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Show PACE TWO TOE News Review of Current Events the World Over Revolutionary Movement Threatens Macliado's Regime in Cuba German Reich Saved by Defeat of Radicals. Dy EDWARD W. PICKARD rjR R A R D O "But In this case certain Machado, president of Cuba, not long ago scoffed at the danger of revolution In his tight I --' ISut little island. fat maVV-J? the threat has : ' x terialized In a way $ to make Mm alt up and take notice. Rebels in various regions staged Machado Dreak, that alarmed the government and martial law was declared in the effort to stave off civil war. Machado and his cabinet ministers conferred with military and civic advisers, and the martial resources of the republic were hastily mobilized. Troops were sent to the troubled areas and an effort was made to improvise a navy by commandeering private yachts a,nd arming them with eights- . 4 A out-Pre- adjust- ments must be made, as complete suspension of these payments might result In suspension of certain classes of payments to individuals. Accordingly, the committee agreed In principle that all payments of funds A and B' under the agreement signed at Paris on Anrii 20. 19.'!0, should be continued during the Hoover year. "Negotiations are continuing In regard to adjustments required In tue case of Bulgaria. of the fourteen cotton p LANTERS states of the South .are asked by the farm board to plow under of their crop Immediately, one-thir- d In order to enhance the price of the The board sent qther telegrams to the governors of the states urging that this course be adopted. In return, said the board, the cotton stabilization cornorntion will agree to hold off the market Its een powI guns. MeanwbUothe authorities were 1,300,000 bales until Julv 31. 1932 the known and sus- and will urge the cotton gathering.0 pected rebc?Pthey could catch and tives financed by the board to do putting them in Jail. Hundreds likewise. were arrested and charged with DWARD A. O'NEAL, president treason. Former President Meno-cand Colonel Men diet a were cred01 me American rami uureau ited with the leadership of the re- federation, announced at a meeting volt and especial efforts were made or state rarm bureau leaders in Mito get them, but at this writing they lwaukee that the federation "must are still at large. The most ac- renew Its demand for an equalizative of were In the prov- tion fee" and that the present mar ince of Pinnr del Rio, and It was keting act was Inadequate to cope reported to President Machado that wun agricultures "most acute prob they, with Gen. Balderno Acosta, Iem control of its surplus crons. mayor of Mariano, as leader, were The announcement was said to be preparing an Invasion of Havana unexpected by the farm board offin Indeed, there were sev- icials and the administration province. eral aancjLarrfry skirmishes only a Washington. "The federation has always stood .tflsttrrtTps from the capital, which was Isolated by the cutting of com for the principle of the equalization fee, as expressed In the old munications. Col. Julio Sangully, chief of the bill, which provides army flying corpi, ordered every that each unit of a commodity proavailable plane to keep on constant duced shall bear its fair share of patrol along the north const, espe- the cost of disposal of surplus," cially In Pinnr del Rio, and for O'Neal said. several miles out at sea, in search f both Cuban and foreign organ D ROB ABLY to his ized filibustering expeditions. Sevown surprise, eral craft that attempted to escape quite a vigorous the navy patrol ships were bombed though small boom nus developed for by the flyers. j !a ' Late reports said Menocal, Men Melvin A. Travlor. dleta and others were on a yacht Chicago banker, as the Democratic making their way to Chnparra. Orient province, where Menocal nominee for the has a large number of followers, lie Presidency In 1931. was at one time manager of the It was started In Malone and Hills-borChapnrra sugar mills, the largest in the world. M. A. Traylor. Texas, where Mr. Travlor former. Headquarters of the revolutionists have been opened in New York Iy lived and where he Is most pop and nre In charge of Dr. Domingo ular. 