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Show ALTER. AMERICAN FORK CITIZEN BUTLER . L iPure of v 7? IXR RANGER. jE jj jC - II MAR1NU5 WILLETT fl JLMO SCOTT WATSON l t century and a half he hag Ven written down in presumably tcurafe histories as the "arch-fiend f the Ht'vnhitlon." With Simon Irty. "the notorious renegade," he las si. ami the unenviable reputa Ion of hi-iiiK (the words are those I a well known historian) "mis- teants who present no redeeming toamy to pieaa mr eicuse. huh Inother hNtorlan characterizes him "a man of enterprising bold- Mrt wns n compound of ferocious !e cruelty and unappeasabU re- ellsts more than the historians name a word of loathing almost name of Benedict Arnold. One of "Cherry Valley, where, through mn, jming waiter Ha tier damned II eternity while men, women and Ind yom.tr. illed horribly amid the ps and ii.iMinets of his painted under the Imtcherlne hatchets of Idlng for so lone that Walter Rut in of the deepest dye. It Is all the to plrft up a book and read that was no scoundrel, and certainly if women nnd children as all the Id. He Is the typical, proud, rest-, rest-, luckless figure of romance, who his life for a lost cause" ohvl-t ohvl-t of which heroes are made. The ' Out of Niagara Walter Butler Rangers," published recently by rflrersit PretM-for the New York ii association, and the mnn who has ' port r it of the "Infamous Walter ward SwiKjMt, author of a caroled caro-led biography, based upon source Irto untouched by the historians. ie name of Walter Butler for so rnlsh.-d with 111 fame? There Vs- rl associated. Even before or the Involution there was en some of the "half-feudal nrltnc. Stuhauk valley, notably the John- uutiers, nnd the Dutch and Ger-of Ger-of that region. ( conflict came and Walter Butler mes with the logical cause for f. It Is small wonder that those Jould refuse to credit him with he- 17 a much sincerity and high prin ce in making their choice. His ButItT, WHS n nulitan) (V, -"'""nil IV uic 'am Johnson, the King's superln- utun nnrairs In the Northern Aa. lieutenant colonel In a rinlnnlnl int. Brought up In the belief that uaace for honorahl a rtVa "iKs sen ice," what more natural t young aristocrat should choose Jiajesty rather than that of the JOSEPH BRANT THE CASTLE AT J FORT NIAGARA ' THE BUTLER BADGE THE BUTLER HOME AT butlersbury, n.y. remembered that the Revnlntion fn a conflict hot nl Ms rebellious subjects. It was rr in which one group of native i airiotg. was nit to1 ainin. n.'it.ve Amerlnnnn lio m i rp. VBiicy i ill lea "re is no war more bitter than enme too black for one side nst the other, when families are ? th-mives and fr,end t(Jrns Hds ,,f ,,rv ii.famv (.- .-., . j (lunii ",p "'riots and the first hlstorl- 'r"l tholr miitprlol i. . K.uunjj lUe Bur-, Bur-, v"l",I,,n nd who do not seem to "y any too-scrupulous re-;"'r,,Ited re-;"'r,,Ited most of these leg-too, leg-too, they seem tn hnv hnH frstaiMi.-ii.ie degire ( de8lre r - -"me Americans of today. l Htri.,tM H,i fh-, Li , vauw seem bii Ii ii i"""img in lories aaa , uia-r and more tnfamous. il 7, Walter Btler they made ft. -at for most of their Tory taa- "e Particular reason for this father and son. were In- Wnlnif tho i- . fi tuumns 10 "! became leader, of the par "th which these Inrilm. ('re hltterlv hnto k. M'gesns their FlUes, loosed them nT n,'",irnK, their atrocities n" hnrnble commerce 1- scalps ,n '"'d children." f""11"" of ,ho early historians "' 'he Ill.lljin. K rv-i.,-.. W1"M be more convincing If they i k;'r;n"r(''ese facts: that these i.iiKllsh colonist, during the """I', had hoh glad enough to , against the French. '- volution they had tried to t ,i',' lAmx Uo,me t0 THEIR the Revolution some of """".lers. a. well as the Brit '", '" allien. I Since Walter Butler was the anotheosis of the worst type of enemy to the cause of I,llertv It would seem natural that our Information about ,hlm should he fairly complete. And yet, as the author of "War Out of Xiairam" savs? 