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Show PAGE TWO THE IVetes TIMES-NEW- Review of Current Events Finland. Pays CONGRESS ADJOURNS Measure Huge Relief and Priming Bill and Wage-Hou- r Enacted During Closing Days of Session iiyW!fi mm WASHINGTON. tant news story ... Kelier The most impor in Washington and the throughout country now is the use of relief funds Politics for political pur poses. It is not only the most important news at this time, but has been the most important and will continue to be the most important for weeks to come. This is so be cause the amount of money involved Is vast and the number of votes possible to be influenced by that money is so great The stakes are high and the unscrupulous are going to play for them to the limit of their capacity. I think that per haps the corruption of the Harding administration with its shameful oil scandal was more sensational, but surely no one condones the present situation any more than the scan dals of the earlier malfeasance of office holders. In the Harding oil .affair, there was perhaps 5 per cent as much money involved. Few, if any, votes of private citizens were at stake; certainly, no votes of persons who through no fault of their own found themselves destitute. It was the late Thomas Walsh, Montana Democratic senator, who conducted the earnest fight to purge the country of the crooks at that time. And now that the senate again has taken notice of the conditions, one cannot help but wondef whether there will be the same high-typ- e of statesmanship displayed, the same courage shown by some Republican or Democratic senator. For the sake of the country, I hope that no stone will be left unturned by the senate investigation which, though ordered belatedly and after an irritable reaction from the country, nevertheless was ordered by the senate. The senate deserves no credit for having moved to expose the condition which Senator Wheeler of Montana described as "playing politics with human misery." It had three chances to show its courage and its statesmanship before it would take hold of what many recognized as a political firebrand. It ran from those opportunities in the most cowardly fashion, under the lash of New Deal leaders in the senate. On three occasions, I repeat, the senate had a chance to assert control over the $5,000,000,000 borrowing-spendin- g lending bill and prevent, to some extent, the further use of taxpayers' money for electioneering purposes. And, I repeat, each time the vote was against inclusion of preventa tive clauses in that appropriation measure. So, none can say the credit should go to the senate even though now it promises to uncover facts which anyone, with an eye half open, knows exist. There can be no credit to the ad ministration because President Roosevelt spoke not a word in behalf of use of funds for relief and for the removal of politics. Indeed, he praised his relief administrator, Harry Hopkins, for publicly backing Representative Wearin, the New Deal candidate for the senate nomination in Iowa. Mr. Wearin was well licked by Senator Gillette, an Democrat Nor did the President tell the senate publicly that he favored a curb on the use of the money. Quite the contrary. Whether the President urged them to do so or not, his board of strategy (the new name for the brain trust) put the steam on and made enough senators vote against the amendments to curb politics to insure defeat They even forced Senator Barkley of Kentucky to take the floor in favor of the use of money in any way the relief overseers want to use it and Senator Barkley is seeking in his native Kentucky. So, no credit for the move to draw back the curtain can possibly be given to the White House or any of the President's advisors or strategists. old-lin- e JARNFELT, minister from P ERO Finland, appeared in the state to the phase of conditions "back home," the word seeps to Wash-he Foiks through lngton that a good 'Back Home' many persons who are seeking house or senate nominations against New Deal aspirants are finding strong WPA organizations against them and in favor of the New Deal candidate. And the full import of that strength comes to mind quickly when one thinks what a hungry person will give up in order to have As T food. Senator Tydings of Maryland is the sponsor of the move to clean up the mess In relief. Of course. Senator Tydings, while a staunch Democrat, seldom has done anything to cause the New Dealers happiness; on the contrary, he was marked for "liquidation" long, long ago. It Is much better that an outstanding Democrat should have proposed the investigation than to have had the proposal come from a Republican. Had a Republican