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Show TIIK TIMES-NEW- Thursday, July 9, li NEPIU. UTAH S. April 15 I received letter from M. Clemenceau advising me that Mr. Lloyd George had approved the suggestion, and asked if I agreed, i replied la a personal note expressing my agreement subject to the continuation of President Wilson, which came by ths French. IEo dowry f tlm Aiivnvrtil (Copyright. 1431, la all acHaalrln bf lbs North A mart. M ftawapap World rlaht tnludiu Iba Hcandlnavias. Mprtxiuaf lun im bul or in pari prohibited.) Nil IWtlM Allia. rrvJ, CHAPTER XXXI Continued If the responsibility Hud oven mine 1 should not have hesitated a moment to put Into the battle any or nil of our Ave divisions then In France. The First was the only one used fur the time brine. the others being l :i I in ult't pueu to relieve two French divisions. As our divisions were more thun twice us large aft theirs It amounted to ulnioM Inimi'diiite of ten divisions. At the time of the Centum attack a hattnlton of the American Sixth regiment of engineers was on duty behind the British Fifth tinny, engaged In railway coiiKtrtictlou and repairs. These troops were given kit-tor- arms and participated with the British forces In the defensive operations until after the lines were li.hlllzed. CHAPTER XXXII Secretary of War linker went to London to discuss with the ISrlt-Isauthorities the prospects for additional shipping and also the general subject of munitions. While there he sent me the following March 2ft, l'.HS, embodying suggestions from the prime minister which showed the deep anxiety Of the British: "I have Just had a long talk with the prime minister, lie urges three proposals for your consideration, first, that our divisions In France be placed Immediately In line to relieve French divisions for service elsewhere, being quiet sectors chosen for troops with least train IF. I had finished Mr. Lloyd George came over to where I sat, took me by the hand and said: "I agree fully with General Pershing. This Is well put." After some further Informal dls- - tele-gru- Ing. "Second, that all available engl neer troops be taken from lines of communication work and sent to aid of British engineers prepnrlng positions tmck of present lines. It Is urged that suspension of our work would be but temporary and that the work suggested Is impera- tive. "Third, that Infantry be sent first of the entire six divisions to be transported by British In view of present acute needs of that army. No answer to the foregoing Is necessary until I see you tomorrow when we can discuss the suggestions fully." First Division Ordered Into Line. My diary notes the following: Chaumont, Friday, March 'JO, 1918. Held conference with the secretary of war and Gon-erBliss yesterday on Joint recommendations of military of the war representatives council. Left Paris this morning for Chaumont. At Petnin's request, the First division ordered to battle line, which Mr. Baker said people at home would enthusiastically approve. Mr. I'aul Cravath dined with ns this evening and, speaking of unity, favored placing control in the hands of a committee composed of Marshal Halg, General retain and myself. The situation had become so serious that the military representatives seemed to think It necessary to recommend that all previous plans for the shipment of American troops be disregarded and that nothing but Infantry and machine pun units be shipped until otherwise directed by the supreme war council. This they did in the form of a joint (or unanimous) note. which was. of course, approved by the supreme war council. I whs very much surprised at the attitude of General Bliss, our military representative with the council, as without his consent the joint note could not have been submitted to the council. When the Joint note was presented to Secretary Baker I pointed out to him and General Bliss that the proposal, if approved by the President, would place the disposition of American units entirely In the bands of the supreme war council and take them quite out of our even for training, and control, would without doubt destroy all possibility of our forming an American army. The secretary was as strongly opposed to any such outcome as I. and after some discussion he dictated his views In a cable to Presl dent Wilson explicitly recommending that the control of our forces should be retained by our and that the joint note be approved otily In that sense. Reply From Wilson. The message forwarding the Joint note with Mr. Baker's comment was answered by cable from Washington dated March 30, which stated : "The President concurs In the Joint note of the permanent miliof the sutary representatives preme war council In the sense in your No. 67 March 28, and wishes you to regard yourself authorized to decide questions of Immediate or replacement." It was thought that this statement, coming from the President, would check, at least for the time being, the demands of the allies that we provide units for building up their divisions, but their Insistence continued. The President's message was followed March SO by a cable from the department, which stated: "The recommendations of secretary of war to President . . . that preferential transportation be given to Amerlcar infantry and machine gun units ir present emergency un derstood and will be followed." It went on to say that these units Ground gamed by German Of fensi ve March2l-April5.l9- l8 O 25 50 Miles own, but that present plans should cussion, a draft of the resolution go no further than this. It was was submitted which omitted refmy purpose not to become too deep- erence to the American army. Now CHAPTER XXXIV that the supreme effort must be made on our part and when units were sorely needed for Immediate active service It was found, much to my surprise, that, clthough the divisions then coming to France had been under training for sJi months or even more. Ihey still contained a large percentage of untrained men. As already pointed out, the general staff, when called upon to provide men for special services, had relied upon taking them from combat divisions Instead of anticipating such requirements aid segregating these specialists from the start and training them as such. This was a most vicious