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Show f - V J . - t J t4 .. j. !" ? : -V ,W . -i, . ; Si , -. ' 'V f" " i, t -i i'?-. So Tiejr Sab; ' VU beat Jo IxhiI .beejutse t have never beenl. knocked out In my life, and I ajca-not afraid.' of anyone but .Go4;.',.'---l ,;. Tommy Farr, who will .tight . Joe-. Louis kSooiU:; 'ia:-. - and 'Friday. Not much change io ,1' t Max. temp Wednesday 92 .. .;, ,,Mln. temp, Wednesday . . . , .'46 COUPLETB UNTTEDPREJrf PRTCE 5TVE CENTS TKLKaRAPH NEWS 8SBYXC23 -: xrxHU"L A V FIFTy-SECOND YEAR, NO. 25 Member Sciipps Leagrue of Newspapers and NEA PJ10V0, : UTAH COUNTY, ; UTAH & iTHURSDAy. AUGUST 12, . 19S7 ir - "--'-I. - 1 L, . - . - V. 'ft ' !-;: " ML ... . 7 . . ;. -- '32EPIS0B! wiREPEAT If SilikSIIAI Japanese rUltirn&tum Seen As FleeD Approaches ; Fight At Nankow SHANGHAI. Friday, Aug. 13 (UPJ Virtual, martial law prevailed today throughout Shanghai's international settlement, set-tlement, the French conces sion, and the native city. .Britain mobilized a regi ment at Hongkong, her crown colonly in South China, for possi bte transport to this war-threat erred city of 3,500,000 people, and was reported to have appealed to the United States to send a reel ment of infantry from the Philip pines to reinforce more than 1,000 U. S. marines permanently stationed sta-tioned here. i, A rumor circulated that Japan ese had delivered an "ultimatum' to Chinese Mayor O. K. Tui, threatening "drastic action' un less Chinese armed forces which killed two Japanese navy men earlier In the week are withdrawn 12 miles from the city. Big Scale ActKSn The mayor's secretary denied the report,, but it appeared ob vious that Uje Japanese were preparing pre-paring for military action on a scale comparable to that of 1932, in which huge areas of Shanghai were destroyed, if the Chinese (Continued on Page Five) IV2ERRY GO-ROUND A Daily Picture of What's Going On in National Affairs By DREW PEARSON and ROBERT S. ALLEN John Hamilton On the Skids As GOP Readies For Congressional Con-gressional Campaign; Party Par-ty Leaders Expect Strong Comeback; Want a More Effective Chairman; Pay-Hour Pay-Hour Act Held Ll House Committee While O'Connor O'Con-nor Took Son To Camp; Senator Hatch and Judge Bratton, ex-Partners, Give Each Other Boosts. WASHINGTON The skids are under John Hamilton as chairman chair-man of the Republican National committee. He is almost sure to go. Plans to replace him by the first of the year, so that his successor will have ample time to get ready for a revival of GOP activity in next spring's crucial congressional primaries. Leaders in the ouster drive are Alf Landon, who originally selected se-lected Hamilton as National N Chairman, and Joe Pew, Pennsylvania Penn-sylvania oil magnate and a heavy contributor. Also opposed are several sev-eral other veteran party chiefs, privately never enthusiastic over Hamilton. A group of the latter held a secret meeting in New York re- . & AW -1 1 . 1 cenuy at wnicn uiey otscusseu ways and means of .getting rid of John. All were optimistic abou the chances of the Republican party staging a strong comeback in congress next year, but all agreed it could not be done effectively under John Hamilton. This sentiment was conveyed to Alf Landon and Colonel Knox. In fact, the Colonel got a report from an old friend who was present pres-ent and joined in the Hamilton anvil chorus. Landon and Knox have exchanged ex-changed several letters and held one conference regarding Hamilton Hamil-ton since the 1936 campaign, and it is a safe bet that John wllsoon feel the thrill of the skids under his keel. lOTE Except for his own vote and that of Ralph Williams, national "committeeman j, from Oregon, Hamilton cannot count definitely ' on support from any " other members of the national committee.' Hamilton receives f S25,00pa year and . expenses, but can be- removed at. any time. . 