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Show THE LEIII SUN. LEIli UTAH if -SI By BAUKIIAGE JVewt Analyst and Commentator. WXU Service, Union Trust Building, Washington, D. C. Recently I sat with a group of my colleagues at a table and listened to a shy, elderly man, who might have been a professor of Greek, talk about dams. Just a moment before I had been In the newsroom reading of the terrible destruction which had levelled lev-elled the cities of Europe. I couldn't help thinking of the paradox of civilization civ-ilization as this quiet man, who is the designing engineer for the greatest great-est dams In the world, Grande Coulee, Cou-lee, Boulder, Shasta, the Norris dam In the Tennessee valley and scores of others all over the world, outlined construction projects for Asia. His program Is the exact antithesis of what is going on in Europe. John Lucian Savage is chief designing de-signing engineer of the bureau of reclamation of the department of the interior. He has just returned from 14 months in the Far East where he ias conferred with Generalissimo Chiang Kai-shek of China and with officials in India and Palestine on construction projects which dwarf the world's greatest efforts in this direction. Dr. Savage discussed these undertakings under-takings as if they were some beautiful beauti-ful little works of art which had, perhaps, per-haps, a utilitarian value, but which after all were creations of the Imagination, Imagi-nation, important in themselves. In the course of a half hour or so he outlined projects which would affect af-fect the life of literally millions of people tor untold generations and might well change the course, not only of their history, but the world's. He went to the Far East representing repre-senting the U. S. government, loaned by the department of the interior to the state department as a specialist under its cultural program. Much has been said (with eyebrows slightly slight-ly raised) about Uncle Sam's effort to spread American culture and help import some of that product from other nations. Most people do not realize that cultural matters Include 10,500,000 - kilowatt waterpower plants. "We went down the (Yangtze) river riv-er from Chungking." said Dr. Savage Sav-age as if he were describing a moonlight moon-light ride on the Potomac, "by steamboat and launch to within 15 kilometers (about nine miles) of Ichang." (Later it was explained that he had to stop because it happened hap-pened that a war was going on in that vicinity.) "I had with me all the topographical data I could find and I had spotted three possible dam sites from these maps. I stayed with General (name omitted for security reasons). I asked him if he had any topographic maps that might be helpful to me. He replied that he had captured an aerial map from the Japanese." Studies Map, Selects Five Sites for Dams The map proved to be excellent and one could almost see the engineer's engi-neer's mouth water as he examined it, picking out sights simply crying to be dammed. Then, still as If it were all a great lark, he said that he went on down the river to within three miles of the battle lines (perhaps (per-haps the genial general-host had called off the war for the afternoon). Anyhow, Dr. Savage said, smiling, that he had selected five possible dam sites. The dam in the Yangtze gorge, he told us, will probably be about 750 feet high and there will be 20 tunnels of about 50 feet diameter to divert the river flow. Boulder dam on the Colorado, he told us for comparison, com-parison, was 730 feet high and had only four such tunnels. There will be 24 generating plants, each generating 110,000 kilowatts of electricity. They will equal five times the ultimate capacity of the Grande Coulee dam and ten times Its present development of 10,560,000 kilowatts. The average total output of electrical energy for one year on the Yangtze will be 71,300,000,000 kilowatt-hours. Within the present range of distribution distri-bution live more Chinese than the entire en-tire population of the United States 140 millions. Dr. Savage went into similar detail de-tail regarding more dams on tributaries tribu-taries to the Yangtze. The fatal result, re-sult, beside regulating the river-flow so that navigation can be improved and ocean-going ships brought right up to Chungking, would mean water BARBS Apparently General Arnold of the air fore and not Secretary of the Treasury Morgenthau is dictating what is to be done with German industry., in-dustry., Since it has been established that the cherry trees in Washington are Korean and not Japanese, they blossom blos-som earlier, trying to synchronize with Korean independence week. American Engineer Plans Great Dams for Asia Dr. Savage of U. S. Dept. of Interior Proposes Extensive Flood Control and Irrigation - Systems for China, India, Palestine. storage