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Show THE PAGE TWO Weekly News Review War Peace Wins Shallow Victory, Compared to That of Hitler Uy Joseph W. La III ne Foreign Since early August, when Czechoslovakia's Sudeten area first began attracting Reichsfuehrer Adolf Hitler's serious attention, Italy's Premier Benito Mussolini has been out in the cold. While Germany's chancellor talked with British Prime Minister Neville Chamberlain, while the world read about French Premier Edouard Daladier and Czech President Eduard Benes, Adolf Hitler's friend in Rome was asked not once for his opinion. But he gave it nevertheless, thundering six speeches of defiance at western democracies in as many days. Another rebuff came when Franklin Roosevelt drafted his first note to Germany and Czechoslovakia WHITE HOUSE), sending (See copies to Britain and France, but 3 ix f" ' James M. Landis of Harvard unischool. Chief Justice Walter P. Stacey of the North Carolina supreme court. With railroad-ing'- s monumental problem brought to a head, labor's protests became secondary to an Investigation of d of U. S. railroads are why in receivership, why another third borders on bankruptcy. When committeemen finish their inquiry, unions must wait another 30 days before striking. Chief hope is that a solution of railroad financial difficulties will obviate a strike by that time, with congressional aid following close behind. versity's law one-thir- White House "This country can best be served by putting in positions of influence men who believe in peace and who will resist this administration in seeking to give free advice to either side in Europe." Day after he recited this opinion of Franklin Roosevelt to Chicago Republicans, Iowa's onetime Sen. Lester J. Dickinson might have admitted that he spoke too hastily. Traditionally isolationist," long silent in Europe's crisis (See FOREIGN) U. S. officialdom kept hands off un- til every other effort failed, until Adolf Hitler was poised to march against little Czechoslovakia. Then, to Reichsfuehrer Hitler, to Czech Eduard Benes, went President President Roosevelt's plea: PREMIER BENITO MUSSOLINI ... headlong into the headlines. not to Italy. Sorely hurt, II Duce was ready to jump headlong into the headlines first chance he got. That chance came unexpectedly. Night before, in Europe's capitals, frenzied governments rushed mobilization, prepared for air raids. In Berlin, where Adolf Hitler had set a deadline on the Czech question, troops began marching to the frontier. Though the Reich's every demand had been granted, Chancellor Hitler's stubborness over detail was a barrier neither London nor Paris could hurdle. In such a crisis, as President Roosevelt paved a smooth entre with his second note to the Fuehrer, both Washington and London appealed secretly to the one man whose persuasion might stay disaster. That man was Benito Mussolini, fellow dictator of Adolf Hitler, southern axis. mainstay of the Rome-BerliII Duce rose to the occasion, talked 30 minutes to Berlin by telephone, soon had wires humming to London and Paris. With a scant two hours to spare, Der Fuehrer had cancelled his march, arranged conference in its stead a next day at Munich. To that Bavarian city, where a scant 25 years before the bemoustached chancellor had worked as bricklayer and house painter, flew Neville Chamberlain, Benito Mussolini, Edouard Paladier. Nine hours they talked, emerging with an agreement that meant at least temporary peace for Europe and some measure of integrity for Czechoslovakia. Terms: (1) Czech evacuation of Sudetenland by October 10; (2) supervision of evacuation by international commissioners; (3) plebiscites in Sudeten areas with minor German population; (4) exchange of populations; (5) Czech release of German prisoners, soldiers, police; (6) settlement of Polish, Hungarian r minorities disputes by meeting if nations concerned fail to reach agreement among themselves; (7) international guarantee of Czech integrity. As Europe's peacemakers headed for home, a world well accustomed to treaty breaking might well wonder how long the Munich pact would stand. Terms were one thing, plain lacts another. Among the facts: (1) Adolf Hitler had won every der mand; (2) by signing the pact, France and Britain withdrew their support of Czechoslovakia; (3) Russia, left in the cold, turned cold eyes at all western Europe; (4) by summoning the Munich parley, by winning their terms, Ger many and Italy now hold whip hand over Europe's destiny, can probably make further aggressions without much opposition. For peace, only victory at Munich was that the world's war lords had avoided unspeakable disaster even after mobilizing their armies, feat unparalleled in history. n four-pow- threatened alternative . . . is as unnecessary as it is