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Show THE LEIII SUN, LEIH. UTAH ivgmaa id Canadian, U. S. Colleges Offer Plan for Prosperity Two Schools Offer Prescription for Postwar Post-war Depression in Pamphlet Entitled 'The Midcontinent and the Peace.' By BAUKIIAGE Newi Analyst and Commentator. WSV Service, Union Trust BuIIdta Washington, D. C. Out of the part of the world farth est from the lighting, literally and figuratively, has come an Interesting Interest-ing international prescription for the cure of the world's post-war head' ache the spell of depression that we have to be ready for. The formula is summarized In 43-page pamphlet that I wish every one could read. The title Is "The Midcontinent and the Peace." The cover la an earthy brown embellished embel-lished with alternating rows of gold en grain sheaves, fat porkers and trucks. It is a report made Jointly by the Universities of Minnesota and Mani toba. It has nothing to do with departments de-partments of state, it has no official status beyond the fact that the Ameican and Canadian governors asked their respective state universities univer-sities to do the job. It is a splendid down-to-brass-tacks example of the recognition of the common Interests of two important areas lying on op posite sides of an international boundary line. The gist of the report is this: I. Western Europe must arrange greatly to increase its imports of wheat, lard and pork after the war. II. Canada and the United States must reorganize their automobile, producing industries so that a maximum maxi-mum employment in Canadian factories fac-tories can be maintained; cost of autos be reduced to Canadian buyers buy-ers and American car output Increased. In-creased. III. Agriculture in the prairie provinces of Canada and the central northwest United States must continue con-tinue along the lines of agricultural agricul-tural specialization developed out of necessity during the war. The Connection v Now, at first glance, the connec- tion between these steps may not be evident, but the report makes the whole effort clear and also shows how the program can be carried car-ried out There Is nothing new or revolutionary in the methods dis cussed, nor in the reasoning concerning con-cerning their results, but a striking assemblage of data gathered and arranged in such a manner that it etfers what appears to be a logical program of action. la the first place, the report shows how domestic economic policies (the ones I briefly summarized in the Hiree points above) are, in fact, International policies. It demonstrates demon-strates with figures and explanation that "sound and strong internal economies In Canada and the United States" must have "resoundingly Important effects on the external world." Examples offered to prove this in clude the figures which show how the rise and fall of demand in Canada Can-ada and the United States affected other parts of the world up to and after the depression hit us in 1929. . In less than three decades, imports im-ports in the United States of ten different commodities increased from 300 to 1,700 million dollars worth. Take silk: the yearly average aver-age importation of silk bought by the United States from 1901-05 amount ed to 45 million dollars. In 1929, it had Jumped to 432 million dollars. dol-lars. But when the depression struck, it fell to 114 million dollars in 1932. The total imports of the ten commodities com-modities dropped from 1,718 million mil-lion to 534 million dollars and you can imagine what happened in the producing countries when these markets disappeared. One interesting point brought out la that in this period of expanding trade (both import and export) in which Canada and the United States shared, the MUTUAL interests of the two countries greatly INCREASED IN-CREASED and their competitive interests in-terests declined. Industry Predominant The report shows how agriculture agricul-ture has ceased to be our greatest source of wealth, how industry has become pre-eminent and to maintain main-tain our agriculture, a healthy condition con-dition of industry must be maintained. main-tained. The. old statement is quoted: quot-ed: "Tell me the amount of factory payrolls and I will tell you the price of meat and butter." The plans for our own agriculture BRIEF S . . Bombers that will dwarf in size our present Flying Fortresses, armed with heavy caliber cannon of an entirely new principle of operation op-eration and capable of carrying half a carload of bombs across the Atlantic At-lantic and returning non-stop, are some of the revolutionary aircraft developments predicted for the near future by