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Show THE PAGE TWO -- U. S. First Released by Western Newspaper Union. (F DITOK'S NOTE: When opinions are expressed In these columns, they are those of Western Newspaper Union's news anali sta ard not necessarily of this newspaper.) By BAUKIIAGE These facts have been forgotten by most people who probably think that the Rusian experiments were the first. The Germans picked up and Improved the Russians' technique, working out their paratroop plans as a part of the developments of their then peerless Luftwaffe, whose threatening shadow moulded European diplomacy before the outbreak of the war. The German paratrooper demonstrated their real value in the blitz against the low countries. It was not until April of 1940 that the United States troop carrier command, which carries troops in transports and gliders, was organized. Now it is larger than the whole of our air force of three years ago. The airborne force, created a few weeks earlier, is now numbered in entire divisions, as we know from German reports, and includes tens of thousands of fighting men and technical personnel. The British paratroopers were used effectively as far back as 1942 and they made the first contact with German troops in North Africa in November of the same year. The U. S. airborne forces are made up of both paratroop and glider forces. They are separate from the troop carrier command which transports them, just as the foot soldier is distinct from the seaman who carries him from shore to shore. The paratroopers (a part of the airborne forces) alone serve frequently as aerial commandos, seizing enemy airports of suitable terrain where the troop transports or glider planes cannot yet land. must capture or prepare air strips for this purpose. Allied airborne troops were used effectively at the landing in Sicily, where General Montgomery said they shortened the campaign by at least a week. They also proved of great value in New Guinea. The full extent of their performance in the invasion of Europe has yet to be revealed but we have General Eisenhower's own word as to their value and his praise has been unstinted. The chief function of the soldier of the air until recently has been the destruction of enemy communications and installations such as ammunition and supply dumps, dynamiting bridges and wrecking railway junctions behind the lines. Now they are prepared to engage the enemy in large-scal- e operations which reached major proportions for the first time in France. Preceding the Normandy landings, one of their jobs was to prevent destruction of certain points like bridges and other installations which the troops advancing from the beachhead wanted to make use of later. In this case, they had to take the bridges from the enemy defenders and then hold them against counter attacks of the local reserves, armed with tanks and field artillery, until their own advancing ground troops or air reinforcements arrived. Such action is possible because jeeps, one-totrailers, howitzers, heavy and light calibre machine guns, mortars, mines, and other equipment including food, medical supplies, water, and of course can be transported by the troop carrier command. The troops have food and ammunition sufficient for about three days sustenance without replenishment. The pilots of the troop carriers are trained under most difficult conditions and must have an extra share of courage and intelligence. They fly slowly and about their only escape from the speedy fighters is to skim the hilltops, dodge the haystacks, keep as low as possible in valleys or between obstacles like trees and buildings which serve as protection. IS) More than 2.000,000 dozen essential items of infants' and children's wearing apparel will be produced during June, July and August, according to the WPB. News- Stuff: es papermen's ta-d- a, shop-tal- k a, big-shot- s. trans-Atlant- ic ' SNAPPY FACTS RUBBER land-base- d Hiz-rone- Glider Pilot's Job Although the glider pilot has no engine to worry about, he must know meteorology, navigation, anti-aircra- ft aerial reconnaissance, photography, maintenance and radio communication. He must learn to land quickly and near trees or other obstacles where the troops' can take cover; one means of making a quick landing is purposely to snag a wing on a tree trunk or the bottom of the plane on rocks. The men inside are protected by a steel framework. And then when the pilot lands, all he has to do is fight his way back to his own lines with the rest of his e passengers. Like them, he has to know all the commando d ack-acke- d. 1,000-poun- steam-rollerin- g BIGood ncii one-tim- Post-Dispat- knows. Some of the tales which have already gone into the growing saga of d ... g bored-with-it-a- ll MOKE TANKS by llnuklutfce The number of peisons working on farms in the United States on April 1 was about 3 per cent lower than in the same period last year tfff Set VIC? j The army has ordered a reduction ma-- ! in the quantity of chine guns for airplanes that are beOne coming made on contract. pany's schedule has been cut down by 40 per cent, and six other manu- ' e Release of an additional 12.000,000 pounds of dried prunes from the 1943 production to civilians has been authorized by