'Then Is nn absorbing mystery about his life and char acter. The date of his birth Is unknown. . . . There Is no phvdcul description of him except In fiction. Letters about him In catalogues, even of the Schuyler Papers, t he Clates Papers, th Library of Congress and many other papers are mysteriously marked missing. Timothy Dwight the President of Yale university. Invented a great myth about him that got into every Amer lean history In the Nineteenth century. Lafayette Lafay-ette Is said to have been his friend hut there Is no authority for It. Haldlmand (British com mander In Canada) Is said to have refused to receive hlm after Cherry Valley and this book contnlns nn original letter from Haldlmand at) proving of his conduct that November day. He appears plainly to nave nronen nis parole as n prisoner but, with every horror of massacre ami rapine laid at his door, for some reason that seems to have escaped notice. Brant, the In dlan. Is nort raved as a noble paladin, horrified at Butler's excesses. Vet Slmms, the gossip of the Revolution. In 'The Frontiersmen of New York,' tiresome In the multiplicity of Its detail, never places Walter Butler at the scene oMtny f the atrocities In the North. Thousands of men are mentioned by name but young Butler Is mentioned only at Cherry Valley." But, thanks to the researches of this hlstorl an, some of the mystery of Walter Butler Is dis solved and we see him, not as the "bloody monster," mon-ster," painted by the early historians. Instead there stands forth "An amazing figure a young man who could not have been over twenty-eight twenty-eight when he was killed, to the rejoicing of all New Tork, a most dauntless and enterprising leader, eager, ambitious, tireless, ottering to cover Albany, Fort Pitt and Detroit for Haldlmand. Haldl-mand. grasping early In the war the grand strat egy of the long Northwestern flank. Impatient of older men, defending ins every anion m -. ry Valley, scorning to make war n women and children, while pointing out the treatment of his mother and sister held as hostages In Albany. Al-bany. He Is condemned for his red allies and was himself killed and scalped by an Indian ally of the Continental army and the newspapers an nounclng his death say. 'The Oneida Indians be- ln the action and deserve mucn baved well credit.' " So In "War Out of Niagara" we see Walter Butler as a boy at Butlersbury, seeing his father fa-ther and Sir William Johnson returning In triumph tri-umph at the head of Colonial troops from the wars with the French. We see him busy at his law studies In Albany and as a rising young lawyer at the outhreak of the Revolution. Then when the break conies In l.r and those who lire In New York province must choose between n,t t1lr nntlve land, he casts ... . . t....n...ii,. in th mn the loyalists, (wno were m-u"'"., jority In that province). But the Patriot forces under General Schuyler gain temporary ascend rs. inhnmn mil Sir John Johnson, nephew and son of SJr William am. ... - .. -t f ir,.iint. offulrs Col. John Butler cm in iimrgc v and Walter Butler and Joseph Brant of the Mo Next we find Walter Butler as an ensign In the Eighth regiment, the King's Own, In the lighting around Montreal and Quebec. From there he goes to Fort Niagara, which tl to be his principal headquarters a leader of the Butler But-ler Rangers from that time on. In 177T he accompanies ac-companies St. Leger In the expedition which, with Burgoyne coming down from the north and Howe coming up from the south. Is to end the war In one campaign. At old Tort Stanwl.t (renamed Fort Schuyler) the stubborn defense of Colonels Cansevoort and Marlnus Wlllett hold up St. Leger's advance and the bloody Battle of Orlskany results finally In Its defeat Soon afterwards Walter Butler starts down the Mohawk river toward German I lats to raise recruits for the British army. He Is captured, tried as a spy before a court martial, over which Colonel Wlllett sits as Judge advocate, and Is sentenced to be hanged. But Gttral Schuyler intercedes for hlm and he Is taken to the Albany Al-bany Jail from which he soon