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Show f t j TIIE LEHI SITN. LEIII UTAH Lovely Overtj, Television pens New Ira in Politics r Millions Will See and Hear National Conventions in '48 I, ...him. T. cflflM 1 i ;.;Doi r s tin By BAUKIIAGE News Analyst and Commentator. WASHINGTON. Reporting official Washington entered a new era with the opening of congressional committee hearings hear-ings on the aid-to-Europe program. The caucus room of the senate was crowded; a dozen members of the senate foreign relations committee were seated at one side of a long table, facing the spectators. Chairman Vandenberg was in the middle; at a small table opposite him sat the witnesses, Secretary of State Marshall Mar-shall and Undersecretary of State Lovett. The newsfolk (some 125 of them) packed several green baize-covered tables placed at right angles to the senators . The room was a glare of light. Powerful bulbs had been substituted for the ordinary r j . .- v.. ; X .-.v : ' f if . . . : Baukhage ones in the crystal crys-tal chandeliers. In addition, there were great klieg lights glaring down, and, before be-fore the hearings were over, more than one pair of sun glasses appeared. ap-peared. Secretary Marshall Mar-shall was tossing off the billions as J he stated the amounts needed for long range and short range recovery, interim emergency relief and medium range rehabilitation. "Two billion, six hundred and fifty-seven fifty-seven millions . . . five hundred and ninety-seven millions . . . five hundred hun-dred millions . . . one hundred and fifty millions. . . ." Pencils scratched, senatorial pencils pen-cils as well as reportoriaL "Then that would be one million mil-lion . . ." mused Vandenberg aloud, confused by the avalanche ava-lanche of digits. Everybody laughed. The mere thought of ONE million among all those ciphers seemed absurd. Now Senator Vandenberg is very meticulous about making statements state-ments concerning foreign policy. He never will agree to an ad libitum interview in-terview on the air, won't allow himself him-self to be quoted, except from a prepared pre-pared statement. The day after the "one million" remark, one of my colleagues was kidding him. "How did you like it, Senator," he asked, "When you mixed up millions mil-lions and billions, and it not only went out over the air, but also your adding and multiplying went out to ome 150,000 television spectators?" My friend expected the senator sena-tor to hit the ceiling. But quite the contrary. He was so pleased when he realized the number of people television had brought Into the caucus room to see and hear senators and witnesses discuss dis-cuss what Vandenberg considers consid-ers such at vital matter that he forgot his old prejudices. Television helped draw both the Republican and Democratic national na-tional political conventions to the city of Philadelphia. Television may have a very definite effect on the type of man and woman who will enter public life In the future, and it certainly will have its effect on reporting re-porting methods used in covering public events. Roger Clipp, general manager of Station WFIL and WFIL-TV was selected se-lected to sell to political committeemen committee-men the television advantages of Philadelphia, which is on the coaxial co-axial cable the highway that carries car-ries the images. It stretches from Washington up Into New England and west to Schenectady. Philadelphia'! advantage, said Clipp, is its central location which allows it to draw upon the pool of skilled television personnel located In the East and makes it easily accessible ac-cessible for hard-to-get equipment. He estimated that financing the Job will require $175,000 for both conventions. con-ventions. In addition to the regular station sta-tion coverage, television receivers receiv-ers and large screens will be placed in the basement of Convention Con-vention hall and in adjoining Commercial museum. In this way, all the party members who cannot find room In Convention Con-vention hall, plus about 25,000 spectators day, can be accommodated accom-modated close to the actual cene of activity. According to Clipp, coaxial cable and established relay links will tie together at least 14 stations in the East. In addition there will be a special, experimental East-to-West network of stations to carry into the Mid die west As he talked to politicos, Clipp tossed off a few impressive figures himself more than 68 million people peo-ple