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Show PROVO. . UTAH COUNTY, UTAH, WEDNESDAY, AUGUST 7, 1946 Ed itona The Washington - A National Shame Eugene Talmadge; sought votes on a "white supremacy" platform m his successful success-ful campaign for " the ; Democratic gubernatorial guber-natorial nomination in Georgia. Shortly after his Selection that state wasthe scene of a mass lynching of four Negroes. Theodore Bilbo also went in heavily for "white supremacy" in winning renomi-nation renomi-nation as senator from Mississippi. Shortly after the election there were five lynch deaths in Mississippi in one week, according accord-ing to a Tuskeegee Institute tabulation. Now this may be' coincidence. But it may also be cause and effect. For no one who read these men's campaign speeches, filled as they were with mocking defiance and (in Mr. Bilbo's case) incitements to violence, could put up a very strong argument argu-ment that their line of talk did not suggest at least passive approval of the recent barbarous acts, Mr. Talmadge hajs made an awkward, backhanded attempt to lay the blame at the door of Gov. Ellis Arnall, whom he will succeed in January by saying that he, "sympathizes with the present incumbent, and knows that the lynching "did cause him chagrin and embarrassment." f Governor Arnall swiftly and vigorously set the forces of law at his command on the trail of the killers, only to be met by a thwarting conspiracy of silence in the " vicinity of the crime. But Mr. Talmadge states that, in his administration, "such , atrocities will be at a minimum." It would be interesting to know just .what Mr. Talmadge considers a reasonable '. minimum of lynchings, and how he proposes to maintain it. It is true, as Senator Bilbo has; ; righteously pointed out, that none of the crimes "was . even remotely connected or associated with any exercise of the right of suffrage either in Georgia or Mississippi." But if Mr. Bilbo or Mr. Talmadge' thinks that their crusades against Negro suffrage were not marked by bitterness, contempt and a tacit condonement of skulking brutality, bru-tality, they are almost alone in their opinion. Mr. Talmadge has diverted attention to Detroit, Chicago and other centers where mob violence has broken out in the past, and expresses the sympathy of the people of Georgia for the sections where such actions have occurred. In return, citizens of those and other sections of the country can do no less than reciprocate that sympathy. sym-pathy. For the majority of Georgians do not want Mr. Talmadge. It was the state's electoral system which elevated him to office with a minority of the popular vote. Yet Georgia lynchings reflect on all of Georgia. So do politicians whose bigoted fulminations win them office. It may be unfar, but it is too disturbingly true. It is more disturbingly true that these : things reflect on the whole country a truth that has been spoken before and deserves saying again. We are weakened and cheapened in' the eyes of today's world by each act of mob violence, each flaunting of the Constitution, t each denial of the American tradition which most of us observe but which, in trying to ; sell it to the world, we advertise as being unanimously respected. Such things make telling propaganda! to opponents of American democracy abroad. They are shocking and dismaying ! to our friends. It is time, thenjthat Ameri-' Ameri-' cans realized more fully that even local elections and local disturbances can have ; serious international repercussions. Mer7 - Co - Round A Daily Picture of What's gT Going On in National Affairs a a 1 1 on PARIS (By Wifeless) Thousands of words have been cabled across the Atlantic about the peace conference debate over, a two-thirds or a majority vote. At first blush this debate sounds like arguing how many angels can stand on the point of a needle. You wonder what it has to do with future peace. The real fact, however, is that the voting procedure pro-cedure the essence and the heart of the peace conference. con-ference. In other words, it is the whole works: And the thousands of words regarding the two-thirds two-thirds debate actually can be boiled down to just twenty-four words Russia has managed to write what she wants into the preliminary treaty drafts and two-thirds vote enables her to keep what she's It's just as simple as that. Under majority rule the anti-Russian nations could rewrite the peace treaties; under two-thirds rule Russia keeps the treaties as they are. That's why some of the smaller countries are so .irate at patient Jimmie Byrnes for not backing them on majority rule. They know that under the two-thirds rule Europe will be partitioned the way Russia wants it, not as the best interests of peace require it, and that this conference had better bet-ter have the word "peace" struck out and the word "war" inserted