application In time of war of a very objectionable practice that hud grown up In our army In time of peace. It appears that during the preparation of our armies In the World war no other plan was followed and the practice was carried to such an extent that divisions with, say 2o,000 men, which should have been held Intact and each one perfected as an organized team, were constantly culled upon to send large groups of their trained soldiers to other duties. Inspect Available Divisions. In view of their possible early employment I wanted especially to look into the general state of efficiency of our available divisions and give some personal Instructions about training. Going the rounds, I met General Hlrschauer, who was one of the able French generals, and found him very enthusiastic about the Second, which had been In line at Sommedieu under his command, confirming my own opinion formed from observation and He said that without reports. doubt It was then as efficient as any of his French divisions. The First was further advanced than any of the others and its morale was high at the prospect of going into the battle line. Recent developments had brought the question of the employment of American troops Into Immediate consideration. The President's qualified approval of the recommendation of the supreme war council, as embodied in joint note No. 18, was seized upon by the allies and construed as a concession for the unlimited absorption of our troops in their armies. No doubt my offer to General Foch lent encouragement to the allied view. Mr. Baker's visit to our armies during this critical period was fortuitous, as the problems that confronted us could then he seen In their true perspective. He had an opportunity to meet the allied leaders, both civil and military, and get in touch with conditions in the different countries. Of still greater importance, he saw with his own eyes the building of our organization. He was a keen observer, with clear understanding and a logical mind, and obtained In a short time an accurate conception of our task and Its involved In an agreement that Whereupon I called attention to make It impossible later to the oversight, saying: form our own Independent force "I think this resolution should under our own ollicers. Include the American army. The arrangement is to be in force, as I understand It, from now on, and CHAPTER XXXIII Secretary Baker and I had fre- the American army will soon be quently discussed the question of ready to function as such and a supreme allied commander, and should be Included as an entity like we were both ready to accept It In the British and French armies." "There Is no American army yet principle when proposed. In response to a notice from Pre- as such," General Petain interjectmier Clemenceau I went, April 3, ed, "as its units are either in trainto Beauvals to meet with the su- ing or are amalgamated with the preme war council. Arriving early. British and French." Colonel Boyd and I had to wait an Pershing Has U. S. Included. hour at the Hotel de Ville before "There may not be an American M. Clemencenu and Lloyd George army in force functioning now," I j came Into the conference room. replied, "but there soon will be, Marsha) Halg, Generals Foch, and I want this resolution to apply Sir Henry Wilson, Bliss, Wey-gan- to it when it becomes a fact. The and myself were the others American government is represented here at this conference and in participating. P.rlgadier General Spiers acted the war, and any action as to the ns Interpreter, and Lieut. Col. Sir supreme command that Includes Maurice Hankey, who usually ac the British and French armies companied Mr. Lloyd (Seorge, as re- should also include the American corder. The meeting was finnlly army." called to order by M. Clemenceau, The foregoing account of the who stated Its purpose, saying In conference may not be an exact rec- difficulties. substance : Before Mr. Baker sailed for ord of the language used, but It is "We have come together to settle given as my aid took it down. home I had sent him the letter a very simple question regarding The following resolution was quoted below, and, although we the functions of General Foch. I then read and adopted: later discussed its contents briefly, think we are all In agreement as "General Foch is charged by the it Is given as showing the reaction to the of allied action, British, French and American gov- of at least part of the British press but there Is some difference in the ernments with the of at the time: understanding of General Foch's the action of the allied armies on "April 5, 1918. Dear Mr. Secrepowers as conferred upon him at the western front; to this end there tary : I noticed the other day that the Doullens conference of March Is conferred on him all the power one of the British papers, in re2(i. General Foch will explain his necessary for Its effective realiza- ferring to the fact that plans had difficulties." tion. To the same end the British, been made to send American troops Foch Calls for Action. French and American governments to the assistance of the allies, statGeneral Foch then set forth confide In General Foch the strate- ed this would relieve the British briefly his situation, as follows: gic direction of military operations. of the necessity of depleting the "The powers conferred by the "The commanders In chief of the strength of the forces kept at home Doullens conference were limited to British. French and American for defensive purposes. of action between armies will exercise to the fullest the "This suggests to my mind a certhe allies. They were conferred extent the tactical direction of tain political phase of the British while the action was on. The pow- their armies. Rach commander In situation which may give us addier to has been con- chief will have the right to appeal tional explanation as to why Mr. strued to be limited to the time the : : allies were In action. Tluit was T,. March 25 at Doullens. Now we are at April 3. "Now that the two opposing armies are no longer in action but hnve stopped and are facing each other, there Is nothing to There should be authority to prepare for action and direct It. So we are right back where we were, and nothing can he done until an action