populate the area to be covered by televising the conventions. That many people add up to some 257 electoral votes, he added. This is in contrast to the situation in 1940 when the GOP convention in Philadelphia was covered by two video cameras whose pictures reached an audience of less than 10,000 viewers. Of course, not everybody hi every state where the coaxial cable stretches its length will be handy to a television set in June and July of '48, but we count four or five to a set ordinarily, and when a big show is on,. the spectators jump to 30 per set. More and more taverns, hotels and public places are installing television tele-vision sets. In fact, out in Chicago, some people became concerned when they found that children who otherwise wouldn't enter a tavern went in to see the televised baseball and football games. So they started a campaign to purchase television sets which could be installed in schools and Sunday school rooms. They charged a nickel or dime entrance en-trance fee until the set was paid for. Changing Technique! Mark Development They say the Washington correspondents, corre-spondents, as a result of all this televising, are getting "klieg eyes." Someone suggested that perhaps reporters re-porters will be televised right out of existence. They won't The telephone tele-phone didn't drive out the telegraph. Although the teletype has pretty much replaced the telegraph operator opera-tor (manual sender) somebody still has to write the messages. You always will have to have a reporter to strain the news through; yon can't deliver it completely in the raw. It takes a human brain, not ft machine, to interpret it. Already changes in the technique are developing. One, for instance, heard over the networks is unique in form, and television will improve it Perhaps you have listened to the excellent ex-cellent summary of the United Nations Na-tions in which you hear portions of the speeches of the delegates which were recorded when they were made and between them an announcer an-nouncer reading a prepared script and a commentator summarizing, explaining, interpreting. Now you will see, as well as hear, what goes on here, there and everywhere, Just as you did at the televised hearings referred to earlier. In order to do this job of summarizing sum-marizing and Interpreting, a man must be as thoroughly familiar fa-miliar with the subject matter as any reporter who writes an Important news story. He must have sufficient background and experience, enough general knowledge and specific Information Informa-tion to select the proper record? ed portions, to give them the weight they deserve and pick the salient points to be summarized. sum-marized. He will be a reporter or commentator, commen-tator, writing his story with his lips, picking out the "quotes" by pouring the stored-up soundwaves from the wax record or the wire recorder out through the spout of the microphone micro-phone onto the air. The profession is the same. Only the technique changes. President Truman imbibed some 1,260 calories on the first meatless Tuesday. But he'll probably need more on Thursdays. That's the 'day he meets with press and radio correspondents. cor-respondents. German Communists joined Nazis even before the Soviet alliance with Germany in the war. They may do the same now, and we'll have the old beef sandwich they used to talk about in Germany brown outside and red inside. People with high blood pressure usually suffer from "inhibited aggressive ag-gressive impulses," says Journal of Living. Which makes it easy to bet on what Stalin won't die of. n - vw. -tr. Awu,,' . . .r ' ... ,.... ""I Vtfww'.w. Lt,i J IT HAD TO COME . . . Sooner or later someone was bound to bring out a combination airplane and automobile, and this is Consolidated-Vultee's Consolidated-Vultee's first experimental model along that line. Wing and power plant are detachable from the automobile-type fuselage. NEWS REVIEW French Premier Quits; Marshall Hits Russians LALi Leon Blum DIVIDED: All France Ail Gaul is divided into three parts Communist, Socialist and DeGaul-list. DeGaul-list. Unable to make an Impression on the turbulent French scene, Premier Pre-mier Paul Rama- dier resigned his office of-fice in the face of widespread Communist Com-munist - inspired strikes and France's elder statesman Leon Blum was given giv-en a m'andate to form a new Socialist Social-ist government The situation in France had never been worse. It was touch and