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Show Germans Hope to Rebuild Country Qui of Wreckage Expect Quality of Products to Restore Reputation Rep-utation of Lost Beauty of Cities; Seek Raw Materials for Industry. By BAUKHAGE News Analyst and Commentator. WSV Service, 1616 Eye street, N. W. Washington D. C. NUERNBERG, GERMANY. One German who otherwise gets along very well with the American occupation occu-pation officials and is thoroughly in sympathy with what is going on in the Nuernberg court house will nevertheless be one of the happiest men in Germany when the trials are over. He is a little black-haired, bespectacled man named Hans Ziegler, Oberbuergermeister of the city. The best translation for his title is plain "mayor" but because all German cities have at least one deputy mayor, some of the American Amer-ican writers who have seen service In London translate "Oberbuergermeister" "Oberbuerger-meister" as "Lord Mayor." Herr Ziegler says frankly that his work will be easier when the huge organization required to support the International military tribunal has folded Its tent and departed. When he told me this I was rather surprised since at first blush it might seem that the city would benefit from all this American activity. However, when one considers that what the Americans Ameri-cans here buy with the Germans own money (we print It and they have to redeem it) the profits can hardly hard-ly seem desirable. The central German Ger-man government, when there is one, will eventually redeem the paper marks but all Germans will have to contribute in the form of taxes. In Nuernberg although as I said, the city budget had been cut SO per cent, the taxes have already been Increased 33 per cent Military Tribunal Impose Borden The chief burden which the military mili-tary tribunal imposes on the town and tiie one which presses down hard on the mayor, derives from the fact that It takes a lot of tons, volte and manpower to keep the wheel of Justice moving. Coal Is Nuernberg's (as it is Germany's) Ger-many's) chief problem. What the Russians didn't get out In their tone, the chief eoal aress lit Germany, Ger-many, the French have taken in theirs. Transportation has broken down. Without fuel to heat their homes or to cook with, Nuernber-geri Nuernber-geri have bought up every tort of electrical heater and cooker and this plus the large amount of power used by the Americans has put a terrific ter-rific drain not only on the power plants but the cables. It takes coal to make electricity here where there are no tumbling cataracts. As I write the mow Is falling In great Christmas card flakes and even the ruined houses are assuming a touch of beauty. But that beauty is of little lit-tle comfort to people living In cellars cel-lars or rooms without roofs. Halt of Nuernberg's houses were destroyed, the mayor told me. a third partly demolished. The rest can be made livable. But alas, the military tribunal took over one-third of the labor available tor building and repair and a large stock of materials. 'A two hour walk through the city revealed no shops open except a few food and meat stores. In spite of this almost total eclipse of visible Industrial existence I was surprised that the mayor placed first on his list of objectives, a restoration of Nuernberg's long established reputation for expert craftsmanship tor goods of high quality. Toys, of course, but also precision instruments, instru-ments, light machinery and pottery. pot-tery. "We cannot restore Nuernberg's beauty, its historical buildings which brought so many tourists here." said Mayor Ziegler, "but we can win back our reputation as hard workers and fine workers. The city has a long established record for Industriousness and expert handicraft handi-craft as producers of high quality goods. That reputation goes back to the middle ages. Of course we will have to be very patient We must first rehabilitate our city, then we must wait for good raw materials which we must have to produce high quality products. And of course all this must wait until Germany is once more permitted to trade in world markets." But I Interjected at this point what about the food situation T That wasn't in the mayor's province. He took the view which later proved sound enough, that America would not let the Germans starve. If that BARBS My most embarrassing moment In Nuernberg: When the guard in the court house came up to the broadcasting booth and said: "Pipe down, the Judge can't hear the lawyers." law-yers." Well. I got my commission tn the artillery because I could out-shout out-shout the horses. . Here Is Churchill's latest epigram: , 'Atlee aolt qui Laski pense." Cm was our intention, after all. It solved all problems and there was no need to discuss the other questions. The mayor by no means took for granted that America was an endless end-less source of supplies, that we would . forever provide the food which Germany herself never had and never could produce. All he expected ex-pected was to be tided over until Germany could pay her own way and buy the food for her people and feed for her cattle. That brought this keen-eyed little man right back to his original theme. "Our small industries must get back on their feet so that we can sell our goods in the world mar ket and obtain exchange for food imports. Remember," he said, "the Russians have taken over Germany's Ger-many's bread basket. A