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Show AMERICAN FORK CITIZEN V Nctrs Review of Current Events KLAN ISSUE DOGS BLACK Newspapers Claim Proof He's Life Member . . . Fleet Sialics Submarine Pirates . . . Japs' Big Push Starrs IV. PbJuuuL SUMMARIZES THE WORLD'S WEEK C WMWra JUwapapw Unto. Fiery Cross Haunts Justice PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT Buttered But-tered what wai probably the most embarrassing period of his en-lire en-lire political career at tha whole country itormed over the publishment publish-ment of what was claimed at documentary docu-mentary proof that Hugo L. Black, recently appointed a Justice of the Supreme court, waa and la a member mem-ber of th Ku Klux Klan. The series of ertlclea, copyrighted by the North American Newspaper alliance and printed In the newspapers news-papers which-subscribe to its service, serv-ice, included reproduction of Black's resignation from the hooded brotherhood, broth-erhood, allegedly turned in to the organization in 1923 but never made known to the public or to the Klans-men Klans-men in general. It also contained reproduction of the minutes of a Klan meeting in the following year at which Black was said to have become a life member and wai given a gold "passport," one of the highest honors conferred by the order. or-der. Implications of the revelations, If they are true, are manifold. President Presi-dent Roosevelt asserted that he had no knowledge that Black was a member of the Klan when the appointment ap-pointment was made. Ha refused to comment further until Black returned re-turned from Europe, where he was vacationing. Black, hounded for a statement by the press, went Into seclusion in London and refused to confirm or deny the accusations. Opposition to the administration tost iio Irrmvfc making -poHtica! cap ital of the situation. Senators who had been marked for political extinction ex-tinction because they had dared to oppose the administration on tha plan to add six new Justices to the highest tribunal found it the finest kind of defense ammunition. They pointed out that the President, In his opportunity to appoint one new Justice of the liberal character he desired, had appointed a man who, if.it were true he belonged to the Klan, was Incapable of administering administer-ing Impartial Justice to Catholics, Jews and negroes. Other senators declared they never would have voted vot-ed for his confirmation had they known he was a Klansman. It was admitted that since Black had already taken his oath of office there might be no means of correcting correct-ing the appointment other than by influencing him to resign. This the President might do, it was believed, be-lieved, if Black did not deny the charges upon his return to the United Unit-ed States. Showdown on 'Sub' Piracy GREAT BRITAIN and Franca were massing the greatest destroyer de-stroyer fleet ever operated in tha Mediterranean sea, to police it and safeguard neutral shipping from attacks at-tacks by "pirate" submarines, as a result re-sult of the agreement agree-ment signed by nine powers at Nyon, near Geneva. Tha powers signatory to the pact also included in-cluded Greece, Jugoslavia, Jugo-slavia, Turkey, Ruin Ru-in a n I a. Bulgaria. Egypt and Russia. M. Lltvinoff Italy and Germany bad refused to attend the conference when Russia publicly accused Italy of operating the "pirate" submarines which sank two Russian ships, and threatened reprisals if Italy did not pay indemnity. indem-nity. The principal provisions of the agreement, which Germany and Italy were Invited to Join, were: 1. Mediterranean shipping will be restricted to the regular ship lanes, which will be patrolled by French and British warships. In both the eastern and western stretches. If Italy agreed, aha was to be allowed al-lowed to patrol the Tyrrhenian sea. 1 Patrolling navies will attack and attempt to destroy any submarine sub-marine which attacks merchant ships other than Spanish, without first giving passengers and crew opportunity op-portunity to leave In lifeboats, as outlined in the 1930 London naval treaty. 3. Signatories expressly declare that they do not concede belligerent rights to either party in Spain. 4. Patrol ships arriving on the scene of an attack too late to prevent pre-vent it will be authorized to attack any submarine In the vicinity, provided pro-vided they are satisfied it is the guilty one. 5. These measures will be executed execut-ed by the British and French fleets ezywhere in the Mediterranean with the exception of the Adriatic. Eastern East-ern powers will protect neutral shipping In their territorial waters. 6. Signatories agree not to let any of their own submarines put to sea in the Mediterranean unless accompanied accom-panied by a surface vessel, except In certain "exercise" rones. 