'Ihen, a few days later, DanMendez Capote, who says he Is the iel Upthegrove, president of the St. "chief delegate of the rebels' organ- Louis Southwestern railroad, anization in this country. He was vice nounced that he would support the president after the war of Independ- banker for the nomination, and that ence and has had a distinguished a committee was being formed to career. further Trayior's candidacy. It Is not likely that Mr. Traylor takes J? OR the time being, at least, the the matter seriously except as a German republic is safe, for the compliment, but those who know him latest attempt to wreck it has and his abilities feel that the Demofailed. This was the move to dis- cratic party might CO further nnrl solve the Prussian diet through fare worse. He is president of thp plebiclte, which. If It had succeeded, First National bank of Chicago and would have imperiled the reich. has been prominent In national and The scheme was devised by the Hit- International financial affairs. lerites or Nationalists, and that ther set of radicals, the Com- CHARPLY criticizing "third de- munists, joined with them, although gree" methods in police force adtheir ultimate alms are utterly di- ministration, which is found to be verse. Cut even with the aid of the widespread In both cities and rural National Socialists the combination communities, the Wlckershara comfell some 3,500,000 votes short of mission reported to President Hoover that "it remains beyond doubt accomplishing Its purpose. that the practice is shocking In its The French government was as pleased by the result of character and extent, violative of the German plebiclte as was that In American traditions and instituBerlin, for It meant thnt the grow- tions, and not to be tolerated. Citing many Instnnces of nnlfrp ing accord between the two nations would not be broken, and it was brutality and unfair tactics by offsaid In Paris that the proposed icers, the commission declared that visit of Premier Laval to Berlin was the trend toward "lawlessness in now a certainty. law enforcement" had resulted In "n deplorable prostration of the nrnc. INTERNATIONAL experts charged esses of Justice," and urged that with the task of dovetailing the congress enact a code of federal Hoover moratorium plan and the criminal procedure which mtirhr Young plan announced in London serve as a model for the states. that they had reached a complete agreement, which was signed at the C ENATOR FELIX II e b e r t of treasury office. Their communique said : Rhode Island, chair "Complete agreement was reached, man of the senate as regards the detailed measures re committee on un quired to give effect to President employment, spent Hoover's proposal in case of pay- the week end at the ments by Germany under the Hague Rapldan camp and .;v; f then gave out, apagreement of January 20, 1930. " j "Recommendation of the experts parently as Presiin regard to suspension of these dent Hoover's payments have been approved by spokesman, an atthe governments of Australia, Can- tack on the Idea of Senator ada, Czechoslovakia, Greece, India, a government dole Hebert New Zealand, Portugal, Rumania and federal unemand South Africa. He asserted ployment insurance. "Agreement also was reached In that the latter would inevitably lead regard to detailed measures for sus- to the dole as It operates In Engpension of Interallied war debts to land. Mr. Hebert based his conthe United Kingdom, France and clusions upon a study of the dole Italy of payments under agreement abroad made during a trip from which he recently returned. He viswith Czechoslovakia. "Agreement also was reached on ited most of the countries of westthe principle that payments due by ern Europe for the special purpose Hungary under the Paris agreement of Investigating unemployment inof April 23, 1930, and payments by surance, end he predicts now that Bulgaria under the Hague agree- there will be little clamor in conment of January 20, 1930, should be gress for the establishment of such suspended during the year ending a system. He said of the dole: "The main difficulty with the dole June 30, 1032. two-third- al the-rebel- " ' l&flli NEPIII, UTAH TIMES-NEW- Thursday, August 20, 1931 system, as It operates throughout Europe, wltb the possible exception of Italy, Is that it is Intertwined wltb politics." QRGANIZED labor in certain parts of this country is not do- ing much to help solve the question of unemployment. Quite the reverse. Take the Hoover dana, for Instance. The workers on that big project made wage demands that construction company holding the contract contildered extortionate, so 125 men quit work. The superintendent Immediately shut down operations and about 1,000 men were thrown out of work. The company, he said, was six months ahead of schedule, and could afford to refuse concessions that would cost $2,000 dally or $3,000,000 during the seven years allowed for completion of the dam. Living conditions for the workers on this desert