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Show Illllllllllllllllllllllllllllllltlllllllllllllllm Western Resources WRAP-UP iiiiiiNniiiiiiiiiiiiiiii!iiiiii!i!iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii:iiiiiiiiiii;ii:iiiiii!iiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiiii Effects of critical minerals loss by Helene C. Monberg, Vernal Express Washington Correspondent Washington The loss of