that will Irrigate a hundred million acres and make it possible to double the present production of rice. I will not deluge you with further figures for I cannot produce them with such a flavor of enthusiasm and admixture of personal delight as Dr. Savage does, but I may add that he spent four months in India discovering and planning similar projects in the Punjab, along the Ganges, and in Afghanistan, on this and other trips. Dr. Savage, I might observe, is typical of a kind of government gov-ernment servant of which the world knows very little. He is one of the highly trained experts who prefel public service to financial rewards. These men turn down highly remunerative re-munerative offers from business organizations. or-ganizations. Australia Asks for Dr. Savage's Help Back in 1940 a cable came from London asking the United States government for Savage's assistance In conjunction with the Burrinjuck dam in Australia. Before the department depart-ment of interior replied, Dr. Savage Sav-age was reminded of what he already al-ready knew; namely, that United States officials may not receive emoluments of any kind from foreign for-eign governments. Our founding fathers fa-thers were quite sensitive on that point ". . . no person," says the Constitution, Con-stitution, "holding any office of profit prof-it or trust under (the United States) shall, without the consent of Congress, Con-gress, accept any present, emolument, emolu-ment, office, or title of any kind whatever, from any king, prince or foreign state." And so Savage, rather than delay the project while congress decided1 whether such emolument be permitted, permit-ted, wired the then commissioner of the bureau of reclamation: "Any assistance as-sistance given to New South Wales will be gratis and I shall not accept any fee or other form of compensa1-tion compensa1-tion or any reimbursement." As a government servant. Dr. Savage, although he cannot accept titles and awards from princes, kings or foreign pommoners, has garnered plenty of honors from American institutions. They include his doctorate in science from the University of Wisconsin and the American Society of Civil Engineers' medal. Also he has that most coveted cov-eted award, the Gold medal for outstanding out-standing engineering service, a joint award of the leading organizations of his profession. If culture can be served by damming dam-ming rivers, and capital can be found to pay the bill, they'll be dammed by Savage. The war will wipe out a lot of Ignorant Ig-norant sneers which so-called "practical" "prac-tical" men. often direct at "longhaired "long-haired professors." Perhaps the science sci-ence of psychology gets the most wallops from the uninitiated. Says General Arnold in his second report on the army air force: "The RAF paid the AAF a compliment in 1944 by adopting our system of air crew selection and classification. Our psychological psy-chological testing procedures were also adopted by the Free French." There are 20 psychological tests administered which have proved valid val-id in predicting a cadet's chance to win his wings and his chance tor combat success. "The aviation psychology program has paid off in time, lives and money saved," says General Arnold, "at a total cost of less than $5 per candidate." The Soviet Information bulletin published in Russia calls attention to the fact that the Russian guards created by Peter I, In 1700, were the first to enter Berlin in the Seven Years war. It further states that the traditions tradi-tions of the Soviet guards, created when the German armies were nearest near-est Moscow, in the autumn of 1941, were inspired by the ancient Russian guards and "are preserved to this day." This is one of the many Indications Indica-tions of how the Soviet government Is continually looking back on Russian Rus-sian history and increasing national consciousness among the people, bypassing by-passing the ideology of communism and the landmarks set up by the revolution. by B aukhage The population of Berlin Is becoming becom-ing "radical, almost red," say reports re-ports of Swedish refugees. What would you call that? An attempt at protective coloring? Obituaries of prominent Nazis are appearing in great numbers in German Ger-man papers. The "deceased" are said to have gone "underground," but not cemetery-style. Entire Nation Mourns Death Of Franklin D. Roosevelt; Vast Tasks Face Truman Y A , $ , FRANKLIN DELANO ROOSEVELT JANUARY 30, 1883 APRIL 12, 1945. AS THE guns of America's fighting forces sounded ever closer the doom of Nazi Germany and Imperial Japan, Franklin Delano Roosevelt died in Warm Springs, Georgia, where he had been resting for 10 days. Death resulted from a cerebral hemorrhage at 4: 35 p. m. on April 12. Mr. Roosevelt was 63. He had been President for 12 years, one month and nine