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Show THE LEIII SUN, LEIII, UTAH Scientists for Unhampered Freedom in Research Work By BAUKIIAGE News Analyst end Commentator. WNU Service, 1G16 Eye Street, N.W., Washington, D. C. The bomb which leveled Hiroshima Hiroshi-ma and has since been echoing In the Pacific did something to congress con-gress that could not have been done before the explosion. explo-sion. It induced the senate to loosen the public purse strings to the extent of voting vot-ing to subsidize a national scientific research foundation. founda-tion. Scientists don't have many votes, so the persuasion couldn't have come by way of a ft . aAXS.J lobby. The public imagination had been stirred. Suddenly Sud-denly the layman realized that science sci-ence was a powerful factor In war. He realized too that perhaps men who could smash the atom and make it smash the enemy, might learn how to use the powers of the sleeping sleep-ing giant atomic energy for the good as well as the ill of mankind. At this writing congress has not completed action of the bill but probably will have done so by the time these lines are read. The idea of a national research program seemed very good to me. Therefore, There-fore, I was somewhat surprised to hear a pharmacological authority of my acquaintance say that passage of this legislation "would be as destructive de-structive in the field of science" as the bomb was in the midst of Hiroshima Hiro-shima and Nagasaki. He made the observation in a group, several of whom were scientists. His hearers appeared to echo his sentiments-sentiments sentiments-sentiments which I later learned he had set forth in the recent Bulletin of the American Association of University Uni-versity Professors. He (Dr. Theodore Theo-dore Koppanyi) said: "In an analysis anal-ysis of the bill, a basic wrong immediately im-mediately leaps to the eye. This is the assumption that scientific research re-search can be 'initiated' or 'prescribed 'pre-scribed for.' If this assumption could be grounded, the natural sequel se-quel to a national research foundation founda-tion would be federal foundations to 'initiate' and 'prescribe for' the composition of music, the painting of pictures, the writing of poems, and the establishment of social controls con-trols and education, for science is probably the most personal and individualistic in-dividualistic of all human endeavors. endeav-ors. No agency, however authorized and directed, can develop a national policy for scientific research." Difficult to Pass On Projects The theories and ways of thinking think-ing of scientists, Dr. Koppanyi explained ex-plained (and his colleagues agreed), are as diverse as the world Itself. "How can we set up a court with the power to pass on what is good and what is not good for science?" he asked, and then he turned to me with this question: "Would you approve ap-prove of having a member of your profession a commentator or news-writer news-writer appointed by a President of the United States, as head of a similarly sim-ilarly selected group of your colleagues col-leagues who were made privy to private government information, which was barred from other speakers speak-ers or writers?" Naturally I said: "No." (That would be the end of the freedom of the press and radio.) Then Dr. Koppanyi concluded: "You can spend a lot of money and get no return. But if you trust in human ingenuity, motivated by desire de-sire of public service, the love of science, recognition, and maybe selfish aims alike, you will have done more for basic science than you could ever do with billions of dollars dol-lars of federal money." Social Science Study Lags Spokesmen for the so-called social sciences (the study of people, of individuals and groups) were loud in criticizing the omission from the bill of provisions for research In this field. An engineer spoke for the social scientists in these words: "We've gone miles ahead In our study of in-aminate in-aminate things, in physics, chemistry chem-istry and the other sciences that deal with inorganic matter, compared com-pared to our advancement In the study of human beings why they act the way they do under given conditions, their relations to other Individuals and to groups, and the action of the groups in relation to each other." He spoke of the recent pogrom In r BARBS Russia apparently wants to win Germany's sympathy so that Germany Ger-many will yield more easily to Com-munization Com-munization later. But that's a big job, and the bear might find it had something by the tail that would wag It Russia has used the veto much as Senator O'Daniel and some of bis colleagues use the filibuster. Kielce, Poland, where the Jews were attacked and killed. It all started from a false rumor, a planted plant-ed rumor. The very same thing, the engineer pointed out, touched off the riots three years ago in Detroit. Those are known facts but there is very little public knowledge of what causes such action, how It can be prevented. Possession Is Law to Rusa Russian expropriation of Austrian property and her delaying tactics in setting of the peace conference date seem to be predicated on the theory: Why start any discussions of who