Gen. H. H. Arnold of the V. S. army air forces. ! C', are fairly simple maintenance of the same type of specialization now going on. The plan for Europe is more complicated but since the question of whether the people of western Europe eat at all for the next few years, depends largely on what Russia, the United States and the other grain producing countries do, these countries may be able to get western European countries to do what we want According to the Midcontinent planners, an arrangement should be made whereby western Europe for a period perhaps IS years would absorb our surplus wheat pork, lard and other farm products. Production Pro-duction of these products would be stopped in western Europe and resources re-sources saved would be put to efficient ef-ficient use. The producing countries would assist in reorganizing Euro pean agriculture to this changeover. The producing countries would also agree to reduce certain tariff so that the Europeans can pay for the agricultural products they absorb with goods they can make. ' (Of course, there is the tough spot.) As for changeovers in agriculture. it is pointed out that they are not new. Minnesota was once the great est wheat producing state in the country. That is no longer true. "Mixed farming" has greatly in creased. Diversified farming rose in Denmark and improved the standard stand-ard of her people these changes come about automatically because the new type introduced pays bet-ter. bet-ter. Similar changes, it is implied, could be brought about by ukase, too. Unfortunately, space does not per mit a detailed review of this report but quite as important as its actual content are the forces which initiated initiat-ed it in the first place, it brings to our consciousness the mutual interests inter-ests of this country and our northern neighbor which are plain to any American familiar with Canada and her people but which many in both countries ignore. Again, it shows how groups in two separate countries coun-tries can get together and work out steps mutually beneficial and likewise like-wise advantageous to the whole world. The most important thing of all, however, is the emphasis on the fact that domestic problems are frequently fre-quently international problems. Diary of a Broadcaster Let me tell you of another crazy rumor story that I heard today. It is so old mat it has whiskers but people up and down this land are listening and believing it A reliable, otherwise hardheaded man told me that an acquaintance of his wife had a friend or relative who had a letter from her boy, a prisoner in Japan. The boy said that, he was being well treated and then made a reference to his stamp collection. He had none, so the remark got the people to thinking they repeated repeat-ed it "then the FBI or somebody" took the letter, steamed off the stamp, and under it was written Well, before the man, finished telling tell-ing it I said: "I know what was under it They've cut my tongue out" How did I guess? Well, I heard that story a dozen times in the last World war. But to make sure, I made a few inquiries, simply to check the procedure. pro-cedure. In the first place, prisoners of war don't use stamps. They can't write direct to their next of kin. The messages all are relayed through the International Red Cross anyhow. Before we got into the last war, I was sitting on top of a Fifth avenue bus in New York, reading an articla by David Lawrence, which reported how the department of justice had run down a story to the effect that sweaters knitted for the Red Cross were sold to soldiers. The bus stopped a Liberty Bond orator was making a speech I listened. He was telling the same story that the department of justice had run down and found it had absolutely NO basis whatever. Remember this before you repeat these charming fantasies. Enlistment Enlist-ment in the WACS, as fine a corps of American women as were ever gathered together, has been slowed down by a cheap and dirty story made out of whole cloth and passed from one drooling lascivious mouth to another. . by Baukhage "By the hundreds of thousands, boys and girls who in other times would have completed high school, are now leaving the school before graduation to go to work," says the Educational Policies commission of the National Education association. Entries of aliens during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1943, were the lowest in 80 year. WEEKLY NEWS ANALYSIS Italy's Unconditional Surrender Marks Real 'Beginning of the End' for Axis; GOP Outlines Foreign Relations Plank; Reds Recapture Ukraine Farm Lands (EDITOR'S NOTE: Whea opinion, art ipnf In theo eolnmni, thej are " ' Weitera Nawapape? Unioa'a new aaaljritt and not nceouarily ( thia newspaper. Released by Weatern Newipapcr Union. ITALY SURRENDERS : One Down, Two to Go Flva davi after British and Cana dian troopa stormed across the Messina Mes-sina straits to land on the Italian mainland, Italy surrendered uncon- ditionaDy to Gen. Dwight .tusen When Marshal Pietro Badogllo's government gave up, it marked me first snlit in the Rome-Berlin-Tokyo Axis. First indications of the Italian collapse came with the ouster oi Benito Mussolini. Left to hold Hitler's vaunted Euro pean fortress were German troops, themselves engaged In a major retreat re-treat in Russia, and the Nazis smaller Balkan allies. While capitulation capitu-lation of Italy exposed central Europe to heavy bomber attack, the Alpine district presented a formidable formida-ble obstacle to an Allied ground advance ad-vance into southern Germany. Hundreds of thousands of her troops killed or captured in North Africa; her elaborate railroad system sys-tem torn to shreds; her fair cities smouldering in ruin, and lacking the natural resources to carry on war, Italy sought the easiest way out of the conflict SOUTHWEST PACIFIC: Isolate Japs Australian troops were hacking their way through jungle brush to the northwest of Lae, New Guinea, when a cloud of American planes i , appeared over- Jf Wi head. The next htm moment tne sKy was filled with liny wnue puns, a Boating to eartn & Vj.. J to assist in the LAXsfcJ encirclement of 20,000 Jap sol- B1 8 diers. . Previously, Australian units under Gen. George Blarney surprised the Japs by landing in force to the east of Lae. Moving quickly, they advanced ad-vanced on the big enemy base even while the Aussies and U. S. paratroopers para-troopers were sealing off Lae to the northwest. i General Mac Arthur's trigger ac tion not only cut off the Lae garri son from reinforcement from the north, but it also Was designed to choke off stubborn Jap troops re sisting an Allied advance beiore Balamaua, farther to the southeast HEALTH: Holding Up Well Civilians are maintaining a better level of health than federal authori ties exDected. despite food rationing, loneer work hours, and fewer doc tors and nurses available, the Of fice of War Information reports. While mortality and sickness rates are slightly higher, the statement comments that the rise is not more than could be anticipated, considering consid-ering wartime strain. The only serious epidemic condi tion is the increase in infantile paralysis (poliomyelitis) and spinal meningitis. More than 4,500 cases of infantile paralysis have been reported re-ported throughout the nation this year, the largest number since 1934. Spinal meningitis cases total 13,368, the greatest number since 1914, when records began. 2,000,000 OVERSEAS: Marshall Reports Of 7,000,000 men in the army July 1, 2,000,000 were overseas, Gen. George C Marsh- all, U. S. chief of staff, revealed in his biennial report re-port to the nation. Of the 7,000,000 men. General Marshall said, 521,000 are officers, of-ficers, with 1,065 generals. More than 2, 000,000 men are serving in the 4 V'H air force. At Exper lence J shows that six Gen. George Marshall tons of shipping are necessary to transport a sol dier and his accessories overseas, and his supply requires one ton a month. General Marshall said. At the time the Japs attacked the Philippines, General Marshall stated, stat-ed, six 'troop ships and nine cargo vessels were en route to the islands. WACS Most of the officers of the Women's Wom-en's Army Auxiliary corps (WAACS) have taken the oath in the new Women's Army corps (WACS) the war department announces. Of 5,977 WAAC officers, 5,658 have transferred to the new organization without change of rank. Of the 319 women who have not been given the oath, 41 may yet join, but their cases are pending. The others have dropped out for failure to meet phys-ical phys-ical requirements or other reasons it was said. MANPOWER: Control Coast Labor With 160.000 more persons re quired for shipyards and 100,000 for aircraft factories on the West coast War Mobilization Director James F. Byrnes announced an-nounced that the WMC received control of the supervision su-pervision of labor In that area. A copy of a program pro-gram already developed de-veloped in the Buffalo, N. Y., area, the WMC's James F. Byrnes West coast plan involves: 1. Determination Deter-mination at necessarv production schedules in various factories; 2. Shift of labor to essential employ ment from less essential work or services: 3. Allotment of manpower to the more important industries in the area; 4. Distribution of rarm help wherever