days. The White House was announced as the site of the funeral, with interment at the family estate at Hyde Park, N. Y. Less than four months had elapsed since he had taken his historic oath of office for a fourth term. Only a few weeks before he had returned from the Yalta conference where in company with Marshal Stalin of Russia and Prime Minister Churchill of Great Britain he had labored to build an enduring endur-ing peace. . Fate denied Franklin Roosevelt the chance to enjoy the fruits of victory over the Axis. Yet history seemed destined to enshrine him as one of the immortal American Presidents. And every citizen who mourned the untimely passing of the Commander-in-Chief felt that he was a casualty of the war just as surely as every G. I., Marine and Sailor who had fallen in battle. Never before had an American President died in wartime. Abraham Abra-ham Lincoln fell under Assassin Booth's bullet just five days after the surrender of General Lee's army at Appomattox in 1865. Woodrow Wilson lived to see victory over Germany in World War I, but he fought a losing battle for the League of Nations and died early In 1924, a defeated leader. Many historians believe Lincoln's greatness great-ness might have been dimmed in the conflicts over reconstruction that followed the War Between the States, just as Wilson's prestige was lost in the conflict over the league that followed World War I. Thus Franklin Roosevelt, dying at the height of his career just as victory vic-tory was to be achieved over Germany, Ger-many, seemed likely to live in his tory as a great man. As the American people from Main Street to Riverside Drive ! mourned the death of Franklin i Roosevelt, their prayers went up for his successor, Harry S. Truman. For on the shoulders of this slight, gray, 60-year-old Missourlan had been laid a responsibility such as no American President had ever borne. What the consequences of the President's death would be to the United States and the world, time alone would tell. But as Americans recovered from their first shock at the news, they quickly determined two things. The war must be prosecuted to as speedy and victorious a finish as possible. Lasting peace must be established. estab-lished. And so, regardless of party or of past political differences, the people peo-ple have rallied behind Mr. Truman. The new President faces the immediate im-mediate task of directing American participation in the United Nations blueprints for a permanent world organization. He likewise faces the responsibility of establishing working work-ing relations with other members of the Big Three, so that the personal per-sonal cooperation which existed between be-tween Franklin D. Roosevelt, Josef Stalin and Winston Churchill in leading the Allies toward victory PRECEDENTS OUT: Throughout his career as President, Presi-dent, Franklin D. Roosevelt was known as the "precedent breaker." That title was first conferred in 1932 when he flew out to Chicago from Albany, N. Y., to address the Demo-cratit Demo-cratit convention that had nominated nomin-ated him. It continued after his election as a result of his informal methods of transacting business. mm V t 4 w S;:fS :::K::::: ilSllllliKil HARRY S. TRUMAN 33rd PRESIDENT OF U. S. may be maintained in helping win the peace. He faces the long-range job of guiding the nation to postwar economic prosperity once Nazi Germany Ger-many and Japan are finally defeated. Known as, a plain, modest man who has not dramatized himself personally, President Truman nevertheless has demonstrated dem-onstrated on many occasions that he can be a leader of force and determination. His work as chairman of the Truman committee com-mittee in the U. S. senate investigating in-vestigating the conduct of the war is cited as an example of this. And his conduct of the Vice Presidency has shown that he can work successfully with political leaders of both parties " in getting needed measures passed and in reconciling opposing op-posing points of view. The 33rd President was born In Lamar, Mo., May 8, 1884, although the home of the family for four generations had been on a farm KSir Independence, Mo. Served In World War I. When World War 1 broke out, Truman became captain of Battery Bat-tery D in the field artillery of the 35th Division and saw action ac-tion at St. Mihiel and in the Meuse-Argonne offensive. Back in Independence, Truman and a war buddy opened a haberdashery haber-dashery business. He married his boyhood sweetheart, Bess Wallace, and they have one daughter, Mary Margaret Truman later turned to politics for a career, which started with his election as County Judge of Jackson Jack-son county. Mo. In 1926 he became the presiding judge of Jackson county, with the endorsement of Tom Pendergast. political boss of Kansas City. President's Life Was Characterized By