introduced the resolution, the thing would have been called political, purely. But it would have been a move calculated to demonstrate the genuineness of the New Deal if some r Roosevelt center would have No credit for bringing the situathe brought up proposition. tion to the attention of the country There is a great opportunity for can go to the Dodged house of ropre- - this new senate committee to serve frt House senlalivei. It did the country well. It can. and should. not even consider go into every report its investigaany restrictions on the use of the tors obtain to learn to what extent money when the bill was up for taxpayers money Is being employed passage there. The lradership in to influence elections. It has an outthe house is controlled by Mr. standing piece upon which to work, at the very start. Did not Mr. HopRoosevelt, but even then it was surhorn into the Iowa primary? prising to see such upstanding, kins square-shootinmen like Speaker And everywhere there was the quesBankhcad and Msjority Leader Ray-bur- n tion whether the WPA and other reof Texas sidle around the hot lief workers In Iowa would not conthe Hopkins announcement In spot. Sam Rayburn Is one of the strue behalf of really splendid men in the house of der" for Mr. toWearin as an "orthem support the same representatives, but he dodged on man. this thing and it Is not commendaBut more important than Mr. ble. Hopkins, this investigation if it is Then, where must credit be given? Why did the senate finally take seriously made can point the tremendous fallacy and danger of rethe bit in its teeth and set machinery in motion for putting out the fire lief being administered from Washbefore adjournment? The answer is ington instead of from the states that the people "back home." end and the counties where the money Is spent. If the country it made that means largely in iTial'er town and In the country, finally caught fully aware t.f true conditions, I believe there will be changes in the up with the fift that they are being victimized. They let their feelings rel.ef 60methods that will allow more than r,r 70 cen's out of each dol(. orr.e known, and with them nearlar ex,rr ( .'! to be used for food and ly every newspaper in the country now. the seriate until the $:n- - clotiiirg as is the 100-pe- g ce f:rn N.p..r I'r.lon. 23, 1933 Pi ft, department on June 15 and proudly announced that Finland was paying its debt installment due that day and had deposited $161,935 with the federal reserve bank in New York. John Pelenyi, Hungarian minister, announced his government had paid 1 per cent on account against its post-wa- atorial ears must have burned to crisp. Anyway, It brought action and for that the country ought to be thankful It might be well to review the senate action when it ran away from an honest Job on the relief appropriation. First there was the amendment by Senator Hatch, Democrat New Mexico, which was to prevent use of relief funds for political purposes by the simple expedient of dismissal for the official who had control over such funds; second, there was the amendment by Senator Lodge, Massachusetts Republi can, which would have required a distribution of the relief funds on the basis of the number of unem ployed In each state and which, thereby, would have prevented use of vast sums in some states where the political battle might be going against the candidate with a New Deal blessing, whether the opponent be an old line Democrat or a Re publican; third, there was the amendment by Senator Rush Holt, Democrat, of West Virginia, which merely proposed to make all federal relief officials responsive to civil service laws insofar as political activity was concerned, and fourth, there was the amendment by Senator Austin, Republican, Vermont which would have made it unlawful for any person whose compensation comes from relief funds to solicit, or authorize the solicitation of, funds as contributions to any political party. Well, as I said, the senate ran away from them and It seems to me that any senator who voted against those amendments has a pretty difficult Job to explain that vote. As much as I admire Senator Barkley, the basis of his argument was so sour that it smelled to high heaven. The Kentuckian told the senate that the amendments would destroy senators and give all of the political power into the hands of state political machines which could use that power against senators seeking Senator Barkley is being challenged for in his state and, I suppose, the matter strikes right close home with him. Whether senators who voted against those amendments so intended or not what they have done, when the picture is examined in an unbiased fashion, is