of force ... N . four-powe- V four-powe- Transportation Though 928,500 members of 19 railroad unions voted to strike October 1 in protest against a 15 per cent wage cut, their walkout has been averted until at least November 20 by presidential intervention under the railway labor act of 1928. Starting investigations last week was an emergency committee which has until October 30 to dig out the fads. Prof. Harry A. Committeemen: of Chicago university, Dean Mi THIS WEEK ad, ,, ' - 1 Si- - I. W' - y - ' H i w' ! .I By LEMUEL F. PARTON Miss Louise A. wandering far from sunny San Rafael In California, pushes farther up the East Greenland coast than any can ever went Boyd fore. She was a NEW IOWA'S DICKINSON A'o "free advice" to Europe. poll which showed the New Deal's two most favored features were rearmament and foreign policy. Whatever might result from Munich's peace parley, the Czech squabble proved (1) that Germany's expansion efforts will continue to threaten Europe, and 2) that the U. S. cannot escape some measure of participation in world affairs. Will the administration s success thus far bring national approval for con tinuation of New Deal foreign pol Icy? A safe bet was that political speeches leading to November's election will stress foreign relations possibly uree irr.prrtjnt revision of the neutrality act. under v. hirh the President may now invoke "cash and carry" provisions anytime state of war exists abroad. Modest Soul S 5 - ' J,, K,..! f,, ' 1 Each year, the fire demon takes 10,000 American lives and destroys $300,000,000 property. Of this, 7,000 fatalities and $100,000,000 damage is in homes. 7 During Fire Prevention week, most of the 25,000,000 homes in America will be inspected for "fire susceptibility" by fireclubs, rural scouts, state fire marshals and others. men, They will look for such menaces as forgotten rubbish piles and faulty heating plants. Many fires are caused by carelessness, but the more important consideration is that most fires are preventable. The bare truth is that America has one of the highest per capita fire losses in the world. Every two minutes of every hour, an American home catches fire. 1 financial "sanctions" against Japan. f, : .W-.' was a futile hope, however, since sanctions failed miserably when last applied against Italy in her Ethiopian conquest Moreover, the League agreed that ; action" against Japan was im- I s " possible, that each member could apply sanctions if it desired. Never before have sanctions been ine memvoked against a ber. Not too optimistic was China's scholarly delegate. Dr. V. K. Wellington Koo, who reluctantly admitted: "The only question now is to what extent various members of the League will participate in sanctions." m Though Spain's war was postponed last week on account of wet grounds, observers thought they saw clearing skies that bore close relation to the Munich peace parley (See FOREIGN). From Rome came almost unimpeachable word that Premier Benito Mussolini Is withdrawing support from Generalissimo Francisco Franco's insurgent army, and at the same moment Paris heard insurgent Spain would be neutral in any European war. By the time these two rumors were patched together, they added L 'gt up nicely. If Generalissimo Franco remained neutral, he would be useless to Italy in fighting France. But a more Important reason lay in Premier Mussolini's sudden about-fac- e from which he emerged as Europe's No. 1 peacemaker. Already credited with proposing the Munich parley, since no one else could deal with Reichsfuehrer 1 , vt Y" Adolf Hitler, II Duce was probably relations his to Improve seeking with Great Britain by invoking the friendship pact Signed last spring, this treaty has been dormant because Italy refused to desert Generalissimo Franco. Still another reason for II Duce's act might be Italy's Inability to continue financing Fascism's Spanish Here are the greatest fire haxartls in order of their impor. battle. lancet (1 ) rubbish; (2) defective chimneys; (3) combustible Whatever the cause, observers and roofs; (4) defective healing equipment; (5) matches a gone suddenly Europe hoped electrical would let the Spanish careless smoking; (6) gasoline and kerosene; (7) peace-mawar fizzle out With Italy quitting, defects, and (8) hot ashes. Watch for these menaces in your with Germany likely to follow suit, home and help keep down America's fire toll. Remember that and with loyalist Spain already dis- every 21 hours, 19 persons half of whom are childrendie missing her foreign fighters, the as a result of fires; burned to death, suffocated or asphyxiated! hope was a bright one. Saddest U. S. news of Spain's war . was the capture by rebel troops i of James P. Lardner, son of the late, famed Author Ring Lardner, in the last engagement of his company, the renowned