8IIA5I. CRY Illustrative. -f the hollowness '(Continued ori' Page 3 Section 2) Apple-Polishing Is "Out? Schools of Salt Lake Say SALT LAKE CITY, Aug. 12 (ttEi The - time honored custom of apple-polishing was v abolished today by the city jjborard. of education. Teachers, r T.thei bpard ruled, unless tney y areretiring from the scnooi syatemi may no longer accept ac-cept fruits, flowers or other gifts from pupils. Bus Service for Provo Foreseen Reports Mayor That Provo will have bus serv- ice within the very near future appeared practically certain today fololwing a report by City Attorney Attor-ney L E. Brockbank to Mayor Mark Anderson. Mr. Brockbank determined that a public hearing on the question will probably not be necessary, and that the company City Rapid Transit lines of Casper, Wyoming may establish its buses here if it complies with licensing requirements require-ments similar to those necessitated necessi-tated of taxi and like transportation transpor-tation companies. Since after making a traffic survey here bus officials appeared satisfied with Provo's possibilities, it was believed in well-informed circles that they would begin operations oper-ations immediately. The busmen propose operation of three buses before opening of school on city routes with five-cent five-cent fares. Buses would accommodate accommo-date 23 persons. The compuany is reported to have had a very successful suc-cessful period of operation in Casper. Seek Tax Hearing A. letter asking a hearing before the Utah state tax commission on the 20 per cent blanket increase of the assessment on Utah county farm lands has been sent the commission com-mission by ' the county farm bureau, according to David H. Jones, president. While the members of the farm bureau are awaiting a reply from the tax commission, questionnaires will be sent to farmers in all counties coun-ties of the state to determine the actual assessment values on various var-ious classes of land in comparison with those of this county, Mr. Jones says. The farmers of Utah countv do not intend to acquiesce to the' demands of the state tax commission without a fight, says LeGrand Jarman, secretary of the county farm bureau. "We feel that the county assessor as-sessor and commissioners conducted con-ducted a fair and just appraisal of the lands of this county, and that they were attempting to evaluate lands not only according to the type of soil but also to the location," he says. Good soil in close proximity to a city naturally should be worth more than good soil far away from any town, Mr. Jar-man Jar-man holds. "Yet the tax. commission com-mission doesn't seem to think so in making their order." Directors qf the Utah County Farm Bureau plan, through legislative means, to remove the dictatorship from the tax commission com-mission according to Mr. Jar-man. Jar-man. Representation on the tax commission must be secured, he aVS South - Central Geological ROBERTSON'S FARM, BUHL, Idaho, Aug. 12 (HE) Contours of the west end of Harley Robertson's Robert-son's 180 acres changed slowly today, in an earth-shaking movement move-ment which may mark beginning of a new geological epoch for southcentral Idaho. Volcanic formation which thousands thou-sands of. years ago failed to completely com-pletely settle was giving way under the strain of time and huge interior chunks of rock and earth plummeted down into the bowels of the earth to smack resoundingly on the lower strata. The entire structure of the country .". in which Robertson's farm is.; located represents a huge bubble geologists said and the bubble is breaking. Under ; his farm ... said Horton Abell, ; geologist, is probably ' a gaping cavern,. 1000 or 15000 feet deep -separating . the -- earth's core from the scrust in this particular par-ticular region.' V - 1 - HUGO BLACK HED FOR HIGH COURT Senate Taken By Surprise As Roosevelt Sends Name To Floor WASHINGTON, Aug. 12 tU.R) President Roosevelt today sent to the senate the nomination of Sen. Hugo L. Black, D., Ala., to fill the su preme court vacancy created by retirement of Associate justice Willis Van Devanter. x President Roosevelt's action in nominating-Black came as a sur prise, although there had been some reports1 that the liberal Ala bama leader of the fight for" en actment of wages and hours leg islation was under consideration for the place. Black, chairman of the senate education and labor committee, has been regarded as one of the most progressive southern ' Democratic Demo-cratic members of the senate. He was a staunch supporter Of Mr. Roosevelt's judiciary reorganization reorganiza-tion "program. Black was sponsor of the so-called so-called lobby investigation of the senate which created controversy during the first New Deal