most needed throughout through-out the West coast Time to Switch Along with adoption of the West coast plan, the WMC's selective service bureau sought to co-ordinate its draft program with industrial needs. First, the bureau ordered that all non-deferrable workers., seeking to switch to essential production be given giv-en 30 days, or till October 15, in which to find such employment through registration with the U. S. Employment service. The WMC previously ruled that essential occupation, occu-pation, and not dependency, be the basis for draft deferment Second, the bureau Instructed lo cal boards that before they induct any workers skilled in 149 critical occupations, they must submit the names of such men to the U. S. Employment Em-ployment service. The service will then determine whether these men are more urgently needed by another an-other employer. GOP: Keep Sovereignty Co-operation in the preservation of peace without the loss of U. S. sov- '', ereignty const TSJSH. tute the basis of the Republican party's post-war advisory commit tee's recommen dation for future American foreign policy. Meeting on his' toric Mackinac Island, Mich., un-der un-der National Harrison Spangler Chairman Harri son Spangler, the GOP committee struck the theme for its 1944 plank on foreign affairs. While declaring that "we must do our full share in a program for permanent per-manent peace among nations," the GOP committee members said, "we must preserve and protect all our own national interests." If any proposed international co-operation should conflict with our best interests, inter-ests, the committee said, "then the United States should adhere to the policy which will preserve its constitutionalism con-stitutionalism as expressed In the Declaration of Independence ..." For conquered countries, the committee com-mittee recommended disarmament and destruction of war industries. RUSSIA: Regaining Wealth Under the weight of massed Red attacks, German troops slowly fell back to the broad banks of the Dnieper Dnie-per river in southern Russia. With many of the rich coal and iron deposits of the Donetz basin in Russian hands again, advancing Red armies also reclaimed much of the fertile farm land of the Ukraine, famed for its black earth and wheat and cotton fields. Slicing into the heart of this province, the Reds severed the Nazis main rail connections to the north. With the natural resources. Rus sian troops also recovered many for mer industrial cities, like Kharkov. But having been wracked by warfare war-fare and their manufacturing facilities facili-ties demolished by the Germans, re construction will be necessary to re store uiem to production. In the north-central sector. Red trooDS pounded at the gateway into White Russia, adjacent to the former state of Poland. MISCELLANY: OCTANE GAS: High octane caso- line that will give motorists 50 to 70 miles to the gallon is predicted as a post-war development of the oil industries by William Carnev. a re search chemist for a large refining company. The new automobiles us ing wis 90 to 95 octane gasoline win have smaller motors and lighter Doaies, made of alloys or plastics, it is believed. r r U. S. TREASURY: Seeks Billions High finance has come to the fore front with the treasury's efforts 10 raise 100 billion dollars for war ex penditures during the present fiscal ve at ending June 30. Approximately 50 mUlion bonds valued at 15 billion dollars are ex pected to be sold during the treas ury's present bond selling campaign. All of the money will be sought from Individuals businesses, banks of-a of-a limited and with fered number of securi ties after the close of the public pub-lic drive. However, Howev-er, the treasury Eep. Robert Dooghton has been obtaining 100 million dol lars weekly through short term bill sales to banks. With congress reconvened. Repre sentative Robert Doughton's house wavs and means committee was looking forward to consideration of new tax legislation to raise an addi tional 12 billion dollars requested by President Roosevelt Present levies will yield 38 billion dollars. RAIL WRECKS: High Toll Crowded with passengers return lng to New York, the Pennsylvania railroad's mighty Congressional Limited streaked through the North Philadelphia station; On it wnizzed to Frankfort Junction, Fa. Then, burned journal on the seventh car of the 16-car train gave, throwing tne coach high into the air. Hurtling against a steel girder of a signal tower, the upper section of the coach was sheared right oil Careening wildly, the car behind smashed into the wrecked coach, and the rest of the train, left the rails and plowed along the right of way. Fire broke out in some oi tne cars. More than 50 dead and 125 injured were removed from the wreckage Several hours later, the New York Central's Century Limited was roar ing along near Canastota, N. Y., when its locomotive exploded, derailing derail-ing nine of the 15 passenger cars The first four cars lunged down an embankment: the others were strewn all over the tracks. Heavy, steel rails were plowed up and twist ed into fantastic shapes. Three crewmen were killed; approximate ly seven passengers injured. U. S.