to put the whole Roosevelt administration in a ridiculous position. It was their action which makes the record show that the whole administration is willing to let politics run riot in relief; it is against a fair and equitable allocation of money among the states in accordance with the number of unemployed who must be fed. Thursday, June NEPHI. UTAH S, What Shanghai Is Like a !9 debt r The defaulting nations were, as usual: Belgium, Czechoslovakia, Estonia, France, Great Britain, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Rumania and Jugo-Slavi- a. John Roosevelt Weds IN A little old stone church at Na-han- John Roosevelt youngest son of President and Mrs. Roosevelt and Anne Lindsay Clark were made man and wife. After the ceremony there was a reception in the old Nahant club, and the young couple then started on a honeymoon trip to Bermuda. There they were to stay at the estate of Vincent Astor. Mass., SUMMARIZES THE WORLD'S WEEK C Western Newspaper Union. Congress .Session Ends fifth congress brought Its labors to a close and adjourned, thanked by President Roosevelt for the constructive legislation it had enacted. In its one special and two regular sessions this congress set a peace time record by appropriating more than 20 billion dollars. Almost at the last moment the 3 million dollar relief and pump priming bill was enacted into law. The house accepted a senate amendment boosting the appropriation for administrative expenses of the Rural Electrification adminis- "pHE Seventy - tration from $500,000 to $750,000. Agreement was reached on the 300 million dollar second deficiency bill when the senate concurred in the action of the house in knocking out $325,000 to purchase additional land for the Lake Tahoe National park and $1,300,000 for for- estry. Both senate and house repassed over the President's veto the bill per cent rate continuing the 3 on federal land bank loans on farm mortgages. Scores of bills of varying degrees of importance were lost in the confusion of the last hours of the session. Among them was the bill authorizing federal law enforcement officers to tap wires to get evidence of violations of law. The relief and pump priming law as enacted includes one billion 425 million dollars for the Works Progress administration for a period of eight months, beginning July 1; 175 million dollars for the Farm Security administration; 75 million dol lars for the National Youth administration, and 9G5 million dollars for the Public Works administration. It authorizes the PWA to lend up to 400 million dollars from the sale of securities pledged for previous PWA loans. It increases the lending limit of the United States Housing authority for low cost housing from 500 million to 800 million dollars. It appropriates 212 million dollars for additional "price adjustment" subsidies to farmers. labor and generally opposed by big business, is designed to establish a 40 cent minimum hourly wage and a 40 hour maximum work week in Interstate industries in seven years, It will achieve the goal by easy stages, beginning with a 25 cent wage and a 44 hour week in affected industries the first year and gradu ating to 30 cents and 40 hours in three years. Thereafter quasi-publi- c industrial boards dominated by a federal ad ministrator, will fix the scale according to sectional economic conditions, and, in conformance with the major concession to the South, will exempt industries which can prove the scales will work an economic hardship. Child labor under fourteen years of age is outlawed, except in seasonal and other specified industries. Specific exemption is provided for farm workers, processors in the area of production, executives, adminis trative and professional help, local retailing employees, seamen, air transport workers, seasonal indus y tries, employees of weekly or papers whose circulation is less than 3,000, those whose hours are regulated by the motor carrier act, those under wage agreements, handlers of perishable goods and those represented by a collective bargaining agency. 