go, with the terrifying possibility of a civil war looming as a result of the present deep unrest Underlying cause of it all is France's prostrate economic condition condi-tion and the prospect of a cold, hungry hun-gry winter. Even if U. S. stopgap aid is rushed through immediately it will fall far short of being the oil needed to pour on the troubled waters. wa-ters. Superimposed on that situation were these political factors: IThe Socialist government, try- ing to pursue a moderate course, was being squeezed between the stronger Communists to the left and Gen. Charles De Gaulle's Rally of the French People on the extreme ex-treme right 2 The Communists, true to the teachings of Marx, were trying to foment revolution by instigating the paralyzing strikes after their legal and political methods to overthrow over-throw the government had failed. 3 General De Gaulle, seeking the governmental reins for himself, has said he would deal with the Communists Com-munists with a strong, authoritarian hand. De Gaulle is feared because he stands for totalitarianism. The real struggle for France is being be-ing waged between the Communists and DeGauile's followers. Moderate Socialism is simply caught in the middle. FED UP: With Russia To his Chicago audience, it sounded sound-ed as though U. S. Secretary of State George Marshall was full up to here with Russia's obtuse and exasperating exasperat-ing tactics in the field of international interna-tional relations. He made it clear that the state of active resentment of the Soviet Union, Un-ion, to which Americans have been goaded by the obstructionist actions of Russian leaders, can in no wise be interpreted as warmongering." Thus, Marshall charged Russia with blocking European recovery and waging a deliberate anti-American propaganda campaign. "It is time to call a halt to such inflammatory practices," he said. The U. S. refuses to "stand by and watch the disintegration of the international inter-national community to which we belong." be-long." It was one of the most angry denunciations de-nunciations yet made against Russia Rus-sia by a high U. S. official, and there was a distinct possibility that it was a reasonably accurate reflection reflec-tion of the temper of the times. Marshall's Mar-shall's Chicago address, added to all the other recent expressions of disgust (including President Tru- FOURTH ESTATE Editors Polled America's weekly newspaper editors, edi-tors, the still, small voices from the grass roots, would make Harold Har-old Stassen of Minnesota their personal per-sonal choice as the Republican presidential pres-idential candidate in 1948, according accord-ing to a straw poll conducted by Publishers' Auxiliary, newspaper publication devoted to the weekly field of journalism. At the same time, with laudable objectivity, the editors expressed their belief that Gov. Thomas E. Dewey of New York would be the one to receive the GOP bid. President Truman, as virtually the only conceivable Democratic candidate, was chosen by the editors edi-tors for that party's nomination. They also conceded overwhelmingly overwhelming-ly that the Democratic delegation would give him the nod at the national na-tional convention next year. Publishers' Auxiliary distributed 500 ballots to country weekly editors edi-tors in 48 states and tabulated the results on the basis of 218 completed com-pleted ballots, representing a 43.6 per cent return. Although the straw poll contacted a representative section of smalltown small-town editorial opinion, its results cannot be held entirely conclusive because of the unknown quantities present at the time it was conducted. conduct-ed. California's Gov. Earl Warren had not yet declared his candidacy for the Republican nomination, and the MacArthur sentiment was barely bare-ly a ripple. According to the election forecast section of the poll, 36.9 per cent of the editors believe President Truman Tru-man will be re-elected; 21.9 per cent think Dewey will be the next chief of state; 12.4 per cent favor Eisenhower; Eisen-hower; 9.5 per cent have confidence in Taft, and 5.4 per cent believe Stassen will be elected. Editors polled were predominantly predominant-ly Republican. A GOP candidate was named as personal choice by 66.7 per cent and a Democrat by 30 per. cent. man's) with Russian policy, indicated indi-cated that perhaps a U. S. ultimatum ultima-tum dealing with Soviet obstructionism obstruction-ism was not too far distant As a matter