Vigorous Action Unlike the "log-cabin" presidents, , Franklin Delano Roosevelt was not born into poverty. When Franklin arrived at Hyde Park, N. Y.. on January 30, 1882, he came into a family that had possessed wealth for many generations. The Roose-velts Roose-velts had been thrifty land-owners lii the Hudson valley since the first of the family came over from Holland. Hol-land. On his mother's side also there was a substantial fortune. Among his ancestors were many men who had served the state in various capacities. Young Franklin attended the very fashionable Groton school, where he prepared for Harvard university. After completing the liberal arts course he entered Columbia U. law school, from which he was graduated gradu-ated in 1907. Two years earlier, however, he married his distant cousin, Anna Eleanor Roosevelt. Eleanor was a niece of Theodore Roosevelt, at that time in the White House. After two years of legal practice, prac-tice, Franklin entered politics, rnnning on the Democratic ticket for the New York state senate. He unexpectedly defeated defeat-ed a strong Republican candidate. candi-date. From the beginning of his career he Identified himself with reform movements, opposing the powerful Tammany organization organi-zation In the statehouse. He was re-elected in 1912, by which time he had become a leader of the anti-Tammany faction. Woodrow Wilson appointed Roosevelt Roose-velt assistant secretary of the navy. When World War I broke out Roosevelt proved himself an efficient effi-cient administrator, handling billions bil-lions of dollars worth of contracts for ships and supplies. He served in this post throughout the war. Ran for Vice President. In 1920 the Democratic national convention chose him as running mate for James Cox. While campaigning cam-paigning for the vice presidency Roosevelt made many acquaintances acquaint-ances valuable in later political life. Cox being defeated, F.D.R. returned to legal practice. The following- year the great . tragedy of his life struck him Infantile paralysis. The big, strong young man became a bedridden invalid. For months he lay without ambition, almost without hope. Slowly his powerful pow-erful will took command, however, how-ever, and by persistence he partially regained the use of his muscles. It was during his convalescence at Warm Springs, Ga., that he determined to do what be could to eradicate the scourge that had almost ruined him. The "March of Dimes" campaign was the result. At the Democratic conventions of 1924 and 1928, he aligned himself with the group supporting Alfred E. Smith, New York's governor. When Smith was nominated in 1928, Roosevelt ran for governor of his state and was elected. At the end of his two-year term he was again elected, this time by the greatest majority ever given to a New York governor. As governor he continued the reform re-form and improvement policies of his predecessor Smith. His achievements achieve-ments attracted nationwide attention. atten-tion. As the depression that began late in 1929 deepened, his efforts to control the mounting business failures, unemployment and distress dis-tress in his state revealed his abilities abili-ties as a vigorous leader in grave times. Swept In as President. When the national convention met in Chicago in 1932 Roosevelt was quickly chosen. He was swept into office by a plurality of seven million votes, carrying 42 states. Both houses went Democratic. Before be could take office a wave of bank failures threatened threat-ened the whole economic structure. struc-ture. The famous "bank moratorium" mora-torium" order, one of Roosevelt's Roose-velt's first official acts, closed all banks until they could be reorganized re-organized on a sounder basis, thus preventing disastrous runs. " In the spring of 1932 came the repeal of the 18th, or prohibition prohibi-tion amendment. Then came ibe National Industrial Recovery Recov-ery Act, or "NRA," under which extensive emergency powers pow-ers were granted to the President. Presi-dent. A series of public works were authorized to combat unemployment, un-employment, together with huge appropriations for direct relief. The numerous executive and legislative leg-islative acts of this first term were approved in general as necessary in the face of widespread suffering. suffer-ing. A phrase from one of the President's speeches, "a new deal," developed into a title for the whole Roosevelt program. In 1936 the convention in Philadelphia Phil-adelphia nominated Roosevelt by acclamation on the first ballot. bal-lot. He carried 46 states in the elections. This second term ma-ority ma-ority was so overwhelming that many New Dealers began to call it a "mandate from the people." During this second term a great number of measures mea-sures were passed to Increase the economic security of the individual. IHi Notes