administration. admin-istration. The sending of Black's nomination nomina-tion to the senate created a surprise. sur-prise. Only an hour before the name was sent to the upper. chamber cham-ber a high White House aide had told reporters that it was uncer tain whether the nominatio would even go to Capitol Hill at Black was regarded as virtual ly certain of quick senate confirmation confir-mation probably without even the formality of sending the name to the senate judiciary committee for consideration. This is an ancient senate tradition tradi-tion that nominations of its own members to office are approved without question as a matter of senatorial courtesy. Governor Blood Commends Even At Spanish Fork Spanish fork Aug. 12 "The Sons and Daughters of Pioneers Pio-neers and Indian War Veterans" organization are to be highly commended com-mended for their efforts in promoting pro-moting such gatherings as these and keeping alive in the memories of the people, what they owe to their pioneer ancestors," declared Governor Henry H. Blood hi his address Wednesday afternoon at the Black Hawk encampment. Throughout his talk the governor gover-nor emphasized Kipling's "iteces-sional," "iteces-sional," and pointed out what should be done. Governor Blood appeared on the program giveff by the Cedar City Post with Captain Cap-tain Reed Money in charge. Mr. Money gave a short talk of appreciation ap-preciation for the hospitality being be-ing shown the Black Hawk 'encampment. 'en-campment. Ray Wood was toast-master. toast-master. Hand Cart Pioneers A short intermission, was held during which Mrs. Sarah Shepherd, Shep-herd, an original hand cart pio-( pio-( Continued on Page Five) Idaho Views Epoch At Buhi Today, cracks continued to split the ground a short Instance from the 500-foot wall of the Salmon river canyon, itself a remnant of the days when large slices of earth caved down into a vacuum. As the interior disturbance continues, - the ground sinks. It doesn't fall away noticeably, but in a period of 24 hours, one can notice the difference in ground levels.. This particular canyon forming on Robertson's farm today reached reach-ed a depth of more than 300 feet, and rattling : roars of rock slides , split the silence of , ah otherwise calm countryside; ."Sightseers. ' were' turned back by special . guards, placed around the , property .by. Griffin- Ranches, land owning', corporation. It ,ia feared -some one. may tumble into one those "cracks. They're Featured in Karnival I WlJllliy,.M, , 1 ,,LIII I I I I ,1 fl ,0 V; ? ft ; fiTfi? ;feyMitfiiiiiiiiiia'iilif i ; i fan j. , r-mrr Orientals, a n 1- : mals and aero bats they wl all take part, in the Kiddies' Karnival, Kar-nival, feature at-' traction Friday v evening in Timp park. In the top picture, pic-ture, left to right, are Don Hunter, Lucie M a e Gardner, Bert Whipple, Helen Hickman, Robert Sturgill, with Hal Thomas Thom-as in front. In the lower hf" picture, left to r i g h t, Walter Wiest and Grait Pet erson, eie-p'h eie-p'h .,t; Dick Pope, Robert Rigby. and torn en, acro- Norma Hafen, Indians; Robert Sturgill, Spaniard; Span-iard; Hazel Rowe, Oriental; Dick Sparks, clown Kiddies to Delight Crowd Tomorrow Parade, Sideshows and Main Performance Are Slated in Recreational Climax With splash of color and note of revelry, Provo's Kid dies Karnival and parade will get under way Friday evening. ThiS long-looked-f or event, which climaxes Provo city's summer recreational program, will start promptly at 6 S o'clock, when the miniature floats, Butler, Crockett, Slack Dive Talks in Khvanis Meet W. R. Butter tiharadterized his association with Kiwanis as "One great, grand, experience." at the weekly ' meeting of the b today. etold of the various projects undertaken by the local club, one of the first being the development de-velopment of the North Fork road in Provo canyon from Wild-wood Wild-wood to Aspen Grove. Another project upon which he looks back with pride is the building of the trail to Bridal Veil falls. He gave interesting experiences of his association with 'the Omaha club, when he was a member of that organization. "What shall we do in Kiwanis?" Kiwan-is?" was the tltle of a brief talk given by Orson Slack, who expressed the belief that the meeting would be more interest-' (Continued on Page Five) SKEET GROUNDS