of fact a strong possibility pos-sibility existed that Marshall might make just such a stand at the London Lon-don conference of foreign ministers to discuss German and Austrian peace treaties. Awaiting the conference confer-ence with utmost seriousness, the secretary of state told hid Chicago listeners that: "It is my purpose to concentrate solely on finding an acceptable basis of agreement to terminate the present pres-ent tragic stalemate and to speed the advent of a new era of peace and hope, for Europe and the world." ATOMS AND AGRICULTURE Isotope To Help Farm Income Not only did the atomic bomb explosions ex-plosions at Hiroshima and Nagasaki reveal the presence of a new and terrible war weapon, but they also may have ushered in an era of greater progress and prosperity for the American farmer. Researchers at Oregon State college col-lege in Corvallis currently are conducting con-ducting experiments which they believe be-lieve may add millions of dollars worth of produce to the nation's yield in agricultural products. Key to that expanded production is the radioactive isotope, a by-product of nuclear fission, which is being be-ing used in experiments that reach into every field of natural science. But at Oegon State college and Washington State college at Pullman, Pull-man, major experimental emphasis is placed on agriculture. Investigation of the application of the atom to agriculture has been given impetus by the estimate of William W. Waymack, member of the atomic energy commission and Des Moines, Iowa, newspaper publisher, pub-lisher, that radioactive isotopes may be instrumental in increasing farm production in the U. S. by 240 million mil-lion dollars in one year. Over a period pe-riod of 10 years, such an increase would pay for the two billion dollars dol-lars spent on developing atomic energy during the war. Value of the isotope to agricultural agricul-tural research is similar to that in other fields of research. Its radioactivity radio-activity permits its use as a tracer through the organisms of plants and animals. Applied in fertilizers to the soil, its progress can be traced in the living plant, providing a medium me-dium for the understanding of plant life and nutrition never before available. avail-able. Several isotopes are being used to study soil chemistry of potash in the hope of finding more effective effec-tive ways of furnishing nutrition to crops. Another is being utilized to study the effects of application of lime to the soiL Still other areas of research may yield important knowledge on absorption by grain of phosphate and chlorine from the earth. delegate as going perhaps farther than is necessary at this tune. Mr. Vishinsky A rascally horse trade! GOVERNMENT ULTIMATUM Listen, little hen. If you plan on stayin' Around the coop yon Had better start layln'. A New York hotel will put television tele-vision in its rooms at a charge of $3 a day extra. After paying for a hotel room in New York these days, where do they get the idea anybody has $3? SUC1NG IT THIN One fellow who has never had to be urged to save chicken or turkey is the fellow who slices it for the delicatessen store sandwiches. HFSTTWOOK PEGLER The Communist Infection THROUGHOUT the wrangling over fhfifaCom-T fhfifaCom-T fight of congress to ask a i witoe.- whether he to aCgm munist, I have been aware that ""Jce ta the trials ernnscS actually means "Are you . "PJ comSee on un-American activM ' " Comm "ist pafty at the time of their estimony The Communist party is commonly be eved H ' 8 ihr.W2S S. -t it i. SVhoUev. the party should be Jovial condescension for our fears, "We are J'Tltk keep our political health and ignore such a little Section. arguing that it is a good thing to pick up a few germ i to our bodies The bugs are small and few, but that was so in Russia in 1917. It Ss been so8 .11 the other countries which the Moscow conspiracy ha. conquered. H. L PHILLIPS Soviet Delegate Objects Mr. Herschel Johnson Mr. Chairman. Chair-man. I desire to Dut a motion, some what early, recording this organization organiza-tion as wishing everybody a very merry Christmas and a happy New Year. Mr. Vishinsky I oppose any such motion as typical of the capitalistic mind and as another effort to impose im-pose the will of Wall street on the rest of the world. Mr. Johnson I had assumed that wishing the world a very merry Christmas and a happy New Year might be one thing on which we could all agree. Mr. Vishinsky You can't