-BRITAIN: Tongue Common Bond Speaking at Harvard university. Prime Minister Winston Churchill declared the United States and Great Britain must march togeth er "in those realms of thought which are consecrated to the rights and dignity of man, "It would be a most foolish and improvident act on the part of our two governments . . .to break up this smooth running and immensely immense-ly powerful machinery the moment the war is over," Churchill added. Commenting on studies being made by a special commission to construct a basic English language for use by all people, Churchill said such a common tongue offers far better opportunity for understand ing between people than "taking away provinces and land or grinding them down in exploitation." Stating that a common speech had drawn the United States and Great Britain close together in war, Churchill said that it may well prove the foundation for a common citizen ship. ECONOMIC DIRECTOR: Appointed for Italy Former assistant to Vice Presi dent Henry Wallace when he was secretary of agriculture, and more recently head of the Farm Security administration, 41-year-old Calvin B. Baldwin was named area director of economic operations In occupied Italy. As area director, Baldwin will have the task of co-ordinating the various programs of supply and pro duction instituted by the Allies' civil civ-il commissions in governing the captured territo ries. With Italy essentially an ag ricultural coun try, particularly in wheat and fruits, Baldwin's Calvin Baldwin experience in farm administration undoubtedly determined his appointment Joining attacks on Baldwin's po litical philosophy. Senator Harry F. Byrd charged him with admitting to joint committee on nonessential expenditure that FSA representatives representa-tives had formulated a long-range plan of using the government's power of eminent domain for breaking break-ing up large land properties into smaller holdings. JEFFERS William M. Jeffers. director of the wartime rubber program, has re- signed his office, stating that he believes that his main task is ac complished, and that he wishes to return to the railroad of which he is president , i About 30,000 tons of synthetic rub ber win be turned out this month, in contrast to the 67.000 tons which is the goal of the program, Jeffers stated, explaining that difficulties have been encountered in expanding factory capacity. aWHaMlHH I'HS 11 It's Like This Over There By BOB TROUT- CBS Ntwi Riporut. New York looks like a movie set after London. Years of clothes rationing ra-tioning have made British civilians little shabby. I thought Britain's Brit-ain's women did a wonderful job of keeping themselves attractive on coupons, but the bright colors of Miss and Mrs. New Yorker's clothes made me blink. With one clothing coupon in England, a man can buy two handkerchiefs or one necktie or a one-fourth of a bathing suit Aa "austerity" suit costs more than a half year's coupon allowance. Britain's blitz days are over but London stiU hears the siren, sometimes some-times two or three times a week. In London, it's never practice. The Germans haven't sent real bombing planes over London for a long time, only fighter bombers. They are speedy enough to avoid the defending defend-ing fighters a fair proportion of the time. Their bombs cause pain and misery but don't slow British war production. Heavy RAF bombers which frequently visit Germany carry car-ry bombs that weigh 8,000 pounds. That is heavier than the German fighter-bombers that attack Britain. The first American soldiers to ar rive in the British Isles in this war landed In Northern Ireland. The secret was so well kept that mest of the Irishmen who saw the troops didn't know who they were at first Especially as they didn't look much like the Americans the Irish people have grown used to seeing at "the latest film at the cinema." Some of the Americans evened the score; they didn't know where they were. The British have been very kind to the American soldiers, although rationing leaves them little with which to be kind. But courtesy and hospitality are not rationed. It's a real treat for an