escapes to Quebec. The next year he goes again to Niagara and leads the expedition against Cherry Valley, from which he Is to return with "the most hated name In New York for a hundred and fifty years. Most of the historians who have written of this affair, making Butler the villain and Brant the protector of the captured women and children, chil-dren, lay emphasis upon the :tl pocjtt who were k-ll!p1 In tho mnusncre Hilt Swii'eeft brines out the fact that It was Butler who injected seven- elgl.ths of the Inhabitants, the i..i survivors, ati.1 ftff.tra afrnntr avblenre tlmt It WSB Rrnnt who Incited the Indians to the killing of at least a part of the 31. Tho norf fun vonru flnrt Walter Butler SS Cnn- taln of the corps of rangers fighting In the battles bat-tles against General Sullivan, whom Washington Washing-ton has sent to smash the tower of the Long House, going on a mission to lietrolt and "maintaining "main-taining the post of Mlamls," a cold and lonely outpost In the wilderness far west of Detroit But In 17S0 he Is back In Montreal and again at Niagara and from there the sext year, he seta out upon his last expedition. As second In command com-mand under Major Ross, the raiding force of about 700 Is within 12 miles of Schenectady on October 2.'., 1781. They have left a trail of burning burn-ing farmhouses, mills and granaries behind them as they turn to retreat toward Johnstown. But Marlnus Wlllett and his Continentals are i,ot nn their tra II and n the Kama or J onus- town, Ross and Butler are defeated. The disor ganized raiders must retreat through the wilder ness toward the north. I hey react. :naaa creen and at a ford there Walter Butler is covering the retreat when he Is shot down and an Oneida scout In Wlllett's command takes his scalp. Visit the city of Schenectady today jam) they ...tti .,i.A ,.,-v,, tn hlatrtrl nM Sr Cttnrffe'l rhnrnh win nine iv .v. ..... . and tell you that the dust of Waller Butler Ilea under Its tloor even pointing o.n u.d Ter(yew under which his body, brought secretly by the Tories from the ford at Canada creek. Is supposed sup-posed to have been burled. But Swlggett doubts this. "It seems unlikely," he '. "Wolvea were closing In on the army." And on that grisly note the tragedy and the mystery of Walter Wal-ter Butler ends, (C by WHtin. Nwwir Lo'lon 1 Normandy Dons Festival Attire GreeU Spring With Quaint Age-Old Ceremonies. Prparl t National Oaotrapbl SoeUtT. Waahlncton. D. a WNO Sarvliw. NORMANDY Is planning for apple ap-ple blossom time. Like Winchester, Win-chester, In the Valley of Virginia, Vir-ginia, and other great apple-growing regions of America, Normandy fares forth In festive attire when the buds of Its famous apple trees burst In the spring. Although the French are largely a wine Imbibing people, the natives of Normandy drink apple elder. There, you cant eat a meal without elder, yon can't be born without elder, and you can't get married or die without cider. The old duchy, slightly smaller than the state of Maryland, Is one huge orchard. Even "When It's apple blossom time In Normandy, however, the duchy lias many world famous spots that also attract the attention of the traveler Rouen, Deauvllle, Cherbourg, Cher-bourg, Havre, Bnyeux, Uonfieur, Dieppe, Falalse, Alencon. - Northmen swooping down, raiding, destroying, but finally settling on the land and giving It a softened form of their name; stalwart ion of duke and tanner's daughter crossing the channel to make world history at Hastings; Norman dukes reigning In England ; the king of the English reigning In Normandy. Armored knights, clanking about in London, Sicily, Naples, at the tomb of Christ The Maid burnt at the take. Daring sons of Normandy roaming the seas to fish, to explore and colonise unknown lands, from Newfoundland to the Antarctic, to the South Seas, around the world. Normans building lordly castles, chateaux, cathedrals, and abbeys of distinctive "Norman architecture," painting pictures, writing poetry, plays, and novels of enduring fame. Poussln and Millet, Pierre