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Show THE LEII1 SUN, LEW, UTAH BSDBi President of the U. S. Has Biggest Job in the World By BAUKIIAGE News Analyst and Commentator. WNU Service, 1616 Eye Street, N.W., Washington, D. C. WASHINGTON, D. C.-Once more events bring up the so far unan swered problem. how can the I White House be put on a business The White House executive 9 offices are the headquarters of the biggest organization or-ganization In the world. The President Presi-dent of the United Unit-ed States is the head of this tremendous tre-mendous administrative admin-istrative set-up. Few people real Baukhage if ize the extent of his functions, most of which aren't even suggested in the constitution, and few laws define de-fine them. They have grown like Topsy. We are reminded of the scope of the presidential duties by Willard Kiplinger in his "Washington Is Like That" He points out that the President Pres-ident as leader of his party runs the party policies through the national na-tional committee. Some times the party line isn't working. You recall re-call the stew over meat? A meeting meet-ing of Democratic party leaders, at the moment when the President was preparing to announce at a news conference that he opposed removing remov-ing the controls on meat prices, passed a resolution asking Chairman Chair-man Hannegan to confer with administrative ad-ministrative officials concerning the removal of such controls. The President, as the top executive, execu-tive, heads the executive set-up and he appoints the men who run the executive machinery. He can't talk to each one every day. When there is friction a hot-box often develops. There are plenty of examples in history from Ickes and Wallace, back to Lincoln and Seward, and before. Chief Executive's Task Never Ends ( The President issues "executive ' orders" which someone has to write for him but which have the force of law and the President must see that they are properly Interpreted. In-terpreted. Again there is trouble if these decrees tread on congressional congression-al prerogatives. He has to get bills which he favors fa-vors passed. Frequently he writes the first drafts of such bills with the help of his legal advisors. He is expected,, if necessary, to "put the heat on" to get them through congress. con-gress. This means a lot of work In conference with congressional leaders on the phone and through his personal agents. A tactless agent can easily upset the applecart. apple-cart. Remember how Tommy Corcoran Cor-coran used to get under the skin of congress? Many others, well inten-tioned inten-tioned and otherwise, who came and went, might be named. , The President has to make up the budget, with the help of the budget director. If the director makes mistakes mis-takes or asks for too much or too little, it is the White House that takes the rap. This involves billions. He appoints the Justices of the Supreme Su-preme court and federal judges. A bad choice may be fatal, and yet one person can't know the personal history of every likely candidate. In this sense the President forms the legal thinking of his era. He is not only his own and his party's but also the nation's chief . publicity man. A slip of the tongue not only can lose an election, but also could start a war. If war comes, he has to run it, for the strategy in the field is based on broad objectives decided at home. It was by no means merely military mili-tary opinion which decided when and where the invasion of Europe took place. These are only a few of the things a President has to think about We have omitted mention of many minor mi-nor but time-consuming matters such as whether the architectural beauty of the White House shall be altered with a new wing, or where some visiting potentate shall sit at the table. All full of dynamite. It was the death of Woodrow Wilson Wil-son which brought the presidential workload to public attention. He died, as much from overwork as from his disappointment over repudiation repu-diation of the League of Nations. Serious study of the problem of furnishing fur-nishing a means to lighten the presidential presi-dential burden began shortly thereafter, there-after, but it was not until 1939 that a specific plan was drawn up and BARBS A Holland-American liner departed depart-ed recently with more than three and a half million eggs aboard-first aboard-first egg cargo of its size since shells ceased bursting. Government statisticians are leaving leav-ing Washington in hordes, says Business Week. Maybe the political situation is so hot they think there isn't safety in numbers. submitted to congress. Among other" oth-er" suggestions for various depart-mental depart-mental reorganizations, the plan created a presidential staff of "executive "ex-ecutive assistants." About all the public knows about this corps of assistants Is that they are supposed to possess a "passion for anonymity." The other thing about them, which isn't usually admitted, ad-mitted, is that they have never functioned func-tioned properly. That, at least, is the private opinion of one insider who has watched them come and go from the beginning. The reason is simple: People who expect a decision deci-sion on an important matter won't take it from anyone but the President Presi-dent himself. Must Keep Close Check on Aides A pitiful example of the breakdown break-down of