brigade. ' I, j 5 V2"w a. h d : Lincoln-Washingt- tar, Launched, at Clydebank, Scotland, the liner Queen Elizabeth br ho barely had! Queen Elizabeth, time to smash a bottle of champagn before the ship slid down to sea ahead of schedule. indTthl rubric of serving tea and all the This People YORK. Ameri-Ventureao- 4-1- Italo-Britis- 1 1 1 DR. V. K. WELLINGTON KOO He was not too hopeful. invoked article 16 of its badly battered covenant, voting economic and ...A. 1 . . . unjustifiable.'' Craftily phrased to maintain U. S. President's the message neutrality, nevertheless contained the word "unjustifiable" which connoted a measure of sympathy for Britain and France. Moreover, he dispatched a personal note to Italy's Premier Benito Mussolini, another to Tokyo, thereby asking Reichsfuehrer Hitler's two bedfellows in totalitarianism to plump against war. No President in modern U. S. history has ever taken such a step, nor did much time elapse before tongues started wagging. Would Franklin Roosevelt's intervention embroil the nation in Europe's squabble? Did Washington have a secret "parallel action" agreement with France and Britain? And, most important for the moment, would the President's move bring desired results? By daybreak the last question was answered. To Munich, Adolf Hitler summoned Britain, France and Italy for peace negotiations that undeniably resulted in part from Mr. Roosevelt's intervention. By noon, Secretary of State Cordell Hull assured correspondents that the U. S. has no "parallel action" agreement. Deal By nightfall, even arch-Nehater Sen. Rush D. Holt admitted the President's course had been wise. Unnoticed, shoved Into the back' ground by Europe's crisis, was the U. S. political picture which nonetheless may change definitely as an upshot of the President's action. Re called was last summer's Fortune : .. ! NEWS V Next day, as Iowa's Dickinson WHO'S V far-awa- was speaking, came Adolf Hitler's Add Note of Color to Your Dainty Linens jiji,sjnywjnFB WjPsjsWiWip)CTslWWM shek. Since China's capital has moved to Chungking, 600 miles wondered last week observers whether Japan will stop at Hankow, as promised, or push on to drive Generalissimo Chiang's headquarters still farther back into Asia. Only scant hope for China's fu y ture came from Geneva, where the League of Nations council Thursday, October 6, 1938 NEPHI. UTAH S. America Fights Fire Menace So engrossing was Czechoslo vakia's problem that both China and Spain (See Below) received scant attention. One press association s total report from both bat. tlefronts was 29 words, but U. S. headline writers knew the name of Hankow would soon be flashing from their pencil tips. Reason: Japan's invading army crept closer up the Yangtze river to its ultimate destination, appeared almost certain to capture China's onetime provisional capital before another month is up. Chief question Is whether venge ful Nipponese troops will turn Hankow into the wholesale slaughterhouse they made of Nanking last winter. If they do, it will wreck central China's No. 1 industrial city. a trading and manufacturing point of inestimable importance. Pioneer of western industrialization, Hankow's three WuHan cities of Hankow, Hanyang and Wuchang opened their doors to foreign trade in 1858, became a machine age center of rice, flour and textile mills, dye works, oil refineries and distilleries. Since the WuHan cities head water and rail facilities to all south China, their loss will be a severe blow to Chinese Generalissimo Chiang Kai- - "On behalf of 130 millions of Americans and for the sake of humanity everywhere, I most earnestly appeal to you not to break off negotiations , . . reply disclaiming responsibility, maintaining the "terrible fate" of Sudeten Germans made delay impossible. By nightfall all Europe had surrendered hope, and by nine o'clock the President was willing to try again. To Berlin went another cable. Its highlight: "There are two points I sought to emphasize ; first, that all matters of difference could and should be settled by pacific methods; second, that the TIMES-NEW- r - niceties of Victorian etiquette before she shoved into the ice pack and began polar bears nine in one day. She might have felt like the late William James who, free from a long stretch at a Wisconsin Chautauqua, asked pass-ersb- y if they could direct him to a nice Armenian massacre. For the last 12 years she has been equipping stout little Norwegian sealers for her Arctic expeditions. She has trained herself in scientific observations and her findings are published under scientific auspices. She holds decorations from two foreign governments and the American Geographical society has published two of her books. She surveyed a stretch of the Greenland coast, previously uncharted, and for this the Danish government