great segment seg-ment of the country has been cut away. And a million and a quarter German food producers, who are also food-consumers, have moved baek within the non-food producing area of Germany. The Ruhr and Saar areas never could possibly feed themselves. Now more people are crowded into them, as well as Into this area where most - of the land Is already under cultivation. "These newcomers cannot raise food but they can work In our factories fac-tories and produce, products who can buy the food from the rest of the world. To do that we must be allowed to get the raw materials and be permitted to trade to the world markets. Otherwise, there will be starvation, riots and chaos which will spread all over Europe." European Economy Out of Kilter Later on I learned more about that "spreading." In Berlin I sat In the office of American food and agriculture administration. Through that office that morning had passed a Czech, a Belgian and a Hollander. The Czech came in to beg permits per-mits to bring sugar into Germany which has none. The Czech's best beet fields have not been destroyed. de-stroyed. They can't ship the beet sugar abroad but they could easily push It across the Czech-German border where the Germans are starving for it And the Germans have great piles of unused salt The Hollander said: "The Ger mans love my fish. They are starv tag. You are importing food tor them. My fish is rotting and there are still enough parts tor agricultural agricul-tural machinery In Germany and plenty can be turned out In small factories which we must have it we are to continue our farming." The Belgian had the same story From time Immemorial Belgian cheap beef has gone to Luebec and other west German cities to go Into German sausage. The Belgians have plenty of scrawny cattle which concocted Into German sausage would be received only too gladly by the Germans. "What shall I do with this cat tle? They are no good for anything else. And we could get plenty jf manufactured products In Ger many to pay for them it you would let only a few shops start menu facturing the things we need." In ttys Russian zone a number 4 factories are working, supplying the Russians of course, but likewise yielding return enough to keep the Germans alive to make more things the Russians need. I witnessed striking evidence of this will-to-survlve on the part of Nuernberg business men. For the most part It represented the retail er but it is typical of the town. walked through the nightmare of the Altstadt (the old town) which Is within the ancient city wall and was the famous sight-seeing center as well as the location of the main police station and city hall where the SS troops held out to the last man. The destruction is too horrible to dwell upon. It is an exaggerated Coventry. But all along the main streets, now cleared of rubble, were brand new, well painted signs bearing bear-ing the name of the shop owners who had once done business there with visitors from all the world and plain to see was the notice of a new address. It gave one a strange feeling to see bright bits of neat board stuck in a dump heap a neat dump heap. It made you think of the restless hand In the old tale, projecting from the grave. by Baukhage And Mr. and Mrs. Churchill have chosen Florida tor their "vacation" they'll call on Mr. Truman of Washington en route but what a chance for the Florida chamber of commerce. I'll never sneer at long underwear again. It is worth five dollars a fraction in Europe with an extra wrist watch for the lower half. With War Problems Licked, 4-H Turns To New Program for Better America By W. J. DRYDEN WNU Farm editor. THE development of 4-H clubs In America to a membership of 1,700,000 boys and girls between the ages of 10 and 21 cannot be credited to the achievements of any one individual in-dividual or institution. It represents the accumulated experiences of a number of rural communities spread over America that followed a succes-lion succes-lion of pioneer leaders. From a membership ef 125,000 in 1914, It has grown Into one of the largest and most effective educational education-al groups In the world. Four-H club members work on such varied activities as owning and managing farm animals according to the latest scientific method, planning plan-ning for efficient use of rural electric elec-tric facilities, mapping their own and their neighbors' farms as to soil types and soil erosion, planning and preparing nutritious meals, cultivating cultivat-ing a garden to supply those meals and surplus vegetables for the market, mar-ket, introducing new seed varieties, landscaping the family home or the schoblhouse or church, developing parks, baseball diamonds, or organ izing recreational activities for the community, organizing discussion groups on the problems of interna tional peace or current economic problems. In fact they can oe found working on almost any activity activ-ity important to the home or the community. Contests ef All Sorts. Many civic and commercial or ganizations sponsor contests and enterprises en-terprises such are a part of every 4-H club congress. Shown on this page are some of these enterprise winners at the recent congress held in Chicago. For the paat fonr years, 4-H clubs have concentrated most ef their en ergies en growing "food to feed a I r'-fr 3 ffA - br4'1 7 c , V- Sf j " - , The six "Champion Cooks" selected by 4-H from all sections