7. Signatories will not permit foreign for-eign submarines In their waters unless un-less in urgent distress or on the surface and accompanied. It was plain that delegates knew that explosions might occur in half a dozen European capitals if their HANDS ACROSS EUROPE Jointly refusing to attend the antl-"plracy" conference, Hitler (left) and Mussolini once mora show the complete accord of the two Fascist governments. pact did not get Into operation bo- fore there were any further attacks on shipping. They were embar rassed in conference by the Russian foreign commissar, Maxim Lltvinoff, who insisted on naming Italy as tha "pirate." Russia at first refused to sign, on the grounds that the second sec-ond provision was no protection at all, merely requiring submarine commanders to be "gentlemanly" before sinking ships, and that it Im plied recognition :..& both Spanish parties as belligerents. Britain's Anthony Eden was reported to bavo convinced the signatory powers that It would be impossible for a submarine sub-marine to sink a ship under those conditions. China's German Strategy JAPAN'S long-awaited "big push" in fThlna vsi hfliivH rtpflnltnl "on" as the Japanese assumed virtual vir-tual control of North Hope!, and made important thrusts into the Chinese Chi-nese lines at Shanghai, after the most terrible fighting of a month of undeclared warfare. At about the same time, the Chinese, Chi-nese, heeding at last the advice of German officers generally conceded conced-ed the "brains" of the central army. began a strategic retreat to the "third area of defense" mapped out by these same officers after the Shanghai conflict of 1932, which was conducted under identical conditions. condi-tions. Apparently the Chinese plan of retreat re-treat was to withdraw defending troops from the range of Japanese naval guns in the Whangpoo and Yangtse rivers. The Chinese were reluctant to leave positions which they claimed had been held against the Japanese invasion, but the German Ger-man advisers finally won them over to the theory that these positions had been held at a cost far out of proportion to their Importance. The first strategic stage of the Chinese fighting in Shanghai as planned by the German officers-was officers-was to ilow down and harass the landing of Japanese reinforcements; the second, to divide the Japanese lines, and the third, to deprive the Japanese of the use of their naval guns. Realizing what is going on, the Japanese command has ordered rapid advance no matter what the cost, in an effort to change an orderly or-derly retreat Into a complete rout As a result, the Japanese for the time being are the heavy losers in men, rather than the Chinese. No Help for Munitions Ships ANY American merchant vessels which carry arms or other Implements Im-plements of war to China or Japan will do so at their own risk. President Presi-dent Roosevelt warned shipping concerns. con-cerns. This policy applies to all of the articles listed in his proclamation proclama-tion of May 1, 1937, when he invoked in-voked the neutrality act against both parties in the Spanish civil war. The President's order also forbade any government-owned vessel from carrying war materials to China or Japan. Unless war is declared he has no control over other American shipping, but he warned shippers that if ships carrying such cargo are bombed or attacked they need expect no action on the part of the United States. Copeland Loses in Primary TWENTY-ONE arrests were made as violence dogged the polls in New York city's most spirited mayoralty may-oralty primary in years. Senator Royal S. Copeland. who ran for the Republican nomination although he was supported by Tammany Hall, lost the honor to Mayor Fiorcllo H. La Guardia, fusion candidate for reelection. re-election. Copeland made his bid for the G. O. P. nod by bitterly opposing oppos-ing President Roosevelt, but the stamp of Tammany precluded his nomination. Tho Democratic nomination nom-ination was captured by Jeremiah T. Mahoney, who had the backing of Democratic national chairman Jjmes A i'.irley. Keep Us Out of War' PRESIDENT ROOSEVELT, anxious anx-ious over conditions In Europe and tho Far East, cut his vacation short and returned to Washington to discuss developments with his cabinet cabi-net After discussing tho situation with Norman H. Davis, bis European Euro-pean ambassador-at-large, and Bernard Ber-nard M. Baruch, and getting reports re-ports from tha State department bo was said to bo convinced that there was a real possibility of Implication Im-plication of tho United States in a foreign war. Baruch called Europe a tinder box, ready to explodo at any tufle. In an address before an outdoor meeting of Dutchess county (N. Y.) citizens President Roosevelt had said, "World conditions aro pretty serious. I am glad to say . . . that wo aro going to do everything we1 can in tho United States not only tho people of tho United States but tho government of tho United States to keep us out of