Job are admittedly rigorous. In Chicago thousands of men and women were thrown out of employment when more than one hundred small movie theaters closed rather than submit longer to the demand of the motion picture operators' union that two operators be employed at each house. The managers said this was unnecessary and that they could not afford it. Extensive highway construction operations In Illinois are delayed and may not get under way before next spring, because labor organizations objected to the rulings of a state board as to the "prevailing wage" In various districts, which must be paid for the work according to the law authorizing it. These are only a few instances of the many that might be cited. It would seem to the ordinary citizen that organized labor might well strain a point or two in such a time of stress. tj?y CHAPTER XLVI I Continued. As General Koch and the oilier were not arriving until later. M. Clemenceau and I, driving together, accompanied by Generals Wlrbel and Kaguenrau In a separate auto mobile, went to the headquarters of the KiKlity-thln- l division. Major General Glenn commanding, which was billeted at Montlgny, not fur from Ciiuuinont. We fell to discussing the probable situation of the various allied countries and their relative standing after the war. M. Clemenceau went to some length In his conjectures. Thought Britain Finished. "Great Britain Is finished and In my opinion she has seen the zenith of her glory," he said. "What makes you think so, Mr. Prime Minister?" I asked. "First of ail." he replied, "the Immense drain of the war will make It Impossible for her to retain commercial supremacy, and, tecond, the experience of her A work. D RESIDENT HOOVER'S fifty seventh birthday came on Au gust 10, but he entirely disregarded the anniversary. Returning from the Rapldan camp, he spent the remain der of the day In work as usual, nnd though Mrs. Hoover had hurried back from Akron, there were no guests for dinner. rOL. LUKE LEA. Nashville pub Usher, his son, Luke Lea. Jr., and four others were Indicted by the grand Jury in Nashville on charges of conspiracy in connection with the affairs of the defunct Liberty Bank and Trust company. V T ELEGATES from nearly all were nresent when tho press congress of the world opened In Mexico City. Men nnd women from North and South America, Europe and the Orient were welcomed nt a reception given by Senator Don L.amnerto Hernandez, head of the federal district. The inaugural meeting was directed by Frank L. Martin, acting donn of the school of Journalism of the University of Missouri, and the guests were addressed by Dr. Don Jose Manuel Puig Cnsaurano, secretary of nubile education. The newspaper men of Mexico then gave the delegates a theater party, and next afternoon they were received at Chapultepec castle by President Ortiz Uubio. On Wednesday there was an excursion to the archeological excavations at San Juan Teotihuacan. and on Fri day the closing day of the congress, a great fiesta was held in the sta dium. Of course between these festive affairs the delegates transacted considerable business, much of It through their committees, nnd at the three general sessions some serious and thoughtful addresses were delivered. DARKER CRAMER, the aviator who was mapping out a northern air mail route to Europe, got as far as Lerwick In the Shetland Islands safely on his way to Copenhagen and then ran Into trouble that, It Is feared at this writing, resulted In his death. Colonel and Mrs. Lindbergh were held up at Point Harrow for three days by adverse weather conditions, and then took off for Nome. However, dense fogs compelled them to come down on the north const of the Seward peninsula about 73 miles from Nome, which Is ou the south const of that peninsula. When the fog lifted they went on to Safety bay, near Nome. . 1031. Western Ncwinapar Union. - 1 "TV 1 V rj&:4 of Gas. this war will make their people more Independent and she will lose her con- cooks e ' a ' part-tim- IE tlm AGeneral (Capyrlfbt, 1931, In all aaaatria by tha North AaaarU Nawpapa Alliaaaa. World riabta torluillnf tba aeaadiaavtaa. ttaproduetioa raaarfad, la whola a la part prohibited.) ,NU Barriea rTTT' 1 Jr TVIISS MARY AN- derson, head of the women's bureau of the Department of Labor, Is a woman of Ideas and the ability to express them. Having returned from Europe, she gives out an address urg- La miilimii j ing a modern era for and Mary a higher maids, Anderson status for domestic service In keeping with modern In dustrinlism. Her program includes the establishment of training schools to tit the