American correspondent corre-spondent in Britain to have lunch at a U. S. Army camp. Strange how that Army food is improved by the simple trick of eating it 3,000 miles from home. And eating it after some months of eating boiled brus-sels brus-sels sprouts, boiled potatoes (boiling doesn't require precious grease). And sausages that are 37 per cent meat no more, by law. Note on American influence in Britain: A British tabloid newspaper newspa-per printed this advice in a column of recipes: "Some of you have been growing corn (maize), and now you can use it for a delicious dish which win make a real change for you. Remove the green leaves. Put the corn Into boiling salted water, cover with a lid, and boil gently until soft To test when cooked: squeeze a grain with your fingers. To serve: should the corn be too long for your vegetable vege-table dish with a lid, wrap it in a napkin, put on a plate or dish, and serve at once. Spread a very little margarine along the cobs, take both ends in your hands and gnaw the grains off. It is good fun." Movies and theaters are doing a big business, and there always seems to be a "busker" available to entertain those who stand in line waiting for the doors to open. Theaters Thea-ters start usually at 6 p. m. so that playgoers can get home early, in case there is a "spot of bother." British reactions to certain scenes in featured American pictures are interesting. For instance, in "Major "Ma-jor and the Minor," when Ginger Rogers broke an egg on Robert Benchley's forehead, groans went up from the British audience all over the house. But in "SulUvan's Travels," Trav-els," when Joel sniffs a frying pan containing five beautiful eggs, there were no groans. The entire audi ence, instantly and simultaneously, broke Into a long loud sigh: "O-o-o-o-o-oh." In one rural area, U. S. troops who had built themselves a small movie theater invited the local townsfolk to join them in watching the pictures pic-tures in the long cold winter eve nings. Some of the local people had never seen a movie before. One 68- year-old man, much impressed by the elegance and luxury of the home made ."theater," said: "Why, they've even got a fire in there." I saw "Watch on the Rhine" in London a couple ef months ago. All the action takes place in Washington, Washing-ton, and I had meant to notice whether the English cast spoke the lines with a Potomac accent But I forgot to notice because all I could think of was that the actors constantly con-stantly left the door open, spoiling the blackout la the summer, with the clock moved two hours ahead, Britain is not really dark untfl nearly mid night But in winter blackout begins be-gins about five in the afternoon and the blackout is stiU on when you get up in the morning. Pedestrians are allowed to use flashlights if they have been dimmed by tying a handkerchief hand-kerchief over the lens, and are pointed point-ed straight down at the ground not ahead. But the blackout is kind to bashful lovers and amateur astronomers. astron-omers. For the first time you can tee the stars fmm the city. to lake? edotleSci kxiwn?84 U lights 6- Where did a helot! & 1934? mounta die 8. What was th m. former name? Clty 6 J0, rSml in What av aT 1 money paid 7 do our money hare? e Paid to li Amine,, 1- It is 287 fe" z- Loch. 3. Lithium. 4- Clouds. 5. Buchanan, 6. Bnstnn mass. 8 5S?" .CAJberl u. Christian a ' 8. Spring. 10. The seal of the Unit 7a . "uu,60iaandwas 17 j Vm tt Axis fri from banks CLASSIFI DEPARTM FEATHERS PIU0W MFG. CO, 2191 GUERNSEY HE! nir,H.r.Rinr -.t ' yearlings ready to breed. ii FEED CHANDLER, chW Women Pick CltfeJ When memben oi Corps Women'! reserve patia chute they are already taJ details of its mage. 1 tion includes actual part'tl the manv nhasps nfrjfc'nJ r - i ed marine air borne mM Collect BstierSks In spare time some k'J New Guinea chase buMl collect the rarer and m ful specimens. Some have spread of up to 15 MA mounted have sold lor ai $20. . D0NT LET C0NSTIPATI r SLOW YOU UP When boweli in fael irritable, headachy, do do chew FEEN-A-MINT, Sin chewing-gum laxative, simp FEEN-A-MINT before jw Pi Anlv 4n arrord&ace litb MAIUfi J , . directions -ileep without hi turbed. Next momun vm relief, helping you leelmM trtrirMA.MINT. Tasta iM and economical.Agenetoui FEEWi Everybody FingerprM The only American m -? n nrhtVh every P been fingerprinted is m ToreHeve distress Female i. i to help relieve """"f,,,. f cound help I"! &st .uch ympw product that '!"., a, almost a eentury. W03 thousand of womena. j benefits. FoU 1 Worth trytiH) ,.,,, iff LYDIA E. PIHKHAMSca -ittoey""' "U-'th. ty,' aVI new II' . M;Xr-'-,; 4 i ,i y 7. WAN! 2SP i 1 |