just ahead of "conference.". BYRNES RECEPTION IMPRESSIVE In order to get better acquainted with the conference delegates! gracious Secretary of State Byrnes staged a reception last week at the American Am-erican embassy. In contrast with the pomp and splendor of uniforms and gold braid at the French official reception, Byrnes' affair was impressive for its dignified simplicity. He remembered Benjamin Ben-jamin Franklin, our first ambassador to France, who wore homespun amid the lace and folderol of the French court. Jimmie Byrnes stood in the receiving line, shaking hands with the delegates. Close adviser Ben Cohen, who sees Byrnes every day, came down the line. "I'm not going to waste a handshake on you, Ben," said the secretary of state, with a kidding grin, then shaking hands just the same. Afterward, Byrnes told friends this story to illustrate the importance of shaking hands: "When I was sworn in as justice of the supreme su-preme court," he said, "All my friends on the court shook hands and congratulated me. We were standing, just behind the curtains separating us from the courtroom and just as we were about, to go on the Bench Stanley Reed took me aside and told me that, just before we sat down on the bench,. I should shake hands with everyone again. "I told Stanley that I had just shaken hands with everyone and I saw no reason for shaking hands twice but he insisted that I do it and later I found out ttie reason why. About fifty years before there had been a particularly bitter dispute between members of the court, following which the chief justice had insisted that they all shake hands just before they went on the bench to show there was no hard feelings. "It was a wise custom," concluded Byrnes, "And it's continued-to this day." - "What will happen," asked a friend, "When Justice Jackson returns to the court and is called upon to shake hands with Hugo Black?' "Oh. I think they'll behave like gentlemen," replied the secretary of state. Note The only justice who didn't follow this handshaking tradition was McReynolds, who sat in a comer and didn't shake hands unless the others came to him. BYRNES DROPS PALESTINE BUSINESS A Commendable Decision The decision of the UAW to abandon its threat of further strikes and concentrate on preserving the dollar's present purchas- ing power is no less commendable because the decision was so obviously necessary. UAW members : feel that their 181 2 ; cent wage gain of a few months ago has been wiped out by rising prices. That is ! undoubtedly true, but they are not alone ' in that predicament. Most of us are feeling the difference, but the present pinch is I nothing, of course, to what we should feel ;as a consequence of a new wave of strikes. Most of the postwar wage gains have been made in the manufacturing industries, not on the basis of production' but of need. Now, however, the trend of events has i presented workers with the duty of keeping keep-ing production going and keeping it high. It is one of the most visible, immediate and powerful weapons against inflation. We congratulate the UAW upon seeing .and accepting this duty. And we hope that its example will be followed throughout organized labor for the duration of the I emergency and to the benefit of every American citizen. Here is what's happening behind the scenes in Paris regarding the British-American tug-of-war over Palestine. One week ago Sunday Jimmie Jim-mie Byrnes, after dining with Prime Minister Att-lee, Att-lee, got Truman on the transatlantic telephone and urged him to accept the British proposal for partitioning par-titioning ' Palestine into Jewish and Arab ones. Tzruman, however, decided he couldn't accept and later informed his secretary of state that the British foreign office had much better offer on Palestine that it was holding in reserve and he intended in-tended to wait until the British put all their cards on the table. Last Wednesday Byrnes had nother talk with Attlee when he apologized for the V, S. failure to accept and the next day Jimmie telephoned Truman that he was washing his hands of the whole Palestine business. He indicated he had had enough to do at the peace conference and would leave Palestine entirely up to White House. Mean while Truman is considering putting his close friend, Ed Pauley, in charge of Palestine negotiations. negoti-ations. Pauley has already handed in a blistering report on the urgent need of action in Palestine with the result that the president has considered consider-ed the idea of dropping amiable Henry Grady as his top Palestine adviser. However, Loy Hender son and other state department officials are much opposed to firing Grady and there is considerable state department disagreement about the whole thing. BALKANIZED AMERICANS ARE WRONG Fuller Explanation ; Ah editorial writer has nominated as "the prize understatement of 1946" a remark by 'Maj.