40-4- 0 semi-weekl- Lewis Twice Rebuffed '"pWICE in the last days of the ses- - sion John J. Lewis, C. I. O. chieftain, virtually ordered con gress to pass the amendment to the ' waisn-neai-. y . govern - tii . .... .rtKoty jiii contracts Dill 3 mem so corporations that to refused obey NLRB orders could be blacklisted. Both , times Lewis was re- - r" I of the senate and house made up their minds to adjourn congress not later than June 15, they went to the White House and told the President the. proposed legislation to expedite the reorganization of railroads would have to be postponed to the next session. They agreed, however, to put through two other railway measures. One permits RFC loans to railroads without interstate commerce commission certification. The other establishes a special unemployment Insurance system for rail workers. Our Slump Worst A CCORDING to the monthly bulletin of the federal reserve board, the present business depression is more severe in the United States than in any other industrial country in the world. The manufacture of war materials in other countries was pointed out, however, as one of the principal supports to business activity, many other industries showing almost as poor results as in the Unit- ed States. Japan's Demands Rejected AMERICAN warships will remain river and will go to permit suspension of the rules to bring A the bill up in the nouse. i n e r u i e s to any place where Americans are This despite the de in danger. mands of Japan. Naval officials of Japan asked that all er Bankhead refused . J.L.Lewis committee of the house was overwhelmingly against this action. Lewis and some of his C. I. O. Senators to Aid Van Nuys lieutenants had boldly marched into C'REDERICK VAN NUYS. senior the speaker's office to make their senator from Indiana, is going to and Lewis had summoned demand, an run for as independbefore him in the congressmen ent because he was read out of the room, this arrogance arousing exDemocratic q.i party treme resentment When for opposing the Su-- been turned down a secondhe had time preme court and Lewis was enraged and threatened ; o e r r government at the polls. Calling re. bills. reprisal from ganlzation i porters 11 Now Democratic said to them: the press gallerv, he i senators have come "The action of the rules commit1 y to support forward tee is cowardly and pusillanimous. . . him and will speak "In a short time congress will adin his camDaicn. journ, and many of the members 7 The v nrp! will return to their districts seeking IV i jK ' A Bennett Champ support as friends of labor. We want to know how good a friend Senator Burton K. Wheeler. they are before we give them our ian Nuys Montana; Josiah W. support." North S. Carolina; Bailey, Royal Copeland, New York; Harry Flood C. O'Maho- - Great Floods in China Byrd, Virginia; Joseph ney, Wyoming; Edward R. Burke, nOURING through broken dikes, the waters of the Yellow river Nebraska; Tom Connally, Texas; Peter G. Gerry, Rhode Island; Mil- inundated many hundreds of square lard E. Tydings, Maryland, and Guy miles In central China. In the first two or three days of the great flood M. Gillette, Iowa. it was estimated 150,000 Chinese Joining with them are two Republican senator. William E. Borah of were drowned and several times as Idaho and Arthur H. Vandenburg of many rendered homeless. Millions of others were threatened by the Michigan. swirling waters. The fate of thousands of Japanese soldiers in the Bill Now Law Wags area was not known but It was legislation. WAGE-HOUmany of them must have thought of the Presidenfs soperished. cial reform program, was put Far from the war Bnd flood fronts, through congress In modified form the Shanghai municipal council ofjust before adjournment The con- ficially declared cholera to be epiference committee compromise was demic in Shanghai. In the city's accepted by the house 210 to 89. hospitals there were 123 cases, 73 About half the Republican mem- of them originating in bers gave in and voted for the measareas. In the Yangtze river valley J.ipa-r,ep- r ure, but 43 of t'.em and 41 Democrats were recorded against it. con'intied tiuir drive by l.md This act, approved by organized and by gtltibr.at against ilai:kow. ft' Healing Party Rifts 'TpHOUGH it was believed Tommy Corcoran and his "eliminating committee" would continue the efforts to "purge" the Democratic party of opponents UllltJPWJM.WilMlfc administration of policies, the President himself undertook to repair some of the breaks in the party ranks. For instance, he invited Senator Gillette, victor in the Iowa primary, to the White House where they took off their coats, ate luncheon togeth Gov. Lehman er and, according to reports planned common action against the Republican enemy in November Also, it was disclosed, Mr. Roose velt had sent word to the New York Democrats that the renomina-tioof Governor Lehman would b acceptable to him. He has not liked Lehman since the governor came out against the court packing bill There had been a plan to run Lehman for senator and Wagner foi governor, but this switch presumably is now out. when Speak- - buffed i f . foreign-administere- d t'H 'S foreign warships leave the Yangtze river area between Wuhu and Kiukiang because the invaders were about to start an offensive toward Hankow, provisional Chinese