SITE SELECTED - Ground owned by Provo city near Utah lake was chosen today as site for the public skeet field to be constructed here soon, Mayor May-or Mark Anderson announces. The lake territory was chosen in preference to a proposed alte near the east mountains because of location, the mayor states. The field will cost . between $300 and 3400. to, be paid' by Provo city and the Provo? Conservation Con-servation association. '"- j f Skeet "ts a- sport' growing Iri popularity. Hundreds of .Provo-ans .Provo-ans . would -"receive- 'recreation through construction of , a-: skeet fields-Mayer; "A I - jzk. " ' -I ' r i - , 1 A gay with banners and decorative features, together with the nun dreds of costumed youngsters, start marcihng in parade fashion along Provo's business district. Commencing from the city and county building, the parade will travel north on University avenue to Fifth North, then west to the North park on Fifth West street, scene of the big carnival and sideshow side-show attractions. Awards Planned Mrs. Monta W. Anderson, Fred C. Strate and Mrs. Edith Fuller are the parade judges. Two outstanding out-standing floats and two individual individ-ual characters will be judged, cash prizes to be awarded the winners. Miss Laura Banner, in charge of the parade, announces that .this will be the last opportunity opportun-ity to enter children In a recreational recre-ational event . this year. Floats entered by the recreation department depart-ment will not be judged. A special lighted stage has been set on the ball field for the carni-( carni-( Continued on Page Five) J. Frank Brown Is Named to Post . SALT LAKE CITY, Aug. 12 OLE) The first presidency of the LD.S. church today announced appointment of J. Frank Brown, Salt Lake City dairy executive) as a member of the general council of the church security plan. Brown Is a member of the high council of the- Bonneville stake and is a former bishop of the Emigration ward1 in Salt Lake City. r Rotary: Speaker T..tc. Larson!. will address fellow fel-low Rotarians ;Friday, on u the National Boy ; Scout -Jamboree recently re-cently ,jheld in . Washington, D.C The ,-.meeting will be in. Hotel Roberts at 12:15 V m..'. i4O..R., Thomas la-chairman; DEDICATION AT THEATER FRIDAY EVE Paulson Outlines Program; Pro-gram; Harris, Anderson, Ander-son, Gurr To Speak "Timpanogos Theatre" at Aspen Grove, one of Utah's finest outdoor amphitheatres, will be given its official dedication dedi-cation and christening Friday evening, when thousands of people from Utah county assemble as-semble for the dedicatory program. Brigham Young university and the United States forest service are cooperating in the program, and leading talent from all parts of Utah county, will participate. Such dignitaries as Mayor Mark Anderson, President. Franklin S. Harris and James E. Gurr, Wasatch Was-atch forest supervisor, will give talks, and leading music masters from B. Y. U. and several cities of the county will direct vocal and instrumental music M ssical Numbe The program, as announced today to-day by Ford M. Paulson, forest guard and co-chairman with Dr. T. Earl Pardoe of the program committee is as follows: 7 p. m. Instrumental concert brass ensemble, Provo, Prof. Robert Rob-ert Sauer, director; trombone duet, Lyle Tregaskis and Evelyn Peck, American Fork; cornet trio. Creed BrimhaU, Harold Bandley and Clair Johnson, Provo; trombone solo. Earl A. Beck, Pleasant Grove. . - t-SO TrrpTmriJe gram, ur. t. Earl Pardoe in charge. Male quartet, B. Y. U., John R. Halliday, director. James E. Gurr, Wasatch forest supervisor, supervis-or, will present the amphitheatre to the public. Dr. Franklin S. Harris will give an acceptance response. , (Continued on Page Five) WATER DISTRICT LEVY REPORTED Setting of a .5 mill levy wiU care for Provo metropolitan water wa-ter district expense in the next fiscal period board members determined de-termined at a meeting here last night A sum of $4,100, figuring 100 per cent collection, is contemplated contem-plated to be raised with Provo city's valuation of $8,250,000. Immediate steps toward election elec-tion on the Deer Creek project are possible, with all necessary work in order, the board reported. re-ported. No date has been set, but this probably will be in a special meeting after formal notification