pull the wool over my eyes. A French Delegate Mr. Chairman, Chair-man, in a spirit of compromise it might serve the purpose if we eliminated elimi-nated the adjective "very" which I take it is objected to by the Soviet WALTER SHEAD Farm Program Delayed DESPITE the fact that price supports on many farm commodities expire December 31, 1948, there apparently is no inclination on the part of congress, or even in the farm organizations here, to hurry any long-range farm program. Although the house agricultural committee has held extensive hearings here and elsewhere throughout the country which developed almost as many ideas on the farm program as there were hearings, there appears to be no strong demand for action for several months to come. The concensus seems to be that with farm prices high, supplies short and demand strong, the thing to do is to let things slide for a while and let nature take its course. It may be that shortly before election time things may start p'oppin'. WALTER WINCHELL Lint From a Blue Serge Suit Izzit trne that the J. P. Morgan company has a lawsuit against the state of Pennsylvania for three bux??? . . . There have been many fights in a bar near 88th and Columbus Colum-bus avenue involving Russians (dwelling in the vicinity) and Americans. Ameri-cans. . . . Fergoodnessakes Dep't: Up-to-date dictionaries include "Communazi." . . . The Rooshyuns keep cussin' Americans for being capitalists. They'd be in an awful fix if we were paupers. . . . Al Bernie says his new six-weeks young daughter (Darleen) is wearing her dydees the new length. One of the things we didn't appreciate appreci-ate at the Washington H'wood probe was this: One film writer was asked if he ever VISITED a Communist. . . . What would that prove? Didn't the conservative President Truman visit the biggest Communist of all at Potsdam? Pots-dam? DREW PEARSON The Merry-Go-Round T: unification bill Harry Vaughan, has his way. Thfs t me S f, ? Maj Gen' guard with the army reserve. Vaughan i, Tgel,ot tte tional backstage. . . . White House Secretary Cha" lie ?UShing, merger the idea of running Clark OmSm f0 against GOP Sen. Forrest DormeU of Missouri Presiient Truman, fSrsszrsLT money' u m,ght carded mimeographed Tress rVl! T government uses dis-to dis-to make envelopes TtEZ a re fo 17 eovernmet reports gether in the form oTenveWs tTaH ta pasted most of our paper. Think of alT BS?,,,,ppUe" M With U. S. bureaus every day! P 8 release wasted by Paul Fitzpatrick, New York stat- n.n Franklin D. Roosevelt Jr to l S f8 chairman, tried to get Jack Javits next year. YoungFDR SET Uberal P4Bc his father's footsteps and run for th. v Stead' he wiU ioa to Actor Adolphe Menjou FJ&t?J? sena. house un-American activities committee Tl scene before the protected from libel for his stSenU S S"eea star is ley he made the mistake of repeating w f a committee hearing, but Two lawsuits now are beta! TU reste"an" WRIGHT PATTFMnn Tyrants Eventually Will Fall THROUGHOUT histoid - . . General Eisenhower (slated to start at Columbia university in mid-April) has requested a 60-day 60-day leave of absence, to begin the day he becomes prexy. This would cover through the Repub convention in June. Headline: "Economists Expect Mild Business Recession Will Begin Next Spring." Begin??? . . . Henry Wallace (after all) will stump for Mr. Truman ("better than any Republican"). Re-publican"). His advisors are working work-ing on the alibi Herbert Hoover hopes to snare John Hanes, former U. S. treasury undersecretary, for his government reorganization committee. com-mittee. . . . Execs on the Redaily (the Worker) are frantic about the steady circulation slump. Subscribers Sub-scribers apparently are worried about being seen buying a copy and advertisers in it being "marked"? THROUGHOUT history many peo. pie have attempted to bite off more than they could chew; have outgrown the capacity of their britches, and have had their ears slapped back for their presumption. Napoleon and Hitler were two notable nota-ble examples. Now James Caesar PetriHo. a would-be labor czar i. has done so much to make the mass s iouLTld'S P60ple cn-PetH,, cn-PetH,, 3 .!aS 01(5 Ponograph. Now -besViuiisar tte 1 'l-flnpnci fronted :t Canut' . voices , Vwaveb i and in toachini 1 billion5 J if you v. U yours L off wfc i ii far i .jest calar I tn tl Pretty OverbloJ A S handsome an over you'll see, and oc.: to brine you a wbohu . ments. 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