canttal. Rut Artml. Admiral ral Harry E.Yarnell, Harry larncl! commander of the United States Asiatic fleet rejected Furtherthe demand sharply. more, he at once planned an inspection trip up the Yangtze and through the war zone, and he did not ask Japan's permission. These three "principles" of Amer ican naval operations in Asiatic waters were set forth by Admiral Yar-nc- ll in his note to the Japanese: The United State navy will re tain complete freedom of movement on the Yangtze, and will proceed to any place where Americans are In danger. The American command will not change the color of its warships, which are painted white, to conform to any color scheme suggested by the Japanese. The United States does not regard the warning of Japanese naval officials relative to the Yangtze as relieving the Japanese "in the slight est dfgrce of responsibility for damage or injury to United States warships. I iisiiT- Famous International Settlement C.-- Washington, the leaders Y7'HEN " i Eight Army Flyers Die e LTGHT army airmen from field in Illinois were caught in a storm, lost one wing of their big bomber and crashed in a farm field near Delavan. III. All of them were killed and the tanks burst into fi.irr.e. Three of the Victims were commissioned ofnorrs. Cha-nut- , Huge, Picturesque Shanghai and Its Geographic Society, Prepared by National Service. D. Railway Aid Postponed Here Japanese soldiers with fixed bayonets are seen rushing a Chinese position in a part of Suchow which the Japanese artillery bad reduced to flaming ruins. There, as elsewhere, the defenders practically destroyed the city before retreating. Shanghai's Skyline From the Race Track. WHILE the major Japanese forces have raged of late in the northeast province of Shantung, Shanghai still has reminders of the conflict which swept through the city last Chinese year. In accordance with arrangements of long standing between the Chinese and foreign governments, the latter maintain units of their troops at several points in China, one of the most important of these being the International Settlement in Shanghai. Excepting occasional stately junks with eyes painted on either side of the high bow to enable them to "see their way," there is little to suggest the Orient on the way up the Whang-po- o river in Shanghai Before the dock is reached, however, China obtrudes itself upon the sight and Its odors penetrate the nostrils. From a downstream wharf It Is a half hour's ride in a tender to the customs jetty in the city. Wharves, warehouses, and factories line the shores. Immediately beyond the Japanese docks in Hongkew appears the. curve of water front upon which three consulates now stand. Beyond lies the mouth of Soochow creek, the crowded stream which meanders tortuously through the city. It bristles with the floating homes of innumerable Chinese Chinese who are born, live their entire lives, and die on the sampans which huddle together in its murky water. Babies, toddling too near the gunwales, sometimes topple in, and, having been fished out, are set casually to dry. Water dipped up over the side is used by the women for cooking rice and vegetables; clothes are washed in it; and it imparts that certain flavor to tea. A sampan gaily pavilioned and festooned in red indicates that a wedding will soon take place. English Had First Foothold There. Great Britain was the first of all the nations which now have such valuable commercial interests in the city "above the sea" to recognize the vast potentialities of the little fishing hamlet on the muddy shores of the Whangpoo. In 1842, emerging victorious from the "Opium war," she concluded with China the Treaty of Nanking by which Shanghai and four other coastal cities were established as treaty ports. Within two years the United States and France, realizing that Shanghai's geographical position made it the natural outlet for products of the rich Yangtze river valley, followed suit and signed trade pacts with China. Ninety-siyears ago, when the foreigners first obtained areas for settlement land on the water front brought only $200 (Mex.) an acre. By 1935 an acre of Bundside property was valued at more than four millions. An amazing variety of traffic throngs the Bund, that splendid waterfront boulevard which is the center of Shanghai's bustling activity. Fine Buildings on the Band. Imposing buildings, reminiscent of London, line the Bund; banks, business houses, newspaper offices, clubs. The conveyances of the East rickshas, handcarts, and wheelbarrows, bearing an unbelievable variety of loads, make way for lumbering double-decke- d buses, trams, and sleek foreign cars. The Chinese have proved remarkably adaptable In adjusting