WFA. Behlnd-the-Scen- - d. n Rumanian authorities are having so much difficulty equipping their army that all men called into service are instructed to bring along two changes of underwear LasssssssssssJ . the airborne forces are marvelous. One is told of an adventure which took place early in the invasion of France. A glider, its towline cut. was suddenly left in the dark of the moon. Some light is necessary for a landing, of course. In the period when the moon was clouded, there was nothing for the pilot to do but to keep on descending. He did and landed unexpectedly but on very smooth terrain. The troopers quickly debouched and sought cover as they are trained to do. But there was no cover. They found they were on the wide, flat roof of a building. They found an entrance through the roof and cautiously crept down the stairs. To their surprise, they discovered they were in a building full of German soldiers and which housed the German headquarters for that area. But the Americans were armed, and needless to say the Germans were somewhat surThe Paratroopers prised. They surrendered without When operations require large much trouble. numbers of men and more complias easy However, it is not cated equipment, such as those per- as that and since it always is an axiom of formed back of the shore defenses military history that for every new and even much farther inland in arm of offense, an arm of defense France, paratroopers are supple- is developed, we may expect fresh mented by the troops landed from obstacles to be created which these transports and gliders. Thia fre- youngest sons of Mars will have to quently means that the paratrooper meet as they grow older. BRIEFS the War Production Although board is moving slowly toward the development of plans for the reconversion of industry from war to a peacetime basis, future manufacture of civilian goods will remain dependent upon military requirements, WPB Czar Donald Nelson indicated. Appearing before a senate committee to explain the WPB's handling of surplus aluminum available for civilian production. Nelson declared that 200,000 workers would have to be shifted into war industry before any such production could be permitted. Revealing that the 200,000 workers mainly are needed in foundries, forges, synthetic rubber plants, west coast shipyards and tank factories. Nelson said that the War Manpower commission's new plan for the control of the employment of all male help starting July 1 may solve the labor problem. includes the alleged reasons for the unpopularity of De Gaulle in certain high political places. One statesman said: "He is arrogant, hard to get along with, stuffy." . . . Another revealed that ' ' ' f 1 , ill it ' De Gaulle "likes to make an entrance" (especially in swanky hotel dining rooms; when a trumpeter 5 his approach with some A dee-ddah, dee, da, dahing. This got on the nerves of Allied It Is said Mr. Willkie will certify to the last item. ". . . De (few. Gaulle is called "the bride" when Roosevelt discusses him with Churchill via phone . . . Once FDR asked the Prime Mins l ister: "How's the bride?" . . "All Reconversion rjght" Mr. C. is said to have While indicating that civilian pro- - answered, "but I am having trouble it duction would have to wait on the with the groom!" . . . Meaning Gir-au. . . Americans and others output of war goods. Nelson also revealed that the WPB's plans for an should not forget De Gaulle was the Pattern No. 51G2 reconversion included per- - first to yell: "We Will Fight!" "THESE France This telephoto picture French family salvaging belongingi orderly seven, smiling little mission for manufacturers to buy A from ruins of home laid waste by exchange of artillery fire in Normandy. The Squelch Proper: Radie Har- roubusybodies of kittens will pu, machinery, tools and dies for con- in a very good humor, sumer items starting July 1. ris relays the one about the feud Each design for towels, foi EUROPE: PACIFIC: Under WPB plans, manufacturers between Jane Cowl and Philip Meri-also will be allowed to apply for vale when they appeared in "The citchen curtains, for the corners Lure Fleet Prize Big Jap materials for the production of a Rnflfl tn "RnmA" hit TVi n i r nimrrpl. ' I)f a breakfast Cloth, is about 6 bj Its inner defense lines imperilled inches and is done in cross stitcl Their beachhead firmly estabworking model of any product de- - ing finally aroused director Lester . lished and their forces mounting by U. S. operations in the Marianas, signed for postwar marketing so as Lonergan, who succinctly said: "I ind outline. heavy attacks inland, the Allies strong units of Japan's imperial fleet to enable them to solve mechanical just want to remind you. Miss To obtain transfer patterns for all sever for a major battle with the tittens, sketches of stitches used, coloi grasped at their first great prize closed problems now and be in readiness Cowl, that the billing on this play is thart for working the Kitten Towels (Pat Df the French campaign, as U. S. U. S. navy, which had long dared for immediate large-scal- e Cowl and Philip Merivale, not em No. Jane output 5162) send 16 cents in coin, your troops stormed the big port of Cher- the enemy to come out and fight Long opposed by older,, estab- Jane Cowl vs. Philip