the White House machinery was the recent Wallace ruckus. . , . The President never need have been placed in the position he was. It is not a President's job to read over every document submitted to him. No head of a business as big as the government would dream of trying to do that. But somebody should have read both the Wallace memorandum on foreign policy and the Wallace speech and apprised the President of what they contained and implied. Whether it is the President's Pres-ident's fault that he didn't have 1 properly experienced hired help, is another matter. That his hired help didn't function, caused the damage. An explanation, if not an excuse, has been offered in this case. The job of reading over public statements state-ments of administration members mem-bers to see that they didn't conflict was handled by the OWI during the war. Before that the White House machinery had always taken care of such matters. That machinery machin-ery had not been again set in motion mo-tion when OWI ceased to function. The fault was not that the President Presi-dent didn't prevent the Wallace-Byrnes Wallace-Byrnes clash, but that he was not prevented from preventing it. I can think of only one similar bad mistake made by President Roosevelt Roose-velt which parallels the Wallace mix-up and it was due to a similar but not the same cause. It involved the highly technical question of the public debt. An "assistant," supposed sup-posed to be an expert, furnished the figures on which the President based an important public statement. The eagle-eyed financial writers caught it The "expert" was called to account; ac-count; he furnished new figures, was w.-ong again and caught again. The President was forced to make a second public correction. The duties of a President are simply sim-ply too great for any one man. So Presidents have always had personal person-al advisors, some times they were given an office, some times they had no official title like Colonel House in the Wilson regime. Today To-day we hear little about presidential "administrative assistants" but we hear a great deal about a group of "advisors" who have failed to function func-tion properly in spite of the fact that unlike the executive assistants they lack authority. These advisors are too "close" to the President. And they have been criticized by other members of the administration for standing between department heads, the congressional and party leaders. They are all old, close, personal friends of the President. They are inexperienced in government. Whether President Truman's little circle of "cronies" has helped or hindered him is beside the question. No one can dispute the fact that they were chosen because of their loyalty rather than because of their experience. The question is whether wheth-er presidential duties, as they exist today, can be delegated even to a well-trained, highly capable staff. They can, is the answer, IF such a staff is not blocked by higher authorities au-thorities who, from motives of love, hate, politics, religion, temperament, tempera-ment, taste or previous condition of servitude, use suth authority, other oth-er than in the public good. When Oscar, pet seal of the California Cali-fornia Academy of Science, died, it was found that he had swallowed $7.54 in pennies, nickels and dimes, plus a Canadian penny and an amusement token. But it was the pennies which were fatal the zinc ones developed poison. A Russian engineer claims he has perfected ballbearings so small that 50,000 can be placed in a match box. But will that make it any easier to roll your own? by Baukhage Plenty of meat after the elections, says Chester Bowles. Will there be any gravy? And if so, for whom? Discords come from Russia, where critics claim Shostakovitch's ninth symphony doesn't follow the party lines. The point is that the counterpoint coun-terpoint is counter-revolutionary and some of the semi-demi-quavers quaver with reactionary overtones. WtcKLY NEWS ANALYSIS U. S. Moves to Free Economy; Paris Parley Ends in Dissent; Ask Reds to Settle lend-lease , Released by Western (RDITOR'S NOTE; Whrn opinion! are expressed n these column!, (hey art tho! ef Western Newspaper Union's analysts and not neeessarllr of this newspaper.) frfi i '. mtSXaMf 1 T i V . A Luxembourg palace was all lit up on the eve of adjournment of Paris peace conference but the weariness attending the 11 weeks of bitter bickering was Indicated by the slumber of the bartender on his stool (upper left) and the newspaper man at his desk (upper right). DECONTROL: Speeded Up Hundreds of non-essential Items were scheduled to be removed from price control as OPA moved to comply com-ply with President Truman's plans for -a speedy shift to a free economy. econ-omy. Whereas 52 per cent of the nation's economy was under regulation, regula-tion, the total was expected to be reduced to 40 per cent by the end of the year. Items basic to production or living liv-ing will continue to remain under control to keep the economy within balance. Included in this category are farm equipment, needed for output out-put of food and fibers; building materials ma-terials in widespread demand for housing; clothing; household appliances appli-ances and furniture. Removal of controls from livestock live-stock led to OPA decontrol of fats, oils and feeds. Because of the lifting lift-ing of ceilings on lards, OPA