war." Headache for the League AT GENEVA, the Chinese delegation-framed aji appeal against Japanese Invasion, to be presented to tho League of Nations. Tho appeal, ap-peal, which urged peace-loving members and non-members to Join in action against the "aggression," Invoked Article 17 of tho League covenant which would invito Japan to sit In on the council of reply Tho Chinese statement charged that since mid-August Japan has Woosung-Shanghal area. "Tho Intention of Japan . . . cannot can-not otherwise bo Interpreted than to dominate Shanghai . . . and to attack at-tack Nanking, tho capital," tho statement said. It also declared that tho Japanese blockade of the entire Chinese coast was lllegaL Eijl Amau, Japanese minister to Switzerland, made it plain that Japan had no Intention of returning to Geneva to sit at any council board that discussed the Far Eastern East-ern hostilities. . Nippon resigned from tho,. League after It had Judged her the aggressor In tho invasion in-vasion of Manchuria In 1933. $300,000,00 in New Money SECRETARY OF THE TREASURY TREAS-URY MORGENTHAU has agreed to Issue (300,000,000 In cash against an equal amount of the treasury's "sterilized" "steril-ized" gold. Tho move was believed to have been made because of recent weakness In the market for government govern-ment bonds and a 16 per cent decline in the stock market over a period of bdoui iout weexs. I 1 r In addition- tha open market com- Secretary mittee of the federal Morgenthaa reserve board announced that It had authorized the twelve federal reserve re-serve banks to buy additional amounts of short term government securities. In some quarters, the treasury's move was Interpreted as an about face by the administration, reversing its year-old policy of trying to prevent pre-vent an untimely Inflation. Loyalists Ready to Pay Up IT WAS reported in Geneva that the Spanish loyalist government and the American government had agreed upon $30,000,000 as a settlement settle-ment for American claims arising out of the Spanish civil war. This, It was understood, would cover every kind of damage suffered by American business In Spain since the beginning of the war, Including confiscation and appropriation of private property for military purposes, pur-poses, as well as material damages. In voluntarily offering a settlement settle-ment while the war is still going on, the Valencia government shattered revolutionary traditions. It was believed be-lieved that the loyalists were anxious anx-ious to emphasize the fact that they are not the revolutionary government govern-ment but the real government of Spain, and consider prompt payment pay-ment of claims one of the best ways of keeping the respect of other nations. na-tions. Czechoslovakia Loses a Saint THE "little father of Czechoslovakia," Czechoslo-vakia," Dr. Thomas G. Masryk. founder of the republic, died In Pra-ha. Pra-ha. He was eighty-seven years old. It was the efforts of Dr. Masaryk . In the great capitals of Europe during dur-ing the World war which made possible pos-sible the creation of his country. Its people revered him as the symbol sym-bol of their liberty, the patron saint of freedom. He was their first president pres-ident serving first in 1918, and being be-ing three times re-elected. In 1935, with old age coming upon him, he resigned his office to Eduard Benes, his colleague, who was at his bed when he lost the battle against the death he philosophically considered "the common enemy of mankind." He once said: "If it must come I shall at least know i died fighting it." Nails Too Busy to Tight ADOLF HITLER, German dictator, dicta-tor, struck what might have been a cheerful note, in conference with foreign government representatives represen-tatives at the Nazi rally in Nuremberg, Nurem-berg, when he declared that Germany Ger-many is too busy to become Involved in any war. He said that the plans which he and other Nazi leaders have for the country would take from 20 to 40 years to complete, and that war might be disastrous. 1 1 Washington. It always comes about that when a nation or an Individual In-dividual acts with-What with-What a out thinking a Mess problem through all of Its angles, there is a fine mess at the end. There can be no surprise, therefore, in the mess confronting this nation over the policies and laws affecting the relations between labor and capital. cap-ital. The condition probably constitutes consti-tutes the worst mess of any we have feen in the last five years and the end is not yet. At the.. present time we find not only bitter strife between the old established es-tablished American Federation of Labor and the Committee for Industrial Indus-trial Organization headed by John L. Lewis; a national labor relations board that cannot be described by any stretch of the imagination as being unbiased, and political leaders lead-ers from President Roosevelt down the line are quite unable