-Gen. Aider! Hi Waitt before the Mead committee. Shown the now-famous pictures of the now-famous 'Garsson wedding party, Jat which he was a guest, the general said: "As I see it now, it 'is something I would have preferred not to have taken part in." J Such military terseness would do credit to MCaesar. But we agree that the comment is .understated and, we suspect, not quite a complete description of the general's feelings. feel-ings. Maybe it would have been more explicit ex-plicit to have turned to poetry and the Half- If this columnist knows the USA, one of the greatest mistakes we are making is at tendency tend-ency toward balkanization in others words, Italo-Americans are behaving as if they were Italians, Jewish-Americans as if they were Palestinians, Polish-Americans as if they were Poles rather than as if they Americans. They seem to forget that they took no oath to uphold Italy, Palestine or Poland and that splitting of our country into special groups can be disastrous. Some of these alleged American citizens are threatening to vote next November according to whether Ialy is given a soft peace or according to whether Palestine is given to Jews. Personally, I have long favored a Jewish homeland in Palestine and a fair peace for a Democratic Italy but all things can be carried too far. And balkanized Americans who forget their citizenship by threatening to use the ballot as a club over the head of a president who does not do what they: want should be forced to renounce their citizenship. I hope President Truman tells them to go jump in the lake. Note Naturalized Americans, most of them extremely proud of their citizenship, received a serious setback when Professor Oscar Lange of the University of Chicago renounced his citizenship citizen-ship to become the Polish ambassador in Washington. Wash-ington. To most new Americans the tinplate glitter glit-ter of a foreign ambassadorship would weigh less than the pure gold of American citizenship. But They Did, and They Will X Soke Time aoc Cg( l!L. Somite aJ f f& I 5 "The ruTURB Germany Under Potsdam Minutia DECODING THE DIPLOMATIC POUCH - Brazilian Foreign Minister Fontoura got together to-gether with Secretary of State Byrnes during a backstage lull at the conference and agreed to hold the long-postponed Rio De Janeiro conference confer-ence November 15. Admission of Argentina into the Pan-American security pact will be the big question discussed . (Copyright, 1946, by the Bell Syndicate, Inc.) dozen lines with which Coleridge wound up "The Rime of the Ancient Mariner": . . . and now the wedding-guest Turned from the bridegroom's door. He went like one that .has been stunned, And is of sense forlorn: A sadder and a wiser man, He rose the morrow morn. . By RUTH LOUISE PARTRIDGE Was looking over the family jewels (ha ha) when I ran across a bit of local history in the form of a sterling silver pin (it has a loop on the top so it can be worn around the neck too) with the shield of the United States, and a laurel wreath around it. It says on it, "National League for Women's Service" as I remember it I can't find the dratted thing at the moment. Well, girls and boys, that bit of metal is very poig nant reminder of World War I, believe it or not. During that war, there were women's organizations organi-zations formed to do various and sundry patriotic duties. I remember remem-ber that in our group we met every tram that came through with troops on, and gave them coffee and cake, and I don't know else. We kept a kind of canteen down in the D&RG station. I was a "war bride" (which if I had known what I- know now, I wouian t nave been, and everyone would have been happier.) I al ways took my ukulele down with me, and we would have impromptu impromp-tu concerts, and how those boys would sing! Sometimes the train wouldn't stop, and we'd just hand things up as the boys went by. I remember we found out that one train was going up to Salt Lake and stop over night, then come back through Provo the next day. Some of the boys thought it would be marvelous if they could stay in Provo. go to a dance or picnic or something and then catch their train next day (oh. yes, acquaintances were easily made, way back in the first World War.) Of course, the. officers offi-cers in charge of the train put the kibosh on any such notion as staying over. But next day when that train went through, I was at the station with a white baby rabbit which I gave those boys as they had said they wanted a mascot. Much later, I got a letter from that carload and they had named the rabbit "Princess Pat' after me. Yes, dear reader I used to be called ' Princess Pat. Ah me . . . The last I heard of the rabbit, it was on a submarine, or a submarine chaser, I've forgotten which. I wonder whatever became of the little creature. She was cute, with a huge bow of red