Cornellle, Alain Ch artier and Malherbe, Flaubert, Flau-bert, De Maupassant and others a Norman galaxy. Normandy does more than alt around and dream of th. long-ago. Through Hnvre, second seaport gf France; through Cherbourg, It saw some of the legions pass to the western front It has greeted kings and queens, admirals and generals, and beard the roar of cannon salutes, sa-lutes, the hum of sky craft Through these ports today pass travelers from the western world, and processions pro-cessions of consuls, agents, buyers, salesmen, ambassador of commerce of every kind hunters all, scenting the romance and adventure In foreign for-eign trade, In anything from anchovies an-chovies to u lit iq lies. Dress designers, looking to Paris for the first and last word on fashions, fash-ions, send "scouts" to the golden beaches of Deauvllle and Its less aristocratic vls-a-vls, Trouvllle. Here, where the beau monde disports dis-ports Itself in season beneath gaily striped tents, at the casinos, along the promenades, and at the races, the gods and goddesses of style display dis-play their Infest creations on beautiful beau-tiful womerr. Back from the white chalk cliffs and sandy bt'Hches stretches a green and pleasant land of winding wind-ing streams, fertile grain fields and pastures, hedgerows, orchards, well-kept well-kept farms, and villages of thatched cottages. There are hills, and dales and glens, forests and waterfalls, and the typically Norman Ipng, straight roads. Famous for Cattle. And cows! Innumerable herds spot the lush meadows everywhere, but especially In the Contcntln, the peninsula which points toward England. Eng-land. It has given Its name to a Norman breed of cattle famous for beef, but more so for milk production. produc-tion. Paris drinks Normandy's milk, and cream, and both London and Paris eat Its fresh butter and cheese Camembert, Neufchatel, Pont L'Eveque with histories as distinguished distin-guished as the duchy's own. In one field men In blue smocks are loading hay Into carts drawn by ponderons horses. "They are perehe-rons!" perehe-rons!" exclaims the horse lover from the Middle West "My-Indiana neighbor used to Import carloads of them. Don't they remind you of Rosa Bonheur's 'Horse Falrf As a matter of fact most of her mod els for that picture were perche-rons." perche-rons." Another Normandy product Is Its patois; one's school book French will not serve here. In the dally common speech one authority has counted some 6,000 words Which are foreign to French. On an early visit to England, the future Conqueror found Normans everywhere. There were "Norman prelates In the bishoprics, Norman lords and soldiers In the fortresses, Norman captains and sailors l.i the eaports." The Conquest Itself affected af-fected every phase of England's national na-tional activities, especially Its political po-litical and social' Institutions. One writer has called attention to the fact that for more than 800 years the British parliament has used Norman French when Imploring the king to approve or reject Its laws. Though the old Nurse language died out qolckly In Normandy, It left tokens of Its Scandinavian origin In such place names as Dieppe, "deep"; In IJsrfleur and Parfleur, fleur, the Norse (Hot, meaning mean-ing "small river"; In Yvetot Ivo's "toff or "Inclosure." Another proof that this ta the land of William the Conqueror Ilea la the fair-haired Scandinavian type which persist to this day to various districts. As to the origin of the Norman's Inclination to "hedge" on every question, let historians argue ts they will, but It Is fact that one must usually labor hard to extract a plain yea or no from him. "Waa the apple crop large this yearT you ask. His classic reply la: "Well, for a good apple year, It la not too good; but for a bad apple year, It la not too badl" The tendency to avail himself of subtle distinctions may account for the Norman's reputation aa a somewhat some-what grasping character, and the fondness "for legal forms and taw suits has earned him and his