of a New York Newsboy: An exciting biog of a fine Ameri-can, Ameri-can, "Eisenhower" (Winston) by F. T. Miller, contains this Interesting paragraph: "General Eisenhower was aroused to outbursts of indignation indigna-tion at the subversive groups that o crivinff 'aid and comfort to the enemy at a time of our nation's peril, Ike's scathing remarKS wouia scorch this paper. He had no tolerance toler-ance for the 'damned deaf, dumb and blind fools' who could not see what was sure to happen if we failed to heed the warnings. The Axis was out to conquer the world and enslave humanity. Nazlism and Fascism Fas-cism must be crushed if human freedom free-dom was to be saved. . . . Eisenhower Eisen-hower had become known as 'Alarmist 'Alarm-ist Ike because of his constant predictions." pre-dictions." Move over, Walter and make room for Eisenhower! The same tome also offers a delightful de-lightful anecdote about General Eisenhower's mother. . . . Whenever When-ever soldiers pass her home at Abilene, Abi-lene, Kans., she proudly remarks to neighbors: "I have a son In the army, too!" When he was given the Peabody award for "presenting outstanding radio humor over a period of 12 years," Fred Allen was introduced on the air this way: "Three great men of American humor," said the announcer, "are Mark Twain, Will Rogers and Fred Allen!" "Fine state humor is in," Allen ad-libbed. ad-libbed. "Two of them are dead and one is out of work!" Stories about newspapermen are as arresting as the yarns they write. Horace Greeley inspired some of the best bits of newspaperman stuff. He was once parked in a hotel lobby reading his Tribune when a stranger stran-ger informed him: "I never read that sheet. I feed it to my goats." . . . Greeley merely intoned: "If you continue reading other papers pa-pers and feed your goats these Tribunes, Trib-unes, one fine day you'll wake up and find that your goats know more than you do!" When Joseph Pulitzer retired, he sent his staff a message which deserves de-serves to be framed in every newsboy's news-boy's office. The Pulitzer prize advice ad-vice is now a part of the masthead of a St. Louis newspaper: "I know that my retirement will make no difference in its cardinal principles; that it will always fight for progress and reform, never tolerate injustice or corruption, always fight demagogues, dema-gogues, never belong, to any party, always oppose privileged classes and public plunderers, never lack sympathy sym-pathy for the poor, always remain devoted to the public welfare, never be satisfied with merely printing the news." Add Good News: One of the Bund camps in New Jersey has been turned into a boys vacation camp. Happy to learn that a part of the U. S. once again belongs to America. Ameri-ca. .. . The legit stage takes bows as a haven for intellectual issues. Yet the season has produced only one expert play on a serious theme: "A Bell for Adano." ... Trend of the Times: We used to hear a great deal about Nazi supermen now we hear more about American superfortresses. super-fortresses. Hoop-la isn't everything: A, J. Cronin's "The Green Years" has topped the fiction best-seller list longer long-er than "Forever Amber," despite the latter's publicity barrage. The house foreign affairs committee is now probing America's war criminal crimi-nal policies. We hope they will spotlight spot-light the peculiar activities of the state dep't boys dealing with that problem. . . . Joseph Conrad once said: "Gossip is what no one claims to hke but everybody enjoys it.". Our Sherlock Ho-Holmes Dept't: A UP dispatch states: "Rifle shots were fired into the office of Mario Berlinguer, high commissioner in Rome, for the punishment of Fascist crimes. The official was wounded by hying glass. Police believe the shooting was an attempt to assassi-nate assassi-nate Signor Berlinguer." Awgwan! Two soldiers and a sailor on Broadway, reports Jan Murray were discussing their plans after SVtotThe first "rviceman Baid: ' Gee. it's midnight. Let's hPve some fun riding through the park in a hansom keb!" . . . "Naw," naw'd tte second. 'L.t'scaU up Mabel and i'S ;, 0h nuts!" said the third. Let's do something really ex- ! Let's go to some st iant end watch the civilians eat!" Among the strange sidelights of war is the almost complete brushoff most newspapers hav! EE t0, Bghting to Bur Reports Re-ports ; of the battles in that secVo are buried on inside pages or ll nored Many American, ""u proh re cominuing ' U?H .""" Manv C u u,uryi(aj rrorrrams Snt v- Millions rf A tv, ,..!- I realize that many radio10 they hear travel greater HiP11 over telephone lines t" the air. " For example, a networt . gram max originates in KW f"d..."L hea,rd -in San Frl ! uirougn a local station is 1 mitted some 3,000 miles L i but less than 30 rS 1 waves. 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