of the country each received $200 college scholarship for their culinary ability, abil-ity, from Servel, Inc. They are, from left to right, RaeclUe Parker, Columbus, Ga.; Jan Nelson, Bloomlngton, Ind.; Rosie L. Garrett Weleet-ka, Weleet-ka, Okla.; Cora Jean Van Dyke, Helena, Mont; Lola Keller. Middletown, Md., and Virginia Ches borough, Hennlng, Minn. fighter." Now the war la over, youth, with training and some direction, di-rection, can play an Important part la meeting the knotty problems ef peace. Future program of the organization organiza-tion will emphasize the developing of talents for greater usefulness; Joining with friends tor work, fun and fellowship; learning to live ;n It st These alert teung people were ners, 12 were picked aa national winners and were swarded $200 college scholarships provided by General Motors Mo-tors corporation. 6Ittlng, left to right: Harold Cory, Tiverton, B. 1.; Say Dankenbring, Waterloo, Iowa; Eugene Karnis, Jackson county, Minnesota; Donald Puckett Bone, Ark.; Billy McKensie. Savannah, Ga. - Standing, left to right: Alios Foss, South Wales, N. Y.; Patsy Woods, Appletoa, Wis.; Barbara Jeaa Austin, Scottsdale, Aria.; Joyce Abadie. Edgard, La.; Vivian Elfert, Waukomis. Okla.; Maxlne Ptnegar, Spanish Forks, Utah; Charlotte Holland, Greenville, Tenn.; Ana Shnppert, Monktoa, Md.; Doris Williams, Wolf Creek, Mont; Esther Page, Sliver Lake, Kan.; and Mary Rebate n, Freeburg, Mo. 1 1 I - '? -- 1 4 it ? Winners In the soil conservation contest each received a $200 college scholarship and an all-expense trip to the congress from Firestone Tire and Rubber company. Top row, left to right, Jack Baird, 16, Arkansas City, Kan.; William C. Walker, 18, Coldwater, Miss.; Marvin A. Glover Jr., 17, Famplin, Va.; Kenneth Fitzgerald, 20, Paul's Valley, Okla.; Louis E. Kelley, 19, Whiteford, Md.; and David S. Gelsler, 16, Watervliet, Mich. Bottom, Tim Kaufman, 18, Delmont, S. D.; P. W. Plerson, 17, Hockes-sln, Hockes-sln, Del. Russell Firestone, representing the Firestone company, presented pre-sented the award. a changing world; choosing a way ; to earn a living; producing food and j fiber for home and market; creating j better homes for better living; conserving con-serving nature's resources for security se-curity and happiness; building health for a strong America; sharing shar-ing responsibilities for community Improvement and serving as citizens in maintaining world peace. In short the same objectives will be pursued as in the past Almost Universal. Four-H clubs are now organized in every state In the Union; tn the territories of Hawaii, Puerto Rico and Alaska. Some 20 foreign countries coun-tries have adopted Its principles. Approximately one million dollars in prize money is provided annually by private citizens and corporations to encourage the movement. The cluba are a part of the national na-tional system of extension work In agriculture and home economics sectional 4-H winners la the farm safety iff AiiMA,jsa .a? its a v r' ,i '') 'A. r -i S 4 8. Helen Frances Lehmann, 19, Pleasant Plains, 111. (seated) and Margaret Rice, 19, of Itta Bena, Miss, were two of the state winners in the 194S 4-H Frozen Foods contest. These two girls, together with 23 "Inner, "In-ner, each won a $50 Victory Bond for their achievements in this contest. International Harvester company .was donor of these prizes. conducted by the department ef agriculture, ag-riculture, the state colleges of agriculture, agri-culture, and the counties co-operating. Four-H club work la a specialised spe-cialised educational enterprise for rural young people, who may become be-come members ef organised clubs under the supervision ef county extension ex-tension agents and local volunteer leaders. The big event of the year tor the members is the annual 4-H club congress. con-gress. In Chicago last December these American farm youths won the hearts of thousands who saw their accomplishments and learned to know the fine-type girls and boys who carry on 4-H club work. contest. Of these 16 sectional win DAIRY WINNERS National dairy contest winners were left to right bottom) Richard Rich-ard A. Riggs, 19, Evansvflle, Ind.; Earl Edwards, 16, Floydada, Texas, and Billy Van Cleve, 16, Chapel Hill Tenn, Top, John M. Keith, 17, As toria. Ore.; James M. Galbreath 18, Street Md.; and Ernest Young, 18, Cortland, N. Y. Each received a $206 scholarship from the Krafta Feed company and an all-expense trip to the congress. Awards were based en production per cow, but-terfat but-terfat content and ether factors V ; i- -: v T"mi iiii imim Mini rammniiMMw Mwnn im i m-f - mnaf rriini News Behin By BmjlMallon Released to Western Newspaper Union. WASHINGTON. The business prophecies for 1946 are taking a common line predicting prices will go higher, and all the rest of the business busi-ness picture will fit into that inflationary inflation-ary pattern, with higher general public pub-lic earnings, a continued con-tinued sellers' market mar-ket and a high-level freeflow of money. The only thing 1 know for sure about Hoo' er it is that always in the past, when 'he great business prophets unanimously unanimous-ly agreed on the future, it seldom turned out their way. When Mr. Hoover was elected, all were sure there would be two cars in every garage and two chickens in every pot; yet within his Presidential Presi-dential span we were at the depths of all time. Mr. Roosevelt, we