worker to the position through the federal employment service, and an employee's life independent of the employer's . house hold. She thinks modern apartment living means not the eventual ex tinction of the worker In the home but added advantages for her. Miss Anderson also points out that apartment living must neces sarily give opportunity for much fi colonial Not Afraid troops In trol over them." I could not agree with Mr. view and said: "Mr. Prime Minister, I think you are mistaken about the British, and I believe we shall see them fully recover from the effects of the war." I asked: "What Continuing, abofit France' future?" "Ah! She will once more be the dominant power In Europe," he replied. CHAPTER XLVIII and completion Hospitalization of three corps headquarters and staff organizations occupied my attention the last week of June, 191S. Twelve of our divisions were then either in line or in reserve behind the French, five were in training in French areas and five were in training in rear of the liritish army. Of those with the French, seven were concentrated in s the vicinity of and Chateau-Thierry- , between the French front and Paris. The British seemed to think the French unduly nervous about the safety of Puris, and that Foch was hoi ling a greater proportion of American troops behind the French lines than necessary. They believed there was a strong probability of another attack against their front, and felt General Foch was not paying enough attention to their situation. However, they probably did not realize that a , and Thirty-eightregiments holding this front being forced back. The stubbornness of their resistance, however, broke up the attack a a whole, and the Germans retired to the north bank. On this occasion a single regiment of the Third division (Col. U.U. wrote McAlexnuder's Thirty-eighth- ) one of the most brilliant pages lrt our military annals. It prevented the crossing at certain points on Its front, while on either flank th Germans who had gained a footing pressed forward. Our men, firing In three directions, met the German attacks wltb counter-attack- s at critical points, and succeeded In throwing two German divisions t to get at the enemy In several Into complete confusion. engagements during 4he tryMen from three different enemy ing days of the divisions were captured by tha Third In the fighting of this day. CHAPTER XLIX By noon of the 10th the attack A number of our divisions were Its line came to a halt. against The Germans were stopped to the quite prepared to engage in any contemplated offensive and their east of Reims by Gouraud's Fourth location at the moment lent hope army with but slight gains, while for the early formation of one and to the southwest they got across probably two entire corps of Amer- the Marne and made some progress icans. toward Epemay. Llggett's First corps had taken Its Secplace In line July 4, with the CHAPTER U ond division (Harbord) relieved on The Germans had a preponder(EdTwenty-sixt10th the by the ance of 323,000 rifles March 21, wards), and a French division un- 1918, and although this number staff The der Its direction. corps bad decreased they still had a suhad been shaken down to the periority of about 200,000 May 27. routine of Its work and had become July 13 this was changed and the In every respect an efficient group, allies then had the superiority by performing Its functions with the the same number. In other words, confidence and precision worthy of the Germans were relatively worse the more experienced staffs of the off by 023,000 rifles in July than In allied armies. March. During an Inspection trip, July This was accounted for almost 12, to the headquarters of the First by the great Increase In entirely corps, I bad lunch with General the numbers of Americans. The Nanteuil-sur-MarnHarbord at French and British had not been where his division was resting. He able to add to their a told of marine In his division but, on the contrary, they strength, were bewho bad captured 75 German prising reduced faster than the Geroners singlehanded. mans. Germans Attack Aflaln. The German offensive south of Reims, July Referring again having been diary: Chaumont, Wednesday, July checked, the moment was favor17, 1918. able for an allied counter-offensivAnother German attack broke Monday. OurS The selection by the Germans of the Champagne sector and the ' part of the Twetv-eight- h eastern and southern faces of the and the Third, beca.9 on mi iraH .fT. TV.. I.... ivjarne pocket on which to make " theTroJenslve was fortunate for captured 600 attack'jtfuVr Advised Focb that