gets what if you can operate on the old theory that possession is nine points of the law? Possession is an important factor. Take the recent experience of a Philadelphia horse. Around nj id-night id-night one night a horse walked into a residential district and began devouring de-vouring gardens of dahlias, morning-glories, snapdragons and other flowers. The infuriated householders household-ers tried to shoo the horse away, but he kicked at them and went right on expropriating the bourgeois blooms. However, in the good old American tradition, a policeman appeared ap-peared with a rope and lassoed the beast. He was removed to the police po-lice stables where he couldn't exercise a veto on this purely procedural pro-cedural process. This subversive tendency in the animal world was revealed in another an-other part of Philadelphia at about the same time. Returning from a week-end, householder and his family who had started a counter revolutionary campaign against what they thought to be a harmless mouse, found a large-sized rat in the trap they had set The rat with the trap attached as a minor Incumbrance Incum-brance went right after the family which climbed tables and chairs. This time when the cop came he felt aggressive warfare Justifiable and finished the rat with his reactionary reac-tionary night-stick. Congress' Work Is Never Done Congressmen invariably come to work January 14 brisk of step, bright of eye, confident they'll have all the bills passed, all the necessary business disposed of by July 1 at the latest, so they can go home to their fences. The old timers, of course, know they are Just kidding themselves. Business is never completed by July 1, though they work from sun to sun for, like woman's, congress' work is never done. Consequently, fishing trips, motor 3 aunts, and im portant electioneering have to be postponed while house and senate members labor In Washington heat to complete,last-minute legislation. This year, it was the OPAgony that fevered congressional brows late Into July. Debate was so furious, furi-ous, night sessions were so freauent that I wasn't surprised when I heard a man in the visitor's gallery of the capitol ask: "Why did they wait so long to get at the OPA bill? beems to me they always have a lot of stuff left to do at the end of a session that they could have taken up earlier. Do they always let it go so long that these closing days sound like a rowdy jam session?" I reported this remark to a man who knows Capitol Hill, as you and I know the short-cut home. "There are no Jams in congress. he answered as he inhaled another tablespoonful of the famous senate restaurant bean soup. "Not even on OPA?" I modestly needled. "No," he said, "but I'll, admit they came to a near-jam when they had to work like the dickens to get the bill to the President before the OPA expired. But they did get it to him (he was talking about the first OPA bill) and it was better than a lot of people had expected That was no Jam." "What is a jam then?" "What we used to have in the days of the lame-duck session," he came back promptly. "Then con gress had to adjourn on March 4 A one-man filibuster could stymie legislation up to midnight of March 4. and it would never be passed Then congress mieht act hastilv and perhaps unwisely, to meet its inexorable deadline." A jam, then, is when congress is forced to precipitate action, or to no action. That's a congressional opinion. I'd still like to hear what Harry xruman would deune as a congres sional jam-up. by D auhha ge According to the American maga iuie, new ions ana cnicago have yielded (dis) honors to the far west ern states which now top the crime record. Westward the course of . e - I understand that there is a new combination gasoline propelled lawn mower and hedge-trimmer. Now u it would only sit up with the baby we a gel a htu time oSL WEEKLY NEWS Record Grain Crops Promise Abundance of Feed and Bread; Pearl Harbor Report Clears F.D.R. Released by Western (EDITOR'S NOTE! When opinions are expressed la then columns, they are thoss et Western Newspaper Union's news analysts and not neeessarlly of this newspaper.) iZ fx t i ,fi" -f ( P -At--- npfeii---'-:;'" "' ( "n.MpJ ' ' v V ZiL'U KUu J lue luited Kingdom is enjoying one of its biggest baby booms In years with the town of Welling, England, possessing one of the most impressive records. Mothers are shown wheeling prams to one of the many child welfare clinic sub-stations set up to accommodate the overflow. With no less than 14,000 births expected in Welling and surrounding sur-rounding districts, the vicar has bad to organize mass baptisms to christen infants. CROPS: New Records Realization of the department of agriculture's forecast for a record-breaking record-breaking corn crop of 3,487,976,000 bushels in 1946 should help ease the serious feed shortage and encourage encour-age production of a substantial volume vol-ume of meat through the coming year. With weather throughout most of the corn belt described as favorable favor-able to ideal or perfect, the USDA crop reporting board increased its July 1 production estimate by 146,-S30.000 146,-S30.000 bushels by the middle of the month, with yields in Indiana and South