliterally are women of all ages who spend of making j purpose Spend Vacations on Farms. of civilization which began when his contribution in the form of a all summer, all year, or only a few Some women, especially college end or a a week vacation the individual cave man agreed United Nations' flag hours, girls, teachers and business women, to abide by the rules of the tribe, A student from William and Mary " " " been officially not has That . u spend part of their vacation time in flag of will to the submitted the tribe on surcollege spends part of her summer In Washington working labor flew camps, but it supply adopted until on so the the community and iiorin, gouin, eati ana wesi, worn- - rounding farms. For one week, two vacation nicking, grading and pack- and it (lew in San Francisco process produced the United States. do all kinds of farm work. Singly weeks, or the entire summer, they Ing peaches in a Virginia orchard. en field four with vertical white a plain Here Is a vast area occupying In groups, they pick beans, toand viche cultivate and pick vegetables or bars red says, symbolizing, huge sector of a great continent, matoes and other vegetables. They harvest fruit. Many Smith college ally are located in the county courtand freedom. equality, unity which, after a bloody war where tory, detassel corn, shock grain, pick po- students, as a part of their college's house or federal (post office) buildby the United Nastate rights versus federal author- It Is sponsored If she cannot find this local Honor tions Flag committee sup- tatoes, pick and pack berries, ap- summer plan of "work or study" ing. she may write to the Women's office, ity was the issue, became a unified other fruits lived as one which grapes, peaches, ples, formed groups whole. Hates, rivalries, competition, ported by such contributions which Land in work army supervisor at her state nuts. and cotton, area They where household in the farming could make or which he could religious and economic difference he tobacco and flax; drive trac- they worked. agricultural college, or to Women's coun-- I grain, In the about solicit travels nacontinue (as a part of human Land army, United States Departtors, farm trucks and combines; Camps for women workers are opture) but internecine strife is un ' try.t hnhi.c tnr lt nfTmint cows and care for poultry erated in many states. Last year. ment of Agriculture, Washington 25, milk the tnnrfinn D. C. thinkable. flocks. In brief, as and where need- - New York state' WLA camps in He feels that this banner may Where's the rub. then? Just, "sovA woman who can work for only women and New help cultivate, York 3.000 plant, ed, about cluded City ereignty" which is a fighting word, some day become the rallying inharvest the food and fiber crops and women and girls on their vacation short periods of time should stand willof all for peace-lovinthe is States United The signia people still today. care for the livestock all so neces-- time. Life in camp is not all work. by for the call in her community. It nations, who without slacken ing, anxious to participate In the will come through her local newi sary in the war effort. Women And it Interesting and broad to counown their the their loyalty ing United Nations organization of hun the papers and over the radio. She will and with wives Farm companionship daughters will ening, and respect support the people have given that mandate to try then be told when and where to different a of do them of women from thousands many places, dreds both parties. But will she yield her forces for international good will eve an after with pply. worker As one said, Job, hay helping magnificent which this emblem represents. sovereignty? If so. how much? e , 1 g peak-seaso- ... bull-throw- luft-wa- ff is anti-Sovi- Sowy-bogeyma- hate-Russ- Nazi-pupp- ia et . TRAINING ... r e. g HAKIiS . . . fry There were several noticeable shortages at the United Nations conference: blenographers who could talk Russian, taxis, butter no end), news, time to get it, a good excuse to stay longer. There were some surplusages: invitations one couldn't accept, comments on the weather, mutton chops, trolley cars on Market street, propagandists parading as newsfolk, talk snd work. ttnukhage At one of the press conferencei Secretary Stettinius who prides himself on getting names right ad dressed Mr. Kaltenborn as Bauk hage. I got publicity Stettinius anc Kaltenborn got the red faces. metal leg costs $2TK which isn't much when you compar it with what a person would giv not to have to wear one. A 1 Slnal, S. D.t nhock oats n farm town during the harvest season. near "ST" r 9 i I j FILMS DESTROYED. The army doesn t want It known, but it has a new way of handling one type of surplus property. In the case of training and orientation film, it burns old prints. According to a survey made by movie ex- perts, old films last summer were being burned at the rate of 225 tons weekly at Astoria. N. Y. other Meanwhile government agencies, schools and universities are anxious to buy these outmoded orlnts from the army, in fact, the V. S. office of transportation had to spend $60,000 of the taxpayers' money to make 10 new reels of Its own when ine army rciusea to sen It the army's excellent series of 20 reels for the training of auto mechanics. Sen. Francis Myers of Pennsylvania, Democrat, has Just written MaJ. Gen. Harry Ingles, chief of the signal corps, demanding an explanation. The making of training films and orientation films by the army has been a major operation. Thousands of subjects have been turned out at a tremendous outlay, snd production schedules have been more crowded than those of any Holly- wood studio. The films have proved remarkable training aids, with officers claim- mg that they cut at least in half the length of time needed to teach men such things as first aid, etc. CAPITOL CHAFF Rep. Jennings Randolph has introduced a bill authorizing the government to repay employees for the use of their private airplanes on government Just as Is now done with business automobiles and motorcycles. ft Aviation enthusiast 4a. ft Wyoming's capable Senator Joe O'Mahoney has quietly started a study of the disposal of surplus war plants. He wants to Insure miximum use of our national productive capacity after the war snd the stimulation of small business A wealthy couple' had takes-Ia little boy of Swiss par- n entage at the start of the war. His family sent the youngster n here because of fear ot bombings, and be was cared for by his The other day the youngster was playing with the offspring of the family cook. The cook's kid asked the other: "Was your dad a soldier, and did he have to fight In the war?" "No," answered the little feller. "My father didn't fight because we are Swiss, and we are foster-parent- s. neutral." "Yes, I know," replied the first. "My mother's family are Swedish, and they are neutral, too, but which side was your country neutral for?" By Way of Report: Recent photos showing a soldier on bis knees with bis eyes blindfolded and a Jap samr urai ready to behead him are 2 years old. . . . The Allied soldier was not an American. He was Australian. And the King of awarded the Victoria England Cross posthumously to his family. sword-Juggle- The ether day the WIU Hays office announced that it could not natfnnnl -rlnn. ..11 nf rtrmlt v. . m " iuji . m . a. A r m jengin documentary mm recording many of the Nazi atrocities. . Ask any wounded marine marking time in hospital if he wouldn't like to hear that congress took oj the stain of compulsory apology from the record of the late Major- e General Smedley Butler, winner of the congressional medal. but loser In his denunciation of Mussolini for killing a child with f$ speeding auto and failing to halt for first aid. The state department In 1933 made Butler take a spark-biand apologize for saying wh" two-tim- g vw quently. wju J uavw aaju II T J jt |