white and blue ribbon around her neck. Strangely enough, I remember only one other girl who was In this group, and that girl is Naomi Pierpont. Now, if any of you people peo-ple reading this know of others, I would like very much to have you drop me a post card, as I'd like to get a complete roster. There was more to this patri otic business, but the other half is too long to start in this column. It has to do with how once the Maeser Memorial building was a nospitai. We have a perfectly beautiful "cat's head" spider living just on the outside of our dining room window, and with only the glass between us, it is like living with tne creature. Very, very inter esting. This isn't the first "cat's head" spider we've boarded. Had one in a glass jar one year in the window. So what? So long, folks. Q's and A s Q How many, men's suits will this year's output total? . A An estimated 24.000.000 Peak output was 24,400,000 in l4l. In 1939, output was 22,000, 000. Q What was the rare nf th first American soldier to enter the middle of Berlin? A American Indian W WAV - . liaicnez, a uie. O What is "nrarl Muni" A Herrins scales nrnpMseri fnr making jewelry, knife handles, aresser sets, etc Q What is a nirnirii?' - - - - A A boat nm) fnr travrcinf Louisiana swamps. Q-t-Whv is tha ranefrutt an icaiiear A The fruit often arrows in clusters, similar to grapes. Desk Chat, Editorial Column CURIOUS CYNIC CANTS pity the boy whose mother lacks will power. .they used to have a saying that the woman pays and pays . . . nowadays, she just charges and charges. .the average husband is like an egg keep him in hot water wa-ter too long and he becomes hard-boiled. . .even the fourth wife of a movie star thinks her intiu-ition intiu-ition is infallible. CONFESSION Oh, come, my dear, Let's sit this dance out; Now, listen here There's no cause To hesitate or doubt My real intentions, The truth is I've a twinge of gout! Could be! Could be! The reason many people do not recognize an opportunity when they meet it is because it usually goes around wearing overalls and looking like HARD WORK! Titillating type tales: "The victim vic-tim said that when he left the cafe with his two pretty companions com-panions he had $60 on him besides several pockets full of loose change. But, after being hit on the head, he said that when he woke up he was without a dame." To offset the masculine stories about "the size of the fish that got away' is the feminine stories or boasting of 'the man I could have married but didn't.' Only those who fear power, covet it. only one-fifth of the ex-GI's are returning to their old jobs. Overheard at the counter: "Oh, Genevieve. It is too bad that you have one of those dreadful summer sum-mer colds. What are you taking for it?" "Make me an offer." oOo You, too, may have noticed it that mose centenarians have not been cigarette smokers. oOrv Want b attract attention? Do something worthy of attention. Friends may explain when they begin to realize that explanations are necessary ... and many menosmps end when explana tions are necessary. By PETER EDSON NEA Washingtoa Correspondent WASHINGTON, August ? Biggest stumbling block in the path bf the Big Four foreign ministers min-isters seeking to carry out the Potsdam agreement of a year ago has been Germany itself. General purposes of the agreement agree-ment were to wipe out Nazism, punish the guilty war criminals, democratize Germany during the period of military occupation, and finally make sure that the Germans would be so completely disarmed they could never again threaten the peace of the world. To carry out these provisions, Germany was divided into four zones of occupation Russian in the east, U. S. in the south, French in the west and British in the north. The Potsdam declaration dec-laration provided that, "So far as practicable, there shall be uniformity uni-formity of treatment of the German Ger-man population throughout Germany." Ger-many." This there admittedly has not been. The control machinery for the occupation of Germany under the Potsdam agreement has been set up as planned, and it has functioned. At the top is the Control Con-trol Council, made up of the commanding general of each of the four zones. The Control Council has passed a considerable number of laws and orders applicable ap-plicable to all zones. Also, it has laid the basis for technical dis cussions on many proposals for the uniform treatment of Ger many. Frequently the experts get the groundworked out in subordinate sub-ordinate committees, only to have final agreement deferred by the emergence of political differences in the Control Council proper or at higher levels in London, Mos cow, Paris or Washington. Within each zone there are dif ferences in administration of the laws and orders common to all of Germany. There are differ' ences in the degree of denazifies tion, the degree