fellows the title of "the lawyers of France.' Natural Curiosity. Thirty miles southwest of VIre, as the crow flies, on the border be tween Normandy and Brittany, towers tow-ers the duchy's most Imposing natural nat-ural curiosity and Its finest coastal monument of the Middle ages stu pendous Mont Saint Michel. It la a granite Islet 3,000 feet In clrcum ference, girt with Immense walls and towers, plastered with houses climbing up Its sides, and the whole crowned with an ancient abbey, ab-bey, shrine of the Archangel Michael, Mich-ael, saint of high places. Lovers of the antique find tn Its historical associations. In the grandeur of Its outward aspect an appeal and a fascination similar to those of Carcassonne. East of VIre ts Falalse, where Robert the Devil the Magnificent looked out of the castle window and saw Arietta, the tanner's daughter. C 4 Norman Women Astroll. Another story goes that he first saw her washing clothes at the fountain foun-tain one day when he was returning return-ing from the chase. However, It was, her "pretty feet twinkling tn the brook" led to her becoming the mother of the Conqueror. North of Falalse Is Caen, a Norman Nor-man Athens and unrivaled center for the study of Norman art. Here the Norma us' extraordinary faculty for adaptation appears at Its best Though they Invented little that was new, they adopted from other countries, coun-tries, developed and Improved. French language and literature, French feudal doctrines, and Romanesque Roman-esque architecture In particular bear the stamp of their genius. In Norman Nor-man hands this architectural form from northern Italy became a distinctive, dis-tinctive, living thing, marked by great size, simplicity, and masslve-ness masslve-ness and love of geometric ornament orna-ment The two abbeys founded here by the Conqueror and his wife are superb examples of the architecture which preceded the rise of the early Gothic In the Thirteenth century, and which also crossed the channel even before the Conqueror. The Conqueror was buried 10 one of these abbeys, snd Matilda, his cousin-wife. In the other. , What a courtship was William's I A seven-year siege of Matilda's hand, disdain from the lady, alights not to be endured, and finally a wrathy lover rushing Into Matilda's presence, seizing her by the hair, dragging her about the room, striking strik-ing her,' flinging her to the floor. After that she said yes! Gathered His Hosts. Stllftarther north Is Dives. Here In those stirring days of 1000, the future victor at Hastings gathered together "an Innumerable host of , horsemen, sllngers, and foot soldiers," sol-diers," wild, adventurous spirits, the war strength of northern Europe, eager for the battle over the sea. In the river's mouth Jay. some 700 ships. The largest could hold fifty knights 'with si) their horses and men; the smallest boats werenot even decked over, and were Irfaded to the gunwales with stores and provisions. pro-visions. Including small grrmlljig milts for the grain. For pictorial history of the Con- quest, go to Buyeux and look t the 53 scenes embroidered on linen the famous Bayeui tapeBtry. Prob-1 ably no other fabric anywhere In j the world surpasses It In Interest j snd Importance. Crude though II Is In design, and partly defaced. It nevertheless recreates s momentous period In the world history. But all Norman rosds lead to Rouen at last. Rouen, "Gothic Queen of France" and the duchy's ancient capital, where "each monument monu-ment Is a book, each stone a sou-jenlr." sou-jenlr." Yet more than architecture, architec-ture, more than antiquities, Joan of Arc Is the strongest lure; for Roues Is her town, saturated with glorlou) and tragic memories of her. lies spirit still hovers over the market place where, condemned for "hav. Ing fallen back Into the errors," she went to fiery martyrdom. Sally Sez wit Lik oMiBf MaU ahlpt that sail. Ufa ha It'i ralM which ami fall, AM a la thla, lat'a aal faraaka It, A tawa hi what It's aaapla auka H. 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