all thought, at first, would surely cure the depres sion, but it never got cured. Then later we all thought it would never get cured, during the latter part of the Roosevelt regime, and along came the war and pushed us so high out of it we cannot yet see the ground through the economic strat- F.D.R. osphere. Thereafter, during the war, the great prophets all agreed there would be a terrific crash at the end, with great unemployment. Now here we are at the end, with our Christmas Christ-mas sales much higher than last year during the war. with more jobs untaken than men unemployed. And we are now thinking of a higher high-er plane ahead unanimously as usual. Public Reaction May Be Determining Factor I wonder. Let us look at the facts we have, atom by atom, and behind the atoms. They say there will be "higo-er "higo-er prices." Prices generally are based on the availability of goods. When there are shortages, any amount can be charged for goods, and collected from the people, if they have money as they do now. But In the next year ahead we are planning to get back to our peacetime mass production. We have more machines and men than ever before. War has developed manufacturing shortcuts short-cuts for production. As production brings goods to the market, competition will be restored. This means not only competition In quality but In price. It is quite clear then that the expectations ex-pectations of expanding production ahead will work against higher prices. Indeed, this will work gradually as production swells in the latter months of the year toward to-ward lower prices. But the unions are wangling great unprecedentedly large wage increases in-creases from industry, and this development, de-velopment, coupled with the an. nounced intention of the government to maintain a high price level will surely force prices higher, they say. Yes, certainly this would seem to force an Increase of the price of union-made goods; on the other hand people have grown, during the war. to be satisfied with patches, with old things, with repaired machines. If only the unions get these tremendous wage increases, and the rest of us must plod along on our same salaries in the face of higher prices for union-made goods, the common foresight of the business prophets proph-ets may not prove true. Buyers' Strike May Be in Offing Soon There has been everv other kind of strike in this country, except a ouyers sirwe. The conditions homo created may force one. Therefore, I believe the human hu-man element will determine the course of business for 1946. We know the economic factors. We do not know how the people will react to them. We knew the shortages ef goods will not be completely cured next year, but a plentiful supply wiD be restored In many lines. Union wsges will be op. but how many ethers? The administration want hi, prices, but how can it move thm higher than now in the face of the coming restoration of competition? win people pay the prices asked? Will labor's human ituimM. strike on and hold back production? Will the human leadership of the aaministrauon accomplish Its pur poses, and to what degree? With' a congressional election ahead, how far will the spending faucets of inflation be turned still further? These are matters no human can possibly now know. mwutm SEWING CIRCLE PATTERNS Slim, Pretty Frock Is Flattering All-Occasion Twosom for Matro sf sit' ik vitMtm.'unm. w 8969 34-50 Attractive House Frock A SIMPLE, attractive house frock to keep you looking pretty pret-ty all day long. Princess lines are slimming and flattering to every figure. Wonderfully easy to make too! e e Pattern No. 8969 comes in sizes 34, 36, 38. 40. 42. 44, 46. 48 and SO. Size 36 takes 4',4 yards of 35 or 39-incb fabric. Aviator Observes Gandhi Hasn't Wings Nor Wheels Ross Hadley, the sportsman flier, wanted to take Mahatma Gandhi on his first flight, but Gandhi Gand-hi said: "I'd have wings if I were meant to fly." Demanded Ross, who knew that the Mahatma went motoring: "Where are your wheels?" mzfttfay to relieve stuffiness, invite moo if nose gets "stopped 9 What Are You Planning for the Future! Buy United States Savings Bonds! prrm av ivlj A A YM TOO Y0UNS ' ' ViP S0OLV" : ttfri. Y 1 1 ft S,S.J1,.L 1 MUSCLE PAINS can do It to yon -make yon eel old-tools drawn and haggard, soeetoni Liniment contains methyl salicylate, a most effective pain-relieving agent. And Soretone's coU heat action brings yon fait, so-o-o-thing reliet ! Quickly Sortton acta to n tone local circulation. 2. Cheek muteular erampt, S. 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Pattern No. st Name- Address- HEARTBURf ReGla$aovtaswNa)kjsMMM Wha exam stomach add cum painful, ate teg fU. eoot atomach and heart born, doctor, aw WCMribi tha faBtaafctina m-riMiMB knmb rmptotnatU! relief- eudicinet like thoNli Mo Tablet. No laiatiM. BeU-ani brlogt eomftfii J Mir or doable mot money back on rttareeM v wm ojv au OTueeine. TVs wonderful how a little Va-tro-nol relieves transient congestion that stuffs up ths nose and spoils sleep. Quickly your nose opens up-breathing la easier I If you need R- jiei tomgnt, try iti foiiow directions di-rections in the package. Just Urn dress. up" up each norirw UATCOOL strain soofhes fast with COLD HEAT' ACTION in cantor1 MUSCULAR LUMBAGO OR BACKACHE ,fatllTiaa,re MUSCULAR PAINS ,3L SORE MUSCLES (Mtnrer MINOR SPRAINS Ttimi Henri eolf- the luperSclil "VSjs S SleWlOS NOie |