of self - govern' ment, the attitude towards Ger man political parties. .For instances U. S. policy has been to weed out Nazis and bar them from public office. The Russians have barred the top ones, but they try to convert the little fellows and make them into in-to good Communists. The U. S. has encouraged the development of a number of different political parties with divergent views. The Russians have worked towards unification of the works' parties in their zone through a single Social Unity party embracing the Social Democrats and the Communists. On disarmament, charges have been hurled thick and fast across the zonal boundaries. The United States proposed a disarmament inspection committee. But when the Russians objected to inclu sion of industrial plants in the inspection, the idea was dropped. Now there are reports the Russians Rus-sians are manufacturing muni tions for. the Red Army la the ex-German war plants In the Russians zone. All Nazi discrimination laws have been abolished la all four zones. - ' Trials of the leading war crim- inals are about concluded. There will probably be no more international inter-national trials like Nuremburg. Trial of the lesser criminals will be conducted by each country in its zone. Military courts have of course been trying German soldiers accussed of violating the laws of war. arid will continue to do so. Reorganizing roe uerman eau- oatinnal vitpm m aa tn urrl nut Nazi and militarist doctrines has been difficult Schools of all levels are now going, but it has been difficult to find competent anti-Nazi teachers. The German judicial system has been reorganized by a Con trol Council law applicable to all four zones. Basis of the new German Ger-man court system is the old German Ger-man constitution of 1877. Local self government la funer tioning in the U. S. and British zones, but it's hard to say what f the situation is in the Russian zone. Three elections have been held in the U. S. zone and local governments organized from the bottom up to the Laender or State level. Other zones have not made this rapid advance. In the Soviet zone, there has been only one election, in Saxony. The question there was a referendum on whether industry should be nationalized and the alternatives offered were so worded that it was only one answer possible. The Russians zone has, however, scheduled local elections In the towns and cities for this fall. Formation of trade unions has been encouraged and religious freedom has been restored. Civil liberties have been restored, too. except that Germans are not permitted per-mitted to criticize the Allies. The Potsdam agreement provided pro-vided that "For the time being no central government shall be estazlished." This has been a great out for the Russians in opposing op-posing centralization. The Potsdam agreemnt went on to declare, however, that there should be central administrative departments on finance, transport, trans-port, communications and trade. This has met opposition from the French, who want to hold off centralization until the western boundaries of Germany have been set. Slowness to centralize Germany has been one of the great failures under the Potsdam agreement. The economic consequences con-sequences of this failure will be reviewed in the next article of this series. Four barrels of oil were consumed con-sumed from 1940 to 1945 for every new barrel discovered, according ac-cording to the American Petroleum Petro-leum Institute. Yesterday's Tomorrow's Simile: as easy to understand as a bridge hand after the post mortems. oOo HEADLINE . . . "There is a large teacher shortage in the USA." . . .considering the low wages paid the teachers, it is a wonder we can find any teachers large or small. Seriously though, there are about 19,000 very poorly paid school teachers in the USA. A recent re-cent survey shows that only about 8 per cent of the returning service serv-ice men are interested in going back to class rooms and continuing continu-ing their education. The same survey shows that For Better Pictures Insist On Bawden During the past 15 years the BAWDEN STUDIOS have built a reputation for fair dealing and producers of high quality portraits por-traits at reasonable prices. In recent re-cent months there have been small studios operating under various names that claim to be the BAWDEN STUDIO or a branch of the BAWDEN STUDIO. These unscrupulous studios show good samples, but deliver very poor, inferior grade of pictures. To protect our many friends and the public from fraud, the BAWDEN STUDIO wishes to announce an-nounce they have not sold their studio. Traveling studios that use any name but BAWDEN that claim to be a branch of the BAWDEN BAW-DEN STUDIO are misrepresenting misrepresent-ing and trying to perpetrate a fraud 'and should be investigated. 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