the alllesTfts1 favored the counter,Kner8. fle Thirty-seconand Twenty-nint- h rattack already pTffmxtia divisions are available at We shall now see the reasoif"for' ouce. the concentration of several AmerFive other divisions have ican divisions southwest of Sols-son- s. been placed at his disposal. Some of them were availSituation yesterday more faable for use In the main counter-strok- e, vorable for allies. to be delivered by the General Bui lard assigned to Third French Tenth army under Mangin. to and General The American First and Second corps Wright ' Fifth. divisions were hastily assembled to The Intelligence services of all form the American Third corps unthe allied armies had been exerting der General Ballard. But his every endeavor to discover the ene- corps staff had not yet been fully my's plans, with the result that for organized and these divisions, by some days It appeared almost cer- his direction, under discretionary tain that his next move would be authority given by me, became a directed toward the southeast, on part of the French Twentieth the right and left of Reims. On corps, commanded by General the evening of July 14 a French Form Spearhead of Attack. raiding party from General Fourth army, then holding This corps then was composed of that part of the line Including these two divisions and the French Reims, luckily captured prisoners First Moroccan division, which had who confirmed this belief and who a fine reputation, and was assigned gave the exact hour fixed for the to the most important position in attack, which they said was to take the attack on the left center of the Tenth army. The three divisions place the following morning. ' Our Third division, still in line mentioned had the honor of being south of the Marne, faced the ene- the spearhead of the thrust against my between Janlgonne and the vulnerable flank of the salient. -Thierry, and the Twenty-sixth- , The line of advance ran eastward which, as we have seen, had re- over the commanding plateau Just lieved the Second, held a sector south of Solssona, and across the between Torcy and Vaux. Infantry main road leading from that place elements of the Twenty-eightwere to Chateau-Thierry- . south of the Marne, serving with The First had recently been r&, N IF, Ity John . Vcrshing ties properly It must he said that when the Germans swept over the (iieniln des Dumes to Chnteau-Thlerrthe French lost 4.0tX) beds Included In some of their best equipped hospitals. We had no hospitals on that front and with limited transportation found It dif ficult to supplement the scant French facilities. In fact, the situation as to hospital accommodations for our troops was about to reach a critical stage. In this connection a cable was actually submitted by Mr. Casper Whitney from the New York Tribune which was scathing in Its denunciation of our medical department. The censor Immediately informed the medical representatives at my headquarters, and General Ireland, the chief surgeon, requested an investigation, which was at once carried out by the chief of the Inspector-general'- s corps, General Brewster. Mr. Whitney was asked to be present at all the hearings, and when the actual facts were brought out, showing the efficiency of the medicaf'tlepartment, he was most apologetic and thereafter was an enthusiastic supporter of the wisdom of the censorship. The Fourth of July found me In ChaumonL The French peopls there never missed an opportunity to show their pleasure at having us in their midst and their appreciation of our aid to the cause. The principal ceremony of the day was a reception to the officers of my headquarters by the local French officials, both civic and military. and the prominent citizens at the I Hotel de Ville. This was an pi' gether delightful social gatl iSg, including a series of jruiiable .. .' speeches. The spirit of fraternity that prevailed marls' ft easy to respond. In fact, on this, as often on similar occasions, I found myself almost as enthusiastic as the French speaker, though perhaps less content with my effort. The allies elsewhere did not forget that It was our Independence day, and messages came from Clemenceau, Foch and Haig and many others from all over France, Yanks in Hamel Attack. Regardless of the distinct understanding that our troops behind the British front were there for training and were not to be used except In an emergency, the British made continuous effort to get them into their lines. They planned an attack by the Australians for the Fourth of July and requested MaJ. Gen. George Read, commander of the Second corps