no-tification from Provo River Water Wa-ter Users association that such elections are in order. Judges set for the election when called were announced as Walter P. Whitehead, First ward; O. R. Thomas, Second ward; James E. Brown, Third ward; Jacob Coleman, Fourth ward; and Alex Hedquist, Fifth ward. Monies needed to file claim on three Provo canyon springs to be included in city water- works system were approved. : ; Skull of Man 750,000 Years Old Discovered Near Peking SAN FRANCISCO, Aug. 12 (OLE) Dr. Ralph , Chaney, of the university uni-versity of California and -the Carnegie Car-negie Institute, announced today that the skull of a "Peking man," believed to be 750,000 years old, had teen discovered in a limestone cave near Peking. . . ' . "The skull was the first' complete, com-plete, one of its kind ever discovered," dis-covered," Dr. Chaney said, "and is a priceless- treasury of inestimable inesti-mable value to the scientific world," ? , . . - He described, the skull as being almost completely intact and containing con-taining six 'teeth. If further .study bears out , present 1 conclusions it will furnish science with its oldest old-est relic of a race of semf-humans, long since, wiped of if the earth, he said.--,. ' : . -i-C. i r'v vThe skull wastfound- July 6. fey Dr. . Franz "Weigenreich, . director of the research laboratory v of Cenezoic - in Peking. , Scientists working with this laboratory have Paul Revere Act Proves Only Boner Of East Radio Fan WEST NEW YORK. N. J., Aug. 12 COB) Charles Richards, Rich-ards, asleep in a chair in his home last night, was awakened awak-ened by someone who shouted: shout-ed: "Stick 'em up!" Without With-out waiting, ne ran through the pouring rain and telephoned tele-phoned police. Three radio police cars and a riot squad arrived and entered the house in time to hear a radio announcer an-nouncer say good-night until next week "When there will be another gangster program." pro-gram." ark L Tripp of Springuille Dies in Fall at Store Mark E. Tripp, 44, Sprlngville druggist, was found dead on the basement floor of his store, Tripp Drug, at 7:45 a. m. today, killed, apparently, in an accidental fall. An inquest made by Sheriff E. G. Durnell, County Attorney Arnold C. Roylance, Assistant Attorney Dean Terry, and Doctors George A. Anderson and G. G. Neill, disclosed that Mr. Tripp had been killed in a fall about 1:45 this morning. His body was found by his assistant, as-sistant, David Friel, when he went to work about 7:45 a. m. Clerks at the Mission Cafe, establishment next door to the drug store, said Tripp called there about 1:30 a.m., just before going back to bis store to lock up. Slips on Stairs It is believed he walked downstairs down-stairs to turn off the basement lights, then slipped on the rounded steps and fell as he started back upstairs. His head and throat (continued on Page Five) 1 Boyer Succumbed to Heart Attack Paschal L. Boyer, 34, slayer of four Davis county people in October, Octo-ber, 1935, died at the state mental hospital here of a heart attack, an autopsy performed today disclosed. dis-closed. Beliefs that his death was caused caus-ed by a brain tumor were exploded as physicians found that coronary thrombosis of the heart resulted in Boyers passing. No brain tumor was found, although al-though the autopsy showed the left lobe of the' brain to be abnormal ab-normal In charge of the post mortem was Dr. Garland H. Pace. Provo. I superintendent of the state hos- pital. Dr. O. A. Ogllvie, Salt Lake City, performed the operation, as sisted chiefly by Dr. L. L. Daines, dean of the medical school of University of Utah. Present at the autopsy were doctors and attorneys involved in Beyer's trial when the former pital last January, including Wade M. Johnson, district attorney of the Second judicial court, who butcher was committed to the reprosecuted re-prosecuted Boyer. and Dr. J. E. Trowbridge of Bountiful and Dr. A. A. Robinson of Ogden, state alienists. v R. Vern McCullough, Boyers' attorney, also .was present At the time Boyer was commit-ed commit-ed to the hospital he was awaiting trial on a plea of not guilty because be-cause of insanity on charges of muruenng Airs. Blanche Nelson, one of Boyers four slain victims during October, 1935. ' the Peking area for years and found several partial