them-kclvto contact with English-pciktn- g nations. They have adopted automobiles, foreign clothes, and gulf. The natves of the ports have evolved a bizarre cech based on English with which satisfac-..ril- y ,4iey trtii communicate w'.h the stranger. S.nce the average occidental resl-.eof Shanghai will not take the rouble tj learn the local dialect lie it j lives used pidgin, or "business r.nKi.ih." In fact, two Chinese from different provinces often resort to this jargon, for each is almost sure to have d Ticulty in un- derila tiding the dialect of the other. x ts ,tt, .n-dt- nt In pidgin Lr,glih one word often dots duly for three or four. Thus "n.y" signifies also "I. me. mine" and their plural forms. "My no savvy," of course, means "I do not understand." "What thing have got?" is to say "What have you?" When the supply of butter is exhausted your cook will come to you with the complaint, "Butter have finish, mlssle." There Is the tradition of "face" which governs the duties of each employee within Ironbound limits. Your cook will not mix cocktails. He leaves this to the number one boy, who, In turn will not clean shoes or run errands. These tasks are the coolie's "pidgin." The wise foreigner does not attempt to change customs which have existed for centuries. Chinese servants are justly famous. As a class they are unsurpassed In loya, Industry, patience and cheerfulness. They sometimes wonder at the strange customs of the foreigner, but they bear with him. Night Life In the City. Even during "trouble" the famous night life of this cosmopolitan city of Asia continues with vigor. At such times private entertaining is somewhat curtailed. Pity the poor hostess whose guests have been caught by the curfew and who has them on her hands until dawn! Hotels and night clubs offer th usual diversions, crofitin hv the in creased trade which results from the enforced stay of those who are At such caught by the curfew. times, as well as under normal conditions, the conservative old Palace hotel on the Bund and the Cathay, its counterpart across the street present pictures of gaiety at cocktail time. The bar at the Cercle Sportif Francais, the popular sports' club in the French Concession, is noisy with sprightly conversation in a half dozen languages. Chinese boys in long white gowns, their black pantaloons bound tightly about the ankles, move silently through the crowd with chits and laden trays. The Cathay hotel offers diverse amusement The glittering shops in its arcade are stocked with Peking rugs. Jewel jade, silks, and curios. For swank one dines in its grill under the lofty black pyramid which surmounts its root The orchestra which plays In its ballroom pleases even blase American tourists, and imported singers and dancers entertain the guests. Chinese dance halls have opened in large numbers in the last two or three years. The native musician has not yet become a master of American syncopation, and the orchestras are usually Russian. A modern young Chinese in foreign clothes, complete with hornrimmed classes and brilliantined hair, executes elaborate steps with nis sienaer, narrow-eye- d companion. She is gowned in brocade, dainty, exquisite. Sometimes as she sits sipping her drink, she renews her make-u- p with the contents of a compact. Until well Into the Twentieth century Chinese women of the better class were not seen in public. When they did leave their homes, it was only in sedan chairs, concealed from, the eyes of the world. With the influx of Western ideas of women's freedom the Chinese woman g, emerged from her isolation. possibly an expedient for keeping women at home, not only went out of fashion but became illegal. Women Go Tart Way Modern. The transition period had its amusing aspects. Today the emancipated Chinese woman has her hair permanently waved, amokes. works in offices, frequents night clubs, and drives a car if she has a mind to. But with all her modern Ideas she still is reluctant to adopt foreign dress. She wears silk lockings, discards her flat embroidered satin slippers for uncomfortable spike-beele-d shoes, but she resolutely clings to her long gown with its stiff, high collar and straight lines. Tha gown may be split to the knea as art modish gowns in tha Western world when tha designers so decide, but her modesty still forbids her to expose her throat Tha majority of Chinese shops flaunt gay red banners bearing in gold characters the description of goods carried within or announcements of bargains. These banners have almost entirely disappeared from Nanking road, but they hang in profusion the full length of toe congested cross streets in the heart of the city. te high-necke- d Foot-bindin- |