Dakota boosted four bushels an acre; Illinois, Michigan and Minnesota, Min-nesota, three bushels; Ohio, Wisconsin, Wiscon-sin, Iowa, Missouri and Nebraska, two bushels; and Kentucky, one bushel. A record yield of 38.1 bush-els bush-els to the acre was predicted. Favorable weather also led the crop reporting board to forecast a record-setting harvest of 1,132,075,- 300 bushels of wheat, up 41,983,000 bushels from the July 1 estimate. Sigh production would afford some domestic users of substantial stocks of the bread grain while also en abling this country to meet continued contin-ued heavy shipments overseas. Although the estimated spring wheat crop of 266,610,000 bushels would fall below last year's, a bumper winter wheat harvest of 805,465,000 bushels promises to more than make up the deficit. RAILROADS: Rate Hearings Interstate Commerce commission hearings on the railroads' requests for a permanent 25 per cent increase in-crease in freight rates opened in Chicago, with the carriers asserting that the additional revenue was needed to offset increases in costs totaling two billion dollars yearly. Because of exceptions, the rate boosts sought would approximate anly 18 per cent, carriers said. Increases In-creases less than 25 per cent are being asked for cotton, citrus and other fresh fruits, iron ore, coal, stone, gravel and sand, vegetable oils, cane and beet sugar, cement brick and lime and other items. Declaring that the 25 per cent increase in-crease would have a disastrous effect ef-fect upon many individual industries, indus-tries, National Industrial Traffic league, representing 800,000 shippers, ship-pers, opposed the boost, favoring continuation of the present emergency emer-gency hike of 6 per cent. EYEGLASSES: Charge Kickbacks Charging that 5,000 eye doctors have been receiving rebates running into many millions of dollars each year on the sale of spectacles to patients, the department of justice filed two suits in federal district court in Chicago to stop the practice. prac-tice. One suit named the Bausch and Lomb Optical company of Rochester, Roches-ter, N. Y., its wholesale affiliates and 30 doctors, picked as representative represent-ative of the oculists obtaining the kickback. The other suit involved the American Optical company and 22 doctors. Between them, the two manufacturing concerns control about 80 per cent of prescription dispensaries for ophthalmic goods. The defendants were accused of fixing prices and violating the Sherman Sher-man anti-trust act through the companies' com-panies' practices of rebating ap- POLLUTION: Declaring that a very small minority mi-nority of the world's population has the assurance of safe, clean drinking drink-ing water. Dr. Thomas Parran, surgeon sur-geon general of the U. S. public health service, has stated that even in America probably one-half of the population drinks water of questionable question-able purity. He urged passage of the Mansfield bill directing programs for the elimination or reduction of pollution. ANALYSIS Newspaper Onion. proximately half of the total cost of patient's spectacles to the oculists. ocu-lists. The two suits listed kickbacks kick-backs of $585,226 during 1944 and 1945, with some doctors allegedly receiving as much as $40,000 a year in rebates. PEARL HARBOR: Fix Blame Climaxing 70 days of public hearings' hear-ings' and recording of more than 10 million words of testimony at a cost of $75,000, a majority of the congressional committee investigating investigat-ing the Pearl Harbor naval disaster placed primary responsibility upon Rear Adm. Husband Kimmel and Maj. Gen. Walter Short and absolved ab-solved the late President Roosevelt and his cabinet officers from blame. Headed by Senator Barkley (Dem., Ky.), the majority of six Democrats and two Republicans concluded: 1. While not guilty of dereliction derelic-tion of duty, Kimmel and Short erred in their judgment. 2. President Roosevelt and bis followers made every effort to avert war consistent with American honor and ultimate responsibility for the conflict rests witlj Japan. 3. Nothing in the records showed that Mr, Roosevelt or any other Washington official possessed information pointing toward an attack on Pearl Harbor. Har-bor. Senators Ferguson (Rep., Mich.) and Brewster (Rep., Maine) issued a vigorous minority report holding President Roosevelt Secretary of War Stimson, Secretary of the Navy Knox, Chief of Staff Marshall, Na. val Chief Stark and Assistant Chief of War Plans Gerow to blame for failure to prepare Pearl Harbor against attack. Kimmel and Short were charged with laxity in per forming their duties at the base. Declaring that Mr. Roosevelt had concluded by November 25, 1941,that war with Japan was inevitable, and received intercepted Nipponese cod' ed messages pointing to the immi nence of an attack, the minority said he should have seen to the application of an .all-out alert before December 7. ATOM COxNTROL: Argue Army Role To bouse and senate conferees went the job of ironing out differences differ-ences between the two chambers over granting the army an influen tial voice in legislation setting up an atomic control commission to guide nuclear development in the U. S. Although