Merivale." address and the pattern number lame, of First of indication the bourg. lished companies still tied up in war presence Cut off from the main body of strong Jap naval forces in the Mariwork, newer concerns will be alSEWING CIRCLE NEEDLEWORK Oop: Recently a Nazi prisoner of In anas of area was the engagement 149 New Montgomery St lowed to manufacture civilian goods war their troops by the lightning advance the stockade at from escaped carrier-baseenSan Francisco, Calif. d large squadrons of of U. S. forces which dashed across whenever they may be free to do so. Camp Crowder. He learned the Enclose IS cents (plus one cent to the skinny Cotentin peninsula to cut emy planes in battle with U. S. task Nelson said. warelocation of the camp's supply cover cost of mailing) for Pattern forces supporting ground operations In two, a desperate German garrihouse and got there without being Familiar Scene No son remained under fire of U. S. on Saipan, where marines and detected. He broke in, shed his PW Warns. the whole occupied artillery, naval guns and aerial doughboys uniform, put on an American unibombardment in a sacrificial delay- southern tip of the island and him But Address form that perfectly. draped ing action, and meanwhile steadily pressed on against the big settlethen he made the boner resulting in ment of Garapan. demolished the modern harbor fahis capture. cilities which the Allies could put Announcing that the enemy had Hunting through a stack of hats to good use in landing supplies and lost 600 planes in the opening phases he put one on that fit him. Then he of S. the Marianas campaign, U. reinforcements. stepped out across the camp While the U. S. stalwarts ringed Admiral Chester W. Nimitz reported grounds and was seized almost at ABOUT once. British and Canadian that strong Jap naval formations unCherbourg, He had on the hat of a WAC. units In the Caen area to the east doubtedly ventured to sea tp afford cover for the carrier:force, relying hammered at Marshal Erwin Romaerial mel's armored divisions, which con- upon long range Ouch: It happened before Sutinued their counterattacks in bloody reconnaissance to size up the U. S. Court Justice Aaron J. Levy. preme The man before him said: "I would fighting designed to check any Allied position and their own chances of breakthrough from the expanding success. like to change my name. It' been While the two great fleets beachhead perimeter. a source of great embarrassment Up to the beginning of last maneuvered for battle, U. S. troops to me." year, B. F. Goodrich produced New in secured airfields Dutch the r. Italy "What Is your name?" asked more butadiene-typ- e general Guinea area, placing U. S. air Driving over muddy terrain. Al- forces within purpose synthetic rubber than 880 miles of the Jap-hel-d the fellow. said lied troops continued to chase the all other plants in America, "Levy," Germans back to their main defense has Philippines, which the enemy "Rarely in the life it any jurist," including those owned by the defeninto a converted strong was line in northern Italy, with fighting the caustic retort "comes government. The first U. S. sive pivot there a motion which he can grant chiefly marked by brief, stubborn commercial butadiene - type stands by Nazi rearguards. To doughboys of W orld W ar I, this with such pleasure." synthetic plant was set up by fforld War 11 scene in typical French B. F. Goodrich In 1939. In falling back to the north after Secret Weapons Shawt-shaw- t: village occupied by 'Allied soldiers Returned bomber the Allied armies had smashed their must bring back memories of some of pilots have a favorite story not new Black derbies, frequently called lines below Rome, the Nazis were the short-livegayety back of the lines to some of us on the papers. It deals Loaded with explosives and "iron hats," are said to be the withdrawing toward the waist of the to the the of before push resumption with the U. S. bomber crew flying propelled by a mixture of air most popular exchange medium Italian peninsula, where landings front. and gasses, Germany's pilotless over Switzerland, which was hailed could not be made to their rear. for rubber among the Indian of rotket plane launched from the via radio by the ground crew of a the. San Bias region of Panama. NAVAL OIL: Anchored in the center at the base French coast loomed as the Swiss No mention has been made of battery. "This is of the Apennlne mountains, the new Under Control Nazis' boasted secret weapon. neutral territory. Get away or we'll premiums for brown derbiesl German defense line was set up to first of the Following reports Stirred by the navy's agreement open fire." and inguard the fertile farm-lanof the rockets appearance with Standard Oil company of Cali"Yes, we know," replied the dustrial regions of northern Italy, travelling at low level at about fornia for the operation of its rich Yanks, to which the guns prizes of the wracked country. 