then still In training, to permit some of the troops of the Thirty-thirdivision to take part. At first the British suggested four companies, but later they wanted the number Increased to ten. As the use of Americans at this time y d hard-fough- Meuse-Argonn- e, h tov 15-1- forty-se- cond, d - Ber-doul- at Gou-raud- 's Chateau- Villers-Cotteret- e was contemplated this front should the occasion present itself. Corps Headquarters Organized. The First corps headquarters, organized in January under MaJ. Gen. Hunter Liggett, with Col. Malin Craig as chief of staff, had become a smoothly working macounter-offensiv- jr on chine ready for active service anywhere, but events had moved so swiftly there had been no oppor tunity for the assembly of divl sions. With the increasing size of our army it was evident that a greater number of divisions would be able to take part in operations at earlier dates than we had thought possible. Consequently, the organization of the Second, Third and Fourth corps headquarters was nt once completed. The Second corps, MaJ. Gen. George Head commanding, with Col. George Slmonds as chief of staff, and a limited number of staff officers, was charged with matters of administration and command pertaining to the divisions behind the British front. The Third corps, temporarily under MaJ. Gen. William M. Wright, Col. Alfred BJorn- stad. chief of staff, continued to supervise training divisions serv ing In the Vosges area. Ihe Fourth corps was temporarily under the corps chief of staff. Col. Stuart Ilelntzelmnn, with headquarters at Toul. By the actual constitution of these corps they were expected soon to become efficient enough to handle units In operations. French Hospitals Deficient. As to hospitals, when our troops became suddenly engaged In the Chateau-Thierrregion we had to rely largely upon the assistance of the Fremh to care for our wounded. Although they hnd given ue every assurance that hospital arrangements for those operations would be complete, and without (fucstlon did 'their hest. It was only through the mobile hospitals we had organized that we were able to give our casualties proper Attention. xtenuaflon in of the French fi'lnr to take care of our casual N Chateau-Thierr- C ofKVSV Ground gained by German Offensives May, June and July !9!8 HI May I 27-Ju- o 25 III July 1' - 50 Miles 1 to the rangement, naturally it did meet with my approval. Having learned that such a combined attack was planned, I spoke to Marshal Halg about it when 1 saw him in Paris July 3, and he entirely agreed with my point of view. It seems that General Read, afterward, in accordance with my instructions, told General Rawlinson that 1 did not want partly trained However, troops to participate. our troops had by this time become fully committed to It. Although the British chief of staff had consented to leave our troops out, when he learned from Rawlinson thnt It would compel them to defer the operation, he informed Read thnt no change could be made without orders from Field Marshal Haig, who, he said, could not be reached, and so the attack was carried out, as 1 learned the next day. The fact that General Read and his officers and men were keen to get into the battle went far to excuse him. It seems needless to add also thnt the splendid behavior of the troops In the operation was a decided argument In favor of leniency. This division also afterward displayed the same eagerness was directly contrary 6 llljunA.q-13- ne ar-n- ot the two French divisions on either side of the Third ; the entire Forty second occupied a support position behind Gouraud's front; the First division was north of Meaux, and the Second and Fourth were in re serve near Chateau-ThierrGerman The offensive wn launched on the early morning as 15, July expected, but it w met with a surprise barrage p down by General Gouraud's art lery half an hour before the stn The Germans' attack formatio were thrown Into confusion ad their force seriously weakened begin with. - By evening, than to tiie strong resistance tney e countered, the situation in that I mediate sector was not unf;iv. able. uur forty second became r relative gaged and sustained Its conduct on t heavy losses. first and succeeding days broug high praise from the French am i commaiiiier. Farther west t enemy crossed, the Marne, pei one place as far as fl lie struck our Third di' sion, which was posted along t river. In a determined attempt force a crossing between Mezy n' Varennca, and the flglitlna hernme Intense, some units of the Thirtieth tratlng ml!s. In lieve(V,r and, It J f w S 5- -f J I I. I |