the senate muffled army influence, the house provided that at least one, but not more than two. army men shall be members of the board and another military man must head the division dealing with tne service s use of fissionable ma teriaL Further, the house author ized the army to manufacture the atom bomb. Aside from the differences over army participation in control plans, both houses were in agreement on establishment of a five-man com mission, with power to obtain all fissionable material; distribute such material for research and development develop-ment to such groups and individu als as it shall select; purchase ma terial outside the U. S., and issue licenses for production of atomic energy. To be appointed by the President the commission mem bers would need senate approval. Building Co-Op The nation's first co-operatively owned redevelopment project is un derway m New York City where nearly 600 families have -made down payments on apartment-units of a $7,000,000 housing project unaer me iNew xors uroan re development companies law, pub lic assistance is provided in the form of tax exemptions and mu nicipal acquisition of building sites J through power of eminent domain. PALESTINE: Explosive Issue Moderafe Jewish advocates for a national Jewish home in Palestine viewed the bombing of the King David Da-vid hotel in Jerusalem with apprehension appre-hension lest the outrage result in a stiffening of the already compromised compro-mised British attitude on the touchy issue. While Zionist groups throughout the world have pressed for recognition recog-nition of the Holy Land as a Jewish state, and Jewish groups within the country itself have been active in the cause, the British have proceeded pro-ceeded slowly for fear of offending the dominant Arab population of Palestine and the Near East. Because Be-cause the British command strategic strate-gic trade routes and oil fields in this region, it is to their interest to remain on friendly terms with the 33,000,000 Arabs residing thereabouts. there-abouts. Bombing of the King David hotel, with a heavy loss of life, was the most violent of all radical Jewish outbreaks following Britain's hedging hedg-ing on an Anglo-American commission's commis-sion's proposal for permitting limited lim-ited Jewish immigration in the Holy Land and affording Jews equal rights with the Arabs. BOLIVIA: New Regime Installation of a regime in Bolivia more to the liking of the democra cies loomed following the violent unseating of President Villarroel's government after a hectic week of rebellion during which the army's swing over to the revolutionaries decided the issue. U. S. relations with Villarroel were distant and cool, largely because be-cause capture of secret documents In Germany associated the presi dent and his chief followers with a plan to set up Naziism in Latin America. With students and labor leaders leading the uprising, the in creased cost of living, currency in flation, poor working conditions and suppression of civil liberties were cited as causes of the outbreak. On a continent noted for its im passioned politics, Villarroel suffered suf-fered rough treatment at the hands of a howling mob. Shot as he resisted re-sisted apprehension, his body was tossed to the crowd from a balcony and hung to a lamppost Thrown onto an army tank, it then was paraded through the streets of the Bolivian capital of La Paz. n the News ... Veteran of Guadalcanal, Guam, Pe- leliu and Saivan campaigns m the Pa cific, 20-year-old Henry . Donigan of Boston was denied a permit to carry a gun needed in his job as an armored car guard, the law specifically states that no one under 21 may receive a permit. www Many have teen the thrills experi enced by Gen. Dwight Eisenhower supreme commander oi Allied military forces in Europe during World War II 'Ike' Enjoys Big Day but when he landed a famed Wisconsin Wiscon-sin muskellunge (musky) on a fishing trip near Minocqua, Wis., he exclaimed Til never forget this day as long as I live. Two months ago, after Aunt Lizzie Devers of Sapulpa, Ofela- celebrated her 115th birthday anniversary with out making her usual statement that ain't never going to die," she was found dead on the floor near her bed. Born in Rome, Ga., in 1831, Mrs. Devers was brought out West as a child in a prairie schooner. She outlived nine husbands. CHINA: Warns V. S. Emerging from long semi-retire ment Mme. Sun Yat-sen, widow of China's famed revolutionary leader who headed the overthrow of the Manchu dynasty in 1911, warned the U. S. against being drawn into conflict with Russia in the Far East for benefit of Chinese reaction aries. Calling upon the U. S. to with draw support from Chiang Kai- shek's Nationalist forces, now en gaged in civil war with the Com munists, Mme. Sun declared: "The American people . . . must be told that the presence of U. S. armed forces on Chinese soil Is not strengthening peace and order. . . .' Mme. Sun's statement came even as Nationalists and Communists ex changed shots in the central sea coast area around Shanghai. With the Reds continuing their battle for a greater voice in unified government govern-ment and virtual control of the northern part of the country, they