skulls previously. previ-ously. . "Early and incomplete studies of the skull indicate there has been little change In the facial characteristics of the Mongolian race in the thousands of centuries which have passed since the 'Peking man lived, the doctor said. y "Previous discoveries permitted us to reconstruct part of the head, the lower jaw and skulL We know what he ate and how he lived. Now. : with the upper jaw in our hands, we have .'a complete picture pf this ancient-man, ' RAIN DEFEATS UNION LEADERS DETROIT,. Aug." 12 Unkm leaders today blamed the weather for : the listless response to their second. march on' Henry : Ford's River, Rouge plant to distribute literature of jthe United Automo- 19 CRUSHED iim oni i hftoc 1 lkil 'I II t UWI"- OF TENEMENT Flood Undermines Old Structure; Police Hero Loses Life NEW YORK Aug. 12 (UP.). Police searchers today dug; 19 bodies from the wreckage of a six-family. dwelling, in Staten Island which collopsed during torrential rains last : night. . Four other persons, were -z killed elsewhere in the metropolitan metropoli-tan area during- the height of the - storm, two by lightning and two ' -by drowning. The dwelling which collapsed ' . was a 60-year-old, two-tory tene ment built in three section : upon - high brick foundations with., a. . frame super-structure. It was' situated on New street, a cobble-stoned, cobble-stoned, alley-like thoroughfare in the Port Richmond-New Brigh-. ton community. Flood Strikes The victims were tenants and visitors trapped in the crumbling edifice by flood waters which swept down the block-long street-and street-and rose several feet deep in front ' and behind. The waters, backed up from a clogged storm sewer, .undermined the 60-year-old foundations and dumped the superstructure into its huge cellar, nearly 20 feet-deep. feet-deep. , ' . - Buried in. the .debris of sodden - plaster., splintered wbod. twisted' pipes" . and household niiujhiss : erson. 44: Louise Peterson fil hi erson, 44; Louise Peterson; 6, her aaugnter; wmusiB Carsten. 16; MrSjVVirglaia Budnick, 25;' Vir- : : ginia Budnick. 4; Helen Budnick, r ' 6; Joseph Budnick, 2 r Anthony , Pizybezski, 32; Mary Silver, 25; Mary Louise, 40; Louis CoraL 38; Beatrice Malicki,. 20; Adam Ma-licki, Ma-licki, 26;. John Stoltsentheler.;.72; Mary Hurley, 29; Patricia Hurley,' - ; ieier ernanaex, - 37; Memn Decker, 35. Dies : A Hero McBreeh died a hero, attempting attempt-ing to save two children. Police had erected a ladder to the front porch and he had climbed into the building. A moment after he dis appeared the structure fen.- So terrific was the rain and -: thunderstorm that the building's fall was not audible above the din -of theitlements. - ' j ', All the bodies were crushed. . ' Three persons escaped from the - wreckage alive. They were Louis Peterson, 41; James Mitchell, 72, and Mrs. Marie Coral, 2S, whose nusoana was killed. They. were. taxen tn a hnsnifni iiffHn f mm ' 1 " - P w - W..":... i severe in furie. s -. i More than 300 fireman and po v licemen searched the debris. V .. ' v a' "-" ''I Baseball Scores AMERICAN LEAGUE . First game New York .... 204 02i 010 10 Boston .... 003 244 12x 16 Pearson, Makosky, - Wicker and ' Dickey; Marcum, Walberg, New-: som ana Berg. ' s. s First game- r m Chicago 000 200 420 S Detroit ........ 301 003 40x U. - Cain, Brown and Rensa; Lawsori - ; I and York. ' ; : I St. Louis Cleveland 000 000 000 011' Knot and Hemsley: Hudlin and Sullivan. . ' ' -. . Philadelphia ... 110 000 Washington .... 000 000 , Kelley and Brucker; Deshong and. , R. FerreU. " x . . - Second game New York ...... 00' Boston ........ 00 sautels. . . - -j - NA3IONAI. LEAGUE First game ' ,.; ' 5 Brooklyn 000 101 000--2." V ! Philadelphia" . . . Q10 000 11x4- 3 Hamlin' and Spencer; Mulcahy and , . i Grace. - 1 y'' Boston-i 200 020 01 T; New-York .V...; 000-210 10 'i ' Bush, Ianning and Mueller; Cas-: : ' tleman, -Melton' and' Danning.; ; :; Chicago-. . ;. v. n 001 4 H; ---v? : Brandt, Brown and Paddcn; Carle-ton- and Harnett,. O'Dea:.1 ; r V 1 Second game ' 3.. ,V'-f.i Brooklyn ..V;-. i. 0C0 CCD Philadelphia " .iv !004 ZZ , ' - Butcher, CantweUtand Chervinko; 5 -I . t Been. concentrating .ahelrwork.. tn l bua & Workers .inioiW ,Passauand : Atwood.j. .- ; . - ' . ;- .. -r -- . ,-zi:r -:-r t-.: y. i - - - - . . i. , --ir ?t" |