to determine deter-mine what their position should be between the warring factions of la-, la-, bor. Meanwhile, we find employers wholly unable to deal with either faction successfully because of the interference of the labor relations board and the instability of responsible respon-sible officials. The case in point and the Incident that brings the situation Immediately Immedi-ately before the American people Involves a comparative small number num-ber of workers but it exposes all of the fallacies that have been allowed to 'become part of the law of the land through the labor relations act f-ftiefc'.ws' farced tfaraugh; congress, by Senator Wagner. New York New Dealer, with Presidential support Let us review the picture: " ' Late in August, the United, States district court in Pennsylvania issued a decree that the National Electric Products corporation of Ambridge. Pa., must sign a wage contract with the International Brotherhood of Electrical Workers, an organization affiliated with the American Federation Feder-ation of Labor. The court ordered the action as a result of difficulties between the American Federation of Labor and the United Electrical Workers which is connected with the Committee for Industrial Organization. Organiza-tion. The manufacturing corporation corpora-tion had no alternative but to comply com-ply with' the court order. If it did not do so, its officials faced jail sentences sen-tences for contempt Within a week thereafter, along comes the national labor relations board with a ruling that the manufacturing manu-facturing corporation must sign a wage contract with the Committee for Industrial Organization union or be subjected to the penalties and punishment provided in the Wagner labor relations act. The board took this position with full knowledge knowl-edge of the federal court decree. It went so far, even, as to say that "the decree (of the court) is no bar to the instant proceeding under the national labor relations set or to the making of an order by the board under the terms of that act that the respondent shall cease and desist from discriminating against the employees em-ployees because they decline to join the brotherhood." In other words, the board took the position that the Wagner labor relations act was the supreme law of the land and the board, therefore, was the sole arbiter arbi-ter regardless of the court action. I do not know anything about the merits of the workers' claim that the manufacturing company had mistreated mis-treated workers, bad fired men for union activities or had engaged in attempts to break up union organization. organ-ization. Those claims may be fully justified; indeed, the chances are that there was anti-union activity on the part of the corporation and that it should receive a legal kick in the pants for these things. But whatever that situation is the fact remains that the national labor relations board consistently has horned into every controversy and, whether it means to be that way or not, its actions have been favorable to the Lewis Committee for Industrial Indus-trial Organization. Further, among the most extreme of the New Dealers themselves, one frequently hears the observation that the labor relations board has .given no consideration at all to the rights of the employer. Of course, the board claims it is acting under strict construction of the law. Then it holds that congress con-gress intended it to take the place of the courts In deciding as between labor groups. It is to be remembered, remem-bered, however, that all members of the board are appointees of President Presi-dent Roosevelt and the presumption naturaily follows that Mr. RooseVelt mu.-t approve of the board's policies. poli-cies. It is too much to suppose that the bo.ird would act against the wiiu- of the man who named its uitiividuul members. All .,f these facts make it appear that inv.t .ul of having a labor poll ry. v,i' h ive on the statute books a l.r.v !!..! iis ld us straight into the h i - i: , i l described at the begin-inf.; begin-inf.; 1 r r :s disoussion. I am won-. won-. it can be or will he ..m:(.i Superficially, the facts if I!..- r lelations bo:ird history thus far make it appear that tho members of that board aro aligned with John L. Lewis and tho tactics he has employed. If they are, and if President Roosevelt wants to pro tect trade unionism In this country, it seems to me he ought to get rid of tho members of that board and name commissioners who can bo fair between the two labor groups whether they want to consider the rights of those who pay the wages or not On top of the situation I have described de-scribed comes a fresh outburst from " ' John L. Lewis ' in 1 Lewur the shape of a Outburtt threat against those officially responsible re-sponsible for administration of federal fed-eral affairs. In fact few persons could have heard the Lewis Labor day radio speech