starts again." Lloyd George Pleads for Unity. Mr. Lloyd George then entered the discussion, saying substantially: "We have had more than three years of this war and we have not had unity of action during thut time. During the last year we have had two kinds of strategy, one bj llaig and another by Petaln, both different, and nothing has been gained. The only tiling that was accomplished was by General when be was In supreme command. Salvation Army Lassies Handing Out Doughnuts. "General Foch is now empowered to the action of the allied armies, but this does not go to his government If In his opinion Lloyd George and Britishin representtheir apfur enough, as he has no authority his army is placed in danger by the atives are so urgent to control except by conferring instructions received from General peals for assistance from America.1 "Following this further, may with the respective commanders lu Foch." Allied Commander in Chief. suggest that you give the matter chief. He wants authority to preThe Idea of an allied commander serious thought? There Is so very pare for action. I think the resolution made at Doullens should be In chief had been suggested and much at stake for us that It seems to me very frank representations modified so that we may have a bet- discussed many times unofficially be made to the British govter understanding. I should like but for various reasons, political should to hear what General Bliss and and otherwise, it had never been ernment as to the urgency ef their General Pershing have to say." definitely adopted by the supreme puttingmanInto the army every pos-to that can be mustered war council. With the distrust sible Pershing Gives His Views. I then gave my view, which was that existed among the allies. " meet the immediate emergency. . . . (TO BE CONTINUED.! set forth In a brief memorandum was not easy to bring about the decomIn a cision of discusfavor In after the supreme pencil prepared Tiny Bit sion began, as follows: mander, and It was made possible There Is the story of the train "The principal of unity of com- only by the extreme emergency of thut hit the midget automobile and mand Is undoubtedly the correct the situation. I do The designation of General Foch then had to stop to let the en one for the allies to follow. alnot believe It Is possible to have as commander In chief of the gineer tone it taken out of bis eye New York Post. unity of action without a supreme lied armies In France was proposed ly would i Pe-tai- d New Cruiser Minneapolis of supreme command was settled the energies of the allied armies could be directed with maximum effect toward n common end. While dark days were still ahead, we were spared the rhugrln of Inefficiency through lack of teamwork. commander. We have already had experience enough In trying to coordinate the operations of the allied armies, without success. There has never been reui unity of action. between two "Such or three armies la Impossible no mutter who the commander In chief may he. P.ach commander In chief Is Interested In his own rmv and cannot get the other commander's point of view nor grasp the prob lem as a whole. I am In favor of a supreme commander and believe that the success of the allied cause depends upon It. "I think the necessary action should be taken by this council at once. 1 am In favor of conferring the supreme command upon Gen eral Foch." When the April 17. Once the question lohn . i'vrsliing pertaining to three division, the Third, Fifth and Seventy seventh, would be fcent at once, and those of three other divisions about May 1. Iteplylng April 3 to the department's cable, I emphasized that it was "not intended that our unit shall replace the losses of British or French organizations, hiiiI there fore our artillery should be held In readiness to follow when culled for," although It was possible that the situation might become "so serious that some of our Infantry units will be forced to serve with British temporarily." My Intentions were further lndl cated by saying; "Americans must not lose sight of the purpose to build up divisions and corps of their own." and also "we must avoid the tendency to Incorporate our Infantry Into British divisions where It will be used up and never relieved." My cable recommended that the Infantry of two divisions be sent by British shipping and two by our Beginning- - Work an J While hundreds of Interested spectators look on, Walter n. Newton of Minn, secretary to President Hoover, Is driving the first rivet in tho keel of the new 10,000-to- Minneapolis, cruiser Minneapolis. Assistant Secretury of the Navy Ernest Jahncke, Mayor Harry A. Mackey of treaty Philadelphia, and Admiral tsosiwicic, commandant or the Philadelphia navy yard, took part In the ceremony. The newest member to uucie ouius lamiiy or cruisers win cost approximately $o,uuu,ow, will have a speed of 32.7 knots and wlli be completed In October, 1933. n Monument to a Lost Plane and Its Crew " " un II in in n jim II Ul lHII n ill )! IK ji i.jni j I.11IH f '4 sr&r The memorial to Guilbeud and his companions, among them Koald Amundsen, erected at Caudebec-en-CauFrance, where they took off to fly to the relief of Nubile and his crew on the Italia and were lost In the Arctic ice. RETAINS HIS TITLE Night View of West Point From Air Y1 j ' 1 1:1 FT 'i:Mji ?. Vat: vm f. 4 I 1:4 1 Jul t&&-rJ- Miff m i 4 S George Dunlap, of Princeton, who successfully defended his title of international collegiate golf champion In the tournament at Olympia fields, Chicago. This remarkable view of the United States academy at West Point was made at night from an airplane byMilitary A, W. Stevens Capt. with 25 pounds of flashlight powder. Miss Arizona Defends Her Crown NEW HEAD OF K. T. itom.v,,Wim,,w wyn., ,, nay. ' - i r f 41 e. , s i 3 i . ; 'rt,j i?:ij gti t. via"-s- -, 4 vW'j.SSjf', ' j . 1 ' , tl inOhfil ......... m..t."Pt..: MB, MUg4 t International Perry W. Edwards, who was elected most eminent grand master of the Knights Templar at the triennial conclave In Minneapolis. Close up of "Miss Arizona," the undefeated champion horned toad Jumper, who was taken to Los Angeles to defend her crown in the national toad sweepstakes, a feature of the California Outdoor Ufa exposition. She la owned by Jack Bartlett |