named the area Miss Boyd Land. She has ventured farther north than any other white woman. She dislikes publicity and has little of the histrionic sense common to explorers. So far as ' the reporters are concerned, she might Just as well make an expedition to Flatbush. At great labor and expense it has been ascertained, however, that she takes a nice wardrobe north with her and that she always powder.s her nose before going on deck. She probably was trapped Into these indiscreet admissions as she has made it clear that all this is nobody's business. Weaving through ice packs on an Atlantic voyage gave her her big idea. One of her chief interests on her northern voyages is photography. She is the daughter of John Boyd, wealthy Californian. The old manse at San Rafael, which this writer has seen on occasion, is a citadel of decorum, from which, it would seem, none would ever wander, so far and so dangerously. "PHOSE who liked Thomas Mann's A "The Coming of Democracy," will find in Dr. Cyrus Adler, who celebrated his 75th birthday the oth- Uv- er day r n UT. C. AOier jng statement Embodiment of of Herr Mann's aji theme- - A cho1-a- r and human- Mann'a Theme ist he has given his life to an ex- emplification of democracy as an ethical and cultural aspiration and not a political formula which is Thomas Mann's impassioned thesis. This writer thought of that when he read the book, and spotted up Doctor Adler's birthday in the future book for attention here. Be is the only president of two colleges, Dropsie college of Philadelphia and the Jewish Theological Seminary of New York. A fellow of Johns Hopkins nniverslty, where he obtained his doctorate, he taught at the University of Baltimore. He has been a stanch defender of science and the humanities against bigotry and Insularity through the more than of his teaching, writing and speaking. At his retreat at Woods Hole, Mass., he is still creative, alert and vigorous. He is saluted here as the proprietor of one of our most Important birthdays. half-centu- ry rR- GEORGE D. BIRKHOFF, professor of mathematics at Harvard, seems to be the first to note the competition in the academ- le from Prof. Btrhhoff th- -world lnflux of Warns of Influx superintellectu- - Of Intellectuals ' from Europe. running board with all this overcrowding. When Einstein began batting his hot relativity grounders this way. Doctor Birkhoff was one of the few men In America who could field them. II la a proline writer In the overlapping son of mathematics and philosophy, one of the most beavl'y garlanded men In the scholastio world, a distinguished Calhnllo layman holding high pp honors for scholarship. l g a native of Michigan, educated at the I'nlverslly of Chicago ana Harvard. Fitura 6032 HOUSEHOLD QUESTIONS Lengthen Life of Towels. Machine a piece of tape along each side of your roller towels before you use them. Frosting Windows. An inexpensive way of frosting the cellar windows to insure more privacsT" is to dissolve one-ha- lf pound of epsom salts in two pints of water and paint over the inside of the window with this liquid. When Washing Silk Stockings. Slip on a pair of rubber gloves when washing stockings. There will then be no danger of catching the silk and causing a ladder. Testing a Pillow. One test of a press it in the center; the more quickly and fully the pillow comes back to its original shape and size, the better are the feathers. good pillow is to NERVOUS? Do yon feel so nervou yon wsnt to cream? Ar you eroa and imtabUt Io you acold thosa daaraat to you? II your norvea aro en adg and yon a food general ayatem tonic, try Ku need E. Pinlcham'a Vegetable Compound, mada uptciallw for wonwii. For over 60 yeara one woman haa told another now to fo "amilinc thru" with reliable Pinkham'a Compound. It helpa nature build op more phyaical resistance and thus helpa calm quivering nerves and lessen discomforts front annoying symptoms which often female functional disorders. Why not rive It a ehsnoa to help YOU? Over one million women hava written In rpportina wonderful benefits from Pinkham's Compound. Obedient First He who obeys with modesty appears worthy of being some day a commander. Cicero. CONSTIPATED? Hern la Amazing Rnllef fop Duo to Slugo'en Bowala Condition JlafjiTiZj?irncdi i"ueV.'trrjS3 i vegetable M iHfil bo (borons, re- frnsuliia. InvutcM-atlne'TMtpeodable rvllef from bea Met hnoaches. bilious spells, IUd feeunf iHlailir eawoeuosd ertui eoostlDstloo. Risk5&:kfMKS Without sot oeiigbtwl. return the box to os. wa nul reiunn mo purensse sbbsbbmbjbi Tket'e fair. price. KB. Tablets loaar. O AJ.II'I (let If '.FHl stiwava enanvx) JA--- J SALT LAKE'S t As the doctor sees it, mathematicians won't be worth a dlma a dozen if these highly gU'led men keep on coming. 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