250 miles per hour and tapering Elk Hills. Calif., field a year ago, "Hey," radioed the Americans, off at a 30 degree angle to exestablished a new prece"your shells are exploding 1,000 congress Finland d plode with the force of a dent by passing legislation under yards below us." With the formidable Russian army more terbomb, another, which it will directly control ex"Yes," was the reply, "we know." over the wild Karerocket streaked across rifying, of reserves. naval ploitation lian Isthmus in southern Finland and the British sky, whirring at 600 Approved by President Roosevelt Newspaperman 6tuff: Editor and training its sights on the little counmiles per hour and leaving purhis objection that it would Publisher reports that Lowell Mel-le- tt despite was of there Helsinki, try's capital suing Spitfires far to its rear. endow congress with executive pow(who recently quit his post as talk of the possibility of a peace As the Nazis directed the ers, the legislation stipulates that ass't to the President to do a syndiwith Moscow. rockets at London and British congress shall specify the amount cated column) has just been granted The once strong Karelian defenses channel ports, the Allied air ot oil which can be removed from a $5 raise by the St. Louis which had held the Reds back for command sought to check the Elk Hills, and the navy secretary a raise he requested 40 days during the war of 1939, cracked surprise attack by bombarding not condemn lands or enter years ago. may of the crumbled under and the French coast from which the weight At that time, Mellett asked his into any contracts or leases without the Russian attack, supported by infernal machines were being consultation with congres- managing editor for the pay-hik- e prior launched and Intensifying antiheavy artillery and aerial bombardsional naval committees. and when turned down he quit The ment aircraft fire over the threatened waa among the first to buy his Division of authority as pre- P-areas. As the Reds pounded up the Karescribed in the legislation would only colyum. It pays him the wage he WHY TAKE lian isthmus in the face of negligible lead to inefficient and uneconomi- got when a reporter. As a matter of principle, Melopposition, the bulk of the German PRICE COxNTROL: cal administration, the President troops in Finland stood guard over Postivar Curb said. lett asked the present editor to pay HARSH LAXATIVES? the vital nickle mines in the north. $5 extra. He got this reply: "Okay. If an Inflationary cyclone similar CLOTHING: CHEAP to had for wait so long Sorry you to the one following World War I is CHINA: n t . It." to be headed off, the U. S. may be Sput rroauciwn Simple Fresh Fruit Drink Makes Purgatives Unnec- Japs Press Drive compelled to maintain price control Dollar and cent ceilings on reMerciless Truth: John Erskine Spurred by the bombing of its for some time after the conclusion clothing were announced by calls a college dean who used to say essary for Most People big steel center of Yawata, Japan of the present conflict until producthe Office of Price Administration as you couldn't teach a man mathecontinued to press its major offen- tion begins to balance demand, OPA part of a special production program Here's a way to overcome consive In China, designed to secure the price director Jean Carroll de- to stimulate manufacturing of these matics if there was a girl in the stipation without harsh laxatives-Drin- k or if he room, wouldn't could, you eastern coastal sector of the coun- clared. Items. juice of 1 Sunkist Lemon in be worth teaching. "If the automobile industry, and Cotton house dresses will sell foi try against future Allied operations glass of water first thins; on there. ariRinjr. the same applies to producers of $1.49 or less, women's cotton slips The editor of This Week Hehehehc Most people find this all they At the same tirae, the Japs struck washing machines, for 65 cents, men's shirts for $1.39 convulsed refrigerators, column with the one need stimulates normal bowel acback at Chinese troops in northern electric irons and the like, can fill and shorts for 39 cents. Extra size about the the sentry who heard a tion day after dayt Burma, fighting to open a back door all its orders in the first year after dresses will retail at $1.69 and over- noise and called out: "Who goes Lemon and water Is good for to their country through which re- the war, there obviously will not be size slips at 75 cents. there?" A voice from the yon. Lemons are among the richinforcements and supplies could be much need for the OPA." Carroll The WPB has allocated 17 million answered: "Lieut. Jones. darkness Let me est sources of vitamin C, which it may take these yards of cotton fabrics for the prosaid. "But combats fatigue, helps resist cold transported from India. No less than three Jap columns industries two or three years to gram which Is limited to July, through." and infections. They supply valu"I can't let you proceed, sir, withable amounts of vitamins Bi and were operating in eastern China, satisfy consumer demands. If this August and September. The sched- out the password," said the sentry. P. They with two acting as protecting happens, a lot of people will not ule calls for 2,142.852 shirts, 5.000,004 Up appetite. They "Oh, fergoodnesssakes," said the alkalinixe, pep aid digestion. Lemon screens for the main body which get cars and other things they want pairs of shorts, 1,596,000 house officer, know me well "you and has water a fresh tans; too plunged southward toward the big and this will produce a definite indresses, and about 