said it would be difficult to keep corn oil, cottonseed oil, peanut oil and soybean soy-bean oil under control. Free market mar-ket prices for livestock might lead to excessive use of cheap mixed feeds, OPA declared. See Hope for Soap Prospects for improved shipments of livestock following decontrol promised to relieve the critical soap shortage although a continued scarcity of copra from the Far East threatened to limit maximum production. pro-duction. Normally, so"ap consists of 50 to 70 per cent tallow or grease, obtained ob-tained from cattle and hogs, and 20 to 30 per cent coconut oil, derived de-rived from copra. Since experiencing a shortage of coconut oil, producers have been increasing in-creasing the amount of tallow and grease for soap. Heavier marketings mar-ketings of cattle and hogs thus would enable then to step up their production. Despite high production of coconut coco-nut oil in the Philippines, crippled grinding mills have been unable to turn out large volumes of copra. While cottonseed mills in the U. S. could crush the coconut, it was said that OPA ceilings were inadequate inade-quate to permit operations. PARIS: Grim Ending Secretary of State Byrnes made a final address about a "people's peace"; Molotov spoke of a "democratic "dem-ocratic peace," and Bevin prayed for a "lasting peace," but there seemed as yet to be no peace as the Paris conference ended in the ornate Luxembourg palace. Ten empty seats belonging to the Yugoslav delegation strongly attested attest-ed to the differences existing between be-tween the powerful western and eastern blocs. Complaining that decisions de-cisions had not been reached on the basis of existing facts, but rather in the interests of the nations commanding com-manding a majority, Yugoslavia preferred to remain away from the closing session. Yugoslavia's action pointed up Molotov's declaration that the newly new-ly established democratic Slav states would not be "dictated to" by the western powers. The Russian Rus-sian foreign minister had backed Yugoslavia's strong protests against the creation of a neutral governor for the key port of Trieste and rejection re-jection of Tito's claims to Italian border territory. Mar Duke's Happy Return For the first time since their historic his-toric marriage in a French chateau, the Duke of' Windsor took his wife, the former Wallace Warfield Simpson, Simp-son, back with him to England. Hardly had the couple settled down for a two-month sojourn in the country coun-try when a thief stole a million dollars dol-lars in jewels from the duchess while she was entertaining nobility. Included In-cluded in the booty were sapphires, rubies and diamonds. Newspapet Union ?4 a - . -, v - MEAT: In Offing If meat was slow in coming onto the market following decontrol of the industry, consumers could lick their chops for a big feast ahead. While housewives were sure to find increasing quantities of meat at market in the ensuing months, the chief effect of President Truman's The record number of livestock on farms and ranges was instrumental instrumen-tal in influencing the administration administra-tion to lift controls, Secretary of Agriculture Anderson told the llli-noise llli-noise Chamber of Commerce. Were the nation to suffer a drouth, the meat industry would be menaced with loss and disorganization, he said. As of last January, there were 40,900,000 beef cattle on farms and ranges, and with the recent rate of slaughter the number would have risen to 44,800,000 by the end of the year. decontrol will be to induce farmers to use their record supplies of feed to fatten cattle and hogs to prime beef and pork, experts said. In the meantime, farmers are ex pected to market suitable livestock now, with the high prices prevailing influencing the culling of cows, fat bulls and old canner cows, from breeding herds. While prices were expected to rocket with the first wave of buying, experts said they would level off once distribution channels were returned to normal or if consumer resistance was met. LEND-LEASE: Ask Russ to Settle In asking Russia to settle its lend lease account of $11,141,000,000, the state department reported that the action was taken in compliance with congressional , desires to speed up final liquidation of such obligations Settlement is expected to follow the pattern of previous arranee ments made with Britain and France, with the Reds paying only a percentage of the cost of the guns tanks, airplanes and other materi al sent during the war. In arriving at the final figure, the U. S. has always written off part of the debt owed in consideration of losses and casualties suffered in the common cause. In the case of the British and French, the U. S. extended credits for the purchase of surplus goods as part of the settlement, and the same privilege could be afforded the Russians. As it is, the U. S. advanced ad-vanced the Reds between 300 and 400 million dollars at the time of the cessation of lend-lease to Dermit them to obtain supplies ordered but : not yet delivered. Withdraw Czech Aid ' Possessing no inclination to be Uncle Sap, Uncle Sam withdrew a 40 million dollar credit to Czechoslovakia Czecho-slovakia and suspended negotiations for a 50 million dollar loan following follow-ing the Czechs' support of Russian charges at the Paris peace conference confer-ence that the U. S. was trying to i enslave