without realizing that the shaggy haired C. I. O. leader lead-er was telling Mr. Roosevelt to refrain re-frain from placing any obstacle in the C. L O. pathway. Some commentators com-mentators went so far as to say that Mr. Lewis had slapped the President's face in that speech. It will be recalled how some time ago the President told the newspaper newspa-per correspondents In a press conference con-ference that he was taking no sides between the A. F. of L. and the C. I. O. The expression he used was a line from Shakespeare: "A plague on both your houses." I quote Mr. Lewis' reply to that remark: "It ill behooves one who has supped at labor's table and who has lMMheltM:talibor'.s-?hause to-curse to-curse with equal fervor and fine Impartiality Im-partiality both labor and its adver-saries'wEen adver-saries'wEen 'they' become locked to" deadly embrace." Thus it becomes plain, I believe, that Mr. Lewis is determined to go forward with his labor problems into in-to the depths of politics. From his $25,000 home In Alexandria. Va.. Labor Leader Lewis directs the hundreds of subordinates, the reds and pinks, the whites and blacks, from which he apparently expects to develop a political organization strong enough to control this nation. President Roosevelt is on another "inspection trip" of the nation. Before Be-fore he left, he President told the press that on Tour ne wanted to see for himself what the New Deal had accomplished, explaining ex-plaining that there would be a few speeches, but that there would be more "intake than outgo" on the trip. Washington political observers almost al-most unanimously agreed, however, that the inspection trip had a much deeper purpose. They noted that the President was visiting various states from which there were members mem-bers of the United States senate who had opposed the President's plan to increase the Supreme court by six appointees of his own choosing. Among these senators were.Wheeler of Montana, Burke of Nebraska, Clark of Missouri, and O'Mahoney of Wyoming. They noted further that some representatives who had been outspoken in opposition to the court bill were privileged to have the President visit their home districts. dis-tricts. These political students arrived at the conclusion I have mentioned despite de-spite the declaration of Postmaster General Farley who. as chairman of the Democratic National committee, commit-tee, said that there would be no reprisals re-prisals against senators and repre-a sentatives who had opposed thef court bill. Mr. Farley's promise of no reprisals came, however, after the now famous radio speech by Senator Guffey of Pennsylvania. Mr. Guffey is chairman of the Democratic Dem-ocratic senatorial committee which has the job of promoting election of Democratic candidates tor the senate. sen-ate. When he said, therefore, that opponents of the court bill ought to be defeated and listed the names of a number of senators who should not be re-elected, it does seem that there may be a connection between the Guffey speech and Mr. Roosevelt's Roose-velt's Inspection trip. Some commentators com-mentators have been uncouth enough to assert that the Inspection trip by the President was for the purpose of determining whether it would be possible for the New Deal to obtain destruction of those Democrat! Demo-crat! who had disagreed with the White House. Aside from the court bill, it seems entirely reasonable to suppose thai Mr. Roosevelt desires to gain knowledge knowl-edge of the country's general tern per. He has refrained from an nouncing whether he will call a spe cial session of congress this full to take up agricultural legislation, say ing only that he- will decide later Secretary Wallace is very anxiou that this shalj happen. Otlkials ol his department have been traveling by plane, tr.un and motor througn tiie country during the last two n.onlhb in ,-.n CMurt to build i'p sentiment sen-timent for the Secretary' kind of farm h .iLit iii'i. Tiny h.tvc to prl mak:i:g tiu-e t; :ps at taxpayers' ex-peie, ex-peie, too rn Nrxpu.-i l.'mon. ADVENTURERS' CLUB HEADLINES FROM THE LIVES OP PEOPtE LIKE VOURSEtn "Hospital Horror" By FLOYD GIBBONS Famous Headline Hunter ELLO EVERYBODY: r l i aj . H - x uu iuiuw, iuh oj aavemures have haonoi I someone did the wrong thing somewhere aJ S but here's one that resulted from cavi, . woal4t. it's as nne an example of a horrible experiences v across in many a day. r" It isn't that George talked out of turn, or tried to it - I No there's nothing like that In this yarn. What Uttk r 11,11 he said with the best and most peaceful Intentions ta T" matter of fact, George was Just out of the operatinn Jl A-hospital bed when ho, said It Birds in that flx don-i . for fights, and you and I know If ' But Just the same, George sure talked himself hu ' lot of trouble. Trouble that probably caused one destt' mighty near causing George's. It was April