1.021,272 cotton enough. Let me through." clears the mouth, wakes you up, seaport at Canton. Capture of Can- flationary prospect . . ." slips. "No can do," was the retort, starts you ffoingr. ton would extend Jap control over To prevent of prices To guard against shoddiness, the Try this grand waVe-o- p drink "gotta have the password, sir." mateamount of minimum the whole eastern coastal sector. In in certain lines. It may be necesand 10 mornings. See if it doesn't help, type solthen Just In which the enemy already has estab- sary to continue general control each garment dier in the rial to be used Use California Sunkist nearby guardhouse vout lished many heavy industries in ex- over all items until goods become have been specified, and standards Lemons. don't stand there "Oh, yelled: arguploiting the natural and human re- available in quantity, Carroll de- of workmanship and construction ing all night shoot him," sources of China. clared. have been established. News Analyst and Commentator. Nazi Refinements Kitten Motif for Use On Towels, Curtains INDUSTRY: War First . Demonstration Arranged by General 'Billy' Mitchell at Kelly Field in 1928; Officers 'Not Impressed.' Service, Union Trust Building Washington, D. C. When the story of the present war Is written, the outstanding logistical novelty the feature which differs most from the methods employed in the movement of fighting units in previous wars will be the use of airborne troops. Already the airborne units have been revealed as vital factors in the invasion landings, where they have been used on a scale which dwarfs anything heretofore from the first widely publicized Russian experiments in 1930 to the German air Invasion of Crete or the remarkable achievements of smaller units in Burma. Since it is taken for granted that the United6tates is going to carry the major burden in the later phases of the invasion, it is a matter of satisfaction to know that the idea of transporting troops by plane was first developed by the United States army. No one will be surprised that it was that stormy petrel of aviation. Gen. "Billy" Mitchell, whose wings beat so futilely against the hidebound brasshats of his day, who is credited with arranging the first demonstration of troop transportation by air. The report of his first fruitless demonstration is burled so deep in the war department files that I can only quote from lay sources concerning it. But it seems that in 1928 ten soldiers parachuted from a Martin bomber onto Kelly field in Texas. With them went machine gun equipment. All landed safely and in three minutes after they hit the ground the machine gun was assembled. Officers who observed the "stunt" (which is what it was then considered) were not impressed. That Is, the American officers. Some Russians were present They made notes, and some two years later their paratroopers were descending to earth to the "ohs" and "ahs" of American movie audiences. Germany observed but went to work in silence, with the results with which we were made painfully familiar from the days of the invasion of Poland on. But "Billy" Mitchell's idea slumbered In the files and he did not live to see its renascence here four years ago. WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS Action as Good News From European Sectors Continues With Use of Air Troops Thursday, June 29, 1944 NEPHL, UTAH S. Pacific Front Flares Into to Experiment WNU TIMES-NEW- ' ' facturers face smaller cutbacks. On the other hand, construction of tanks is gning to be increased con- sifierably. Losses of these vehicles on the Normandy front have exceed-- j The production ed expectations. schedule of tanks of all classes was curtailed several months ago. AID RUSS Two million tons of war material! have been shipped to Russia on a basis during the first tout DAIRY PROMCTS: More butmonths of the year, Leo Crowley, ter and cheese will be available for foreign economic administrator, ancivilidtis this July than last year, for nounced. This Included 40.000 trucks. the government has reserved a 6,300 Jeeps, and 6.000 other motot smaller proportion of these dairy vehicles. In March and April slone, foo'is for military and more than 1.200 planes and 400 tanki were delivnoeds. The July butter "set aside" and lank destroyers has been reduced from 50 per cent ered. of the available supply to 45 per cent, Sine October, 1941, a total of tons of supplies have been and for Cheddar cheese the reduction has been from 70 to 60 per cent. sent to the soviet union. MISCELLANY lend-leas- lend-leas- e e Quotation Marksmanship: Ted Robinson: A pessimist feels bad when he feels good for fear he'll (eel worse when he feels better. . . . Dorothy F. Grant: How many times are we guilty of Hatriotism? . . . Mary Innis: The frozen milk bottles wore crooked white . . . M. Cousins: The lonely night sounds of the prairie clawed at the windows . , . Irving Hoffman: "Gentleman": What women call any man thev don't know well. J. Drink-water- : Poets make everlastins monuments of moments. top-hat- s. ... Write for FREE BEAUTY FOLDER tn ft fttot eMlfhlM atetrf Frtrfcl Cma. Mr tkam i . atsJtM ski ligMf--r . tt'm clMM4 m4 at Cttwnsr A kll pwm srt mtith Cfttt-y- poetaj StlttfsMM irtxhl car 4 ttng Hmrt tm pM. THE STILLMAN 1 Un . |