charged that the Nationalists were employing 400,000 troops in an effort ef-fort to subdue them in the latest fighting. The Nationalists claimed to have buried 20.C10 Communists after a blood ...., 1 along the Yangtze river. Stage Door: George Arliss made $640,000 In the U. S. That was his net estate, at any rate. Compare him with Wm. S. Hart . . . Arliss didn't bequeath a peso to any American charity not even to the Episcopal Actors Guild, of which he once was presi dent. Phooey. . . . Fred Hillebrand at 52 enters a local school of music. Five years ago, not knowing a note, be composed Negro Spiritual which was a smash hit. So he decided to write an opera. That explains ex-plains why he is going to a music school in a class with kids. . . . The reason author Michael Strange (pen name of an ex-Mrs. John Barry-more) Barry-more) isn't listed in the Social Register Reg-ister as Barrymore is this: Stage names are not listed. Barrymore's real name is Blythe. Two Little Girls In Blue: The lovely, blonde, middle-aged lady dispensing sodas at Nicholas' In Grand Central terminal was once one of Ziegfeld's most celebrated beauties. Her name is Doris Carlson. . . . Another beauty in the same Ziegfeld show gal department recently purchased 114 E. 40th street (near GCTermlnal) for $200,000. Her name: 'Polly Lax. The Washingtongue - waggers: Washington still has 8,000 dollar-a-pear-men. . . . Income tax chief Nunan is not happy over the pay raise for all his men. Because he has to fire half of them. The senators sena-tors who agreed to the pay tilt demanded that that many be discharged dis-charged to make up the new ex pense! , . . New York realtors are planning to whip the N. Y. State rent control by using NRA as a precedent ... According to Daniel Delano Jr., the Delano family has given 11 presidents to the nation He'll tell all about it in a tome. . . , Repub leader J. Martin, house mi nority chief, will get bis political apposition from Mrs. Martha Sharp, ivife of a minister. ... Sec'y of State Byrnes, they say, told Molotov to quit vetoing "the peace of the world." Did he mean the tranquil ity of China or the quiet and calm 3f Palestine? John S. Davis has prepared a new ciggie which will be mar-. keted by one of the leading cig aret firms. This clgaret, the say, dilates the blood vessels and will raise the skin temperature temper-ature one degree, whereas popular popu-lar brands are said to lower i' by several. . . . The iodides is. this new cig counteract effect of nicotine and it is reported to have been tested successfully on over 400 medical students. . . It also is supposed to have lowered low-ered their high blood pressure. pres-sure. . . .Its name (six letters, starts with "D." Broadway Side-Show: This is one Df those Broadway sagas that make you love the people in show busi ness. ..." One of the chorus girls In the revue, 'Call Me Mister," is Kate Friedlich. . . . She is also un derstudy to the star ballerina, Maria Karnilova. . . . Last week Kate's Invalid father was wheel-chaired Into the National theater to witness the hit . . .s Karnilova (learning of the visit) realized this would be one of the old man's rare opportunities to see his daughter dance. . . . She Insisted that Kate go on in her place. . . . All of which made an old man and a young girl very happy Most terrific anti-trust action" in history of the U. S. is slated for Sept. It will involve at least seven of the best-known brokerage broker-age houses, an insurance firm and seme banks. . . . Wendell Berge's (D. of J.) trust-busters will charge that U. S. production is deliberately bottlenecked by the monopolies involved. ... One of the digest mags for August Aug-ust has the exclusive story on it by B. AUas. . . . Wall Streeters are poised for the big explosion that will shake the nation's financial setup. Manhattan Murals: The Little Vienna dishwasher who is a composer com-poser and music arranger on the tide. He also publishes a monthly mag for amateur songsmiths. His name is Paul Christian; he's 57. Helps newcomers. . . . The menu at the Stage delicatessen which imuses the "Ellas" of the neighborhood neigh-borhood with this sandwich: "Ham and Swish." ... The shapely blonde strolling through the park in a three-whistle play-suit . . . Cab Calloway Cal-loway will be next to column a la LaGuardia (paid newspaper ads). For the Zanzibar, In jive lingo. The FBI has agents in town looking look-ing into alleged bribes in War Assets. As-sets. ... Ray Brock and Miriam Hopkins, reported Reno bound, can't get the papers autographed. ... The Newark Star-Ledger has an office of-fice boy at night He was a combat pilot-captain, much decorated for more than 150 missions. He goes to school during the day. . . . Booby-hatch Booby-hatch inmates no longer think they are Napoleon. According to N. Y. state medicos, they think they are J. K. Hoover or MacArthur. . 1 rrt s - v F cr CTFri an at . o o - - 111 Two HanrW Q: ' DEGGED furniture may be SH up quickly anywhere, and i is easy to store for th ,;.. These two tables are especialh The larger one is the size and h,i,u a card tahle. The lnw v,iTo- .iu,nelW also be used as a seat. 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