of 1917. The United States had Just ato J war, and maybe you remember how we used to guard oiJ railroad yards In those days. Well, that's what Geom Lv was a private In the Seventy-first regiment, and his eomra to Kingston, N. Y., to guard a bridge over the Rondout en put a couple of freight cars on a siding and built bunks totton tho men, and it is In one of those freight cars that GeorrtW It was twelve mldnieht and Georee wan tin t..... . at guard duty when he began to feel terrific pains. TU AW was appendicitis, and ho flagged a train, loaded Georr JT. var aim twit uuji uivu uio tuiiaiuii vuy nospitaL Bearded Old Man in Next Bed. They held him in a ward for a day for observation. Th. J twenty other patients In tho room, and one of them was i to! low named Tony. He had been there fifteen years, poor far broken spine. But helpless as he was, Tony is the hero 4. Ab WCI9 119 Willi Btt VC11 UCVIV While George was still under observation the? krart J other patient a bearded old man with a case of bloti afe in his left arm. They pat him In a bed right la frwt g ( and well somehow or other that old fellow gav Gem . . creeps every time ho looked at him. j In the i morning : they took George burto the o'pe'ratifig "K sawbones took out his appendix. They brought him bukg,, "Where Is That Fifteen Cents?" Be Blssei in the same bed he had had before right next to the old telott beard who gave him the willies. For two days after his operation, George was i pretty st what with the ether he bad swallowed and the shock of beisfs the surgeon. On the second day, the old fellow with the bear! delirious and started to rave, and that didn't help Geoffe'i! mind any. George Pretended to Be "Lenny "He was talking about some one named Lenny," Georftr he kept it up until everyone started to complain. I thouiUti all right to try an3 pacify him, so when he called for lean answered him." f The trick seemed to work. The old fellow actually tboa(t talking to Lenny. "What did you do with that Junk iaft asked. And George answered, "I sold it." "How muck fi:' for it?" the old fellow wanted to know. And George toH teen cents." After that the old fellow was quiet lights were put out and George dozed off. f And then, suddenly, George woke up at the sotad " step beside his bed. ."I looked up," he says, "sad Ikae, dowa at me. was the old fellow. His eyes seemed U kt out of his head and his good hand was reschlof dn throat. And In a low voice he hissed, 'Where Is the afkei It might have been funny that situation-if it hadn't ki too. But to George there was neither humor nor patboikH thing else but Just plain terror. There he lay helpless, tsoC the operating room, and hardly able to lift a finger J. and over him stood a man out of his mind and plainly besli . Strangling Him to Death. J "I was petrified with fright," says George. "PenjW running off me like water from a faucet The old ma i white nightgown, with his long hair hanging down ov"t his white beard Cowing over his chest The moonlight w on him and the very picture of him was enough to Ktn. ; "1 couldn't find my voice couldn't utter a word. Jjr'j to protect myself, but it was weak and shaking. The me by the throat and began to squeeze. His hand lucky for me he didn't have two of them-that the otw pled with blood poisoning or he might have strangles j there." J As It was that one hand wasn't any too gentle. anyone In the room was awake. If he could only ,cre?Tfcj old man's fingers tightening on his throat it a He wondered if ho was going to die there, in the PP,ITi pital bed. And then, suddenly, the lights came on. ants came running to tho rescue. Tony, the poor IctT rtn spine, had brought help. He had awakened, seen w and pushed tho buzzer that summoned the nurse. The old man was taken away to a padded cell, sw morning he was dead. The exertion had been too Ancient Ways of Greeting How do you greet a friend when you meet him or her In tho street? If you shake bands or take off your hat you aren't doing, anything new. You're Just following old customs, says a writer In London Answers Magazine. In days of old. the Joining Join-ing of hands was equivalent to a peace treaty it meant that the hands were free of weapons. And even the boldest of knights would take off his helmet among friends to show that he wasn't afraid of a blow on the head. Kissing, too. has its origin In earliest times. The old Greeks and Romans used to kiss their friends and acquaintances on every occasion. One old scholar relates that is was polite, whrn calling on anyone, to kiss first the host, then his wife, followed by all his children, and finally the dog and cut. O WNU Servl The word have come dowa BJ,, Anglo-Saxons. oi their ViktalfJ the If.S "steorboard, Vg enough. Chicago Trlbr the ship, contact with the loading r 'erV.j ,teor or rud.6 board, laddebonl J changed to ' hoaru m,.ai vhen .ectn,,?r:hiekrj .t le try tin any thii.g uul " |