Europe economically, i While Czech support of Red bait-i bait-i ing of the U. S. constituted the prin- cipal reason for the action, the state department also charged the Czechs ' with profiteering in the resale of : American surplus goods to Romania ; and stated that the Czechs were far ahead of other European countries coun-tries in postwar recovery. H? 1 1 1 1 ran TO, jlw-wr- wa I I. I 1 $ ' 1 5 ; H - INDIA: Strange Interlude It takes a big man to admit a mistake, as Mohandas K. Gandhi did In New Delhi, but it also takes a smart politician to cut the ground from under his opposition, as the Hindu leader also sought to do. Gandhi's double-edged action oc curred as his all-India congress par ty and the Moslems continued to fence for political advantage in the proposed New Indian government It was reported that Gandhi had carelessly endorsed a Moslem state ment claiming that their party was the sole representative of the Mos lems in contradiction to his own oft-repeated oft-repeated assertions that his Congress Con-gress party embraced all faiths. With Moslem leaders in posses sion of Gandhi's endorsement and in position to publicize it as a lever for obtaining wider representation in the new government the little Mahatma put on his sack-cloth and ashes in an attempt to head off his foes. Said he: "I feel impelled to tell you of an error committed by me. ... It may be that I am old and my brain is getting weak. ... I am telling you of this mistake in or der that you may learn a lesson from it and never be hasty or careless care-less in your actions. ..." AFL: For Americanism AFL delegates representing seven million members took a firm stand against Communism in their 65th convention in Chicago, proclaiming their devotion to a free, democratic government in opposition to "a godless god-less dictatorship seeking to subvert liberties won from previous tyrannies." tyran-nies." At the same time the AFL urged the government to continue a firm course against Russia, declaring appeasement ap-peasement would not halt the Reds' efforts to extend their domination over other countries. The U. S. plan for atomic energy control was deemed the only sound proposal for assuring against the production or use of nuclear power for war. Adoption of a resolution boosting per capita assessments on internationals interna-tionals was expected to yield the AFL an additional $400,000 annually annual-ly to support its year-round program. pro-gram. Fees were raised from 1 cents to 2 cents on the first 200,000 members of affiliated unions, with Vh cents charged on all members over 200,000. NUERNBERG: Slick Escape Nazis snickered as allied investigators investi-gators pressed a thorough inquiry into the spectacular suicide of Hermann Her-mann Goering, top German war criminal who escaped death by hanging in swallowing potassium cyanide shortly before the hour of his execution. Always a favorite with the Germans Ger-mans because of his rollicking, open-handed open-handed mannerisms, Goering appeared ap-peared to have salvaged some of his lost prestige by thwarting the For Hermann : Potassium Cyanide allied noose at the last minute. Whereas suicide is considered an act of cowardice in the U. S., Germans Ger-mans regard it as a means of redeeming! re-deeming! lost honor. Allied authorities wondered if Goering's dramatic demise would tend to take some of the sting out of the war crimes trials in the German mind. Despite the execution "of 10 other top Nazis, Goering's escape from the noose took on the effect of a subversion of allied justice. AGRICULTURE: Future Pattern Increased agricultural production in the face of uncertain demands threatens to pose another historic farm problem. Indicative of what may lie ahead, the department of agriculture re-imposed re-imposed production controls on potatoes po-tatoes following the bumper output of 1946. Despite a reluctance to restore regulation, the department acted to prevent the waste which accompanied the banner harvest this year. Until plans for increasing consumption con-sumption overseas and in the U. S. materialize, re-imposition of controls con-trols to prevent excessive production of various crops may develop. Re-duction Re-duction of some acreage, however, may be accompanied by shifts to the increase of other products like meats, milk, fruits and vegetables to provide a better balance in djets. -While stimulation of consumption in, the U. S. would require maintenance mainte-nance of good wages and perhaps even the payment of subsidies to low-income groups, big foreign demands de-mands for food hinge upon reduction of trade barriers and distribution to needy areas. POLLUTION: Ask U. S. Control Limited government control over water-pollution problems to provide cleaner waters in the United States was advocated by the Federation cf Sewage Works associations at the group's 19th annual convention in Toronto, To-ronto, Canada. International pollution authorities from all states in the U. S.. and from Canada, Britain and Argentina, Argen-tina, approved the resolution calling for federal control of U. S. pollution problems with limiting provisions. i - fm New York's Black Magic There is a vibrant hush along slda streets when midnight puts on Its negligee. ... The canyons ar packed tight with silence extending as far as the ear can reach. . . . Restless breezes hold & whispered tete-a-tete as they hum around corners. cor-ners. . . . Darkened windows ars jwhitewashed with moonshine, and !the luminous buildings stand like 'frozen ghosts. . . . Street lamps poke fingers of light through the ,'lnky night . '. . Stillness grips the 'atmosphere In a lover's embrace. . , . The sinister beauty of ebony silence prowls the streets searching for the dreams of poets. Central Park spills Its scenic treasure In the dark. . . . Fallen leaves frolic with balmy winds indulging in-dulging In their whackrobatics. . . . Trees drip with greenery. . . . Winding Wind-ing roads are disturbed only by the metallic gargle of passing cars. . . . Sometimes it's so quiet you can hear the castenets of crickets. crick-ets. . . . Spacious lawns are patches of natural beauty in the stone and steel landscape. . . . The surrounding skyline Is coated with moonglow Flashlights of patrol- lng park police turn on and off like giant fireflies. The Main Stem during the predawn pre-dawn hours settles down to a paralytic para-lytic pace. Its bonfire of activity has been quenched and only tiny flickers of energy remain. When the mazda display is snuffed out the street's shallow gayety vanishes like dreams. . . . The Grandest Canyon Can-yon is cushioned with calm while It patiently waits for the soundless crack of dawn. There are always humans haunting haunt-ing the town from midnight to sunrise. sun-rise. Many of them are rootless people, withering and waiting for zeros. . . . Many are sinful and shameless. Most are the homeless and the lonely, who have found life a continual war. The serenity of night seems to offer them a little peace. It's so quiet you can hear the crisp rustle of newspaper pages being be-ing turned. Or your car's motor purr. ... Night workers gaze through leaden-lidded orbs and swap empty stares. ... A gust of wind hefalds the approach of a bus or trolley as they wreck the wall of silence. . . . Cleaners sweep the littered pavements the swish-swish-swish of brooms and hose providing pro-viding an accompaniment for a symphony of boredom. Harlem usually is brimming with excitement That sector never stops to catch its breath. Some of its streets are as busy during the mid-dle-of-the-night as they are at noon. . . . Though Harlem is plagued by poverty, there are more amusement spots here than in any other part of town. . . . Trouble-makers pour from bars. . . . Police cars snake in. and out of the 28th precinct where 100,000 poverty-stricken people peo-ple are bunched in a square mile. Night-clubbers who swept into places like squirts of seltzer now exit with all the fizz taken out of them. . . . The doorman appears to be the only one whose face isn't smudged with fatigue. ... And there is always the glum sight of a lady lush looking as though she had stepped out of a nightmare. . . . People Peo-ple trying to clutch a little merriment merri-ment with noisy desperation. Throughout the night there are odd keddikters who are starring in their own tawdry sideshow. . . .Unfortunates .Un-fortunates taking an inventory of garbage cans, trying to find something some-thing that might be of value. The soft chill of early morning Is Ignored by lovers as they wrap themselves in the warmth of their romance. Here is Paradise in action. . . . Peace is here and life Is a waltz. Their personal fortress of blue skies and stars shuts out the grim headlines. Castles-in-the-air are furnished with bright hopes. . . . Whispers unfold the old but thrilling tale. ... In a world where hate, famine and violence are common disasters lovers engaged in a lingering goodnight In the quiet streets of a Big City represent rep-resent a miniature miracle. When the city is drowsy with dawn the sky is jubilant with vivid hues. . . . Stars fade and the rouged toes of sunrise start to pull themselves them-selves over the horizon. . . . This Is the serene instant when light and darkness wed. . . . The marriage marks the start of a priceless heritagethe heri-tagethe birth of a new day. Overheard at a Washington party: "We'll be at war within six months." ... The man who will deny that he said it was allegedly Major-General Groves, in charge of the Atomb! . . . FDR Jr. says that not one allied war veteran is helping make the peace at Paris. Most of those at the conference are over 60. . . . Prices may be going down in Wall St but they keep going up on Main St ... We asked Lord Beaverbrook: "Is there gbb.g to be another war?" ... 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CREOMULSION for Couzhs,Chest Colds, BronchiW k-SW so MUCH (Ml vain in rtMniK9..x ,-i M:IH-J:l.n.KMLlafl For Yon To Feel VeD i U hour erery day, Jl ! week, never atopping. the kidney Waste matter from the blood. If more people were aware of W i Wdneya must constantly reoi'r, plus fluid, excess acids and other j , matter that cannot stsy " ""iLir without injury to health, tbert."ai be better understanding ' id whole system is opset when loaner to function properly. Burning, scanty or too frwjn' cJ Hon sometimes warns that sonr Is wrong. Yon may suffer naggwf ache, headaches, dizziness. 'T pains, getting np at nigh. w yZZil Why not try Doen 3 & be nsing a medicine fecommeno country over. Doon's stimulate tw tion of the kidneys and help flush out poisonous waste r( blood. They contain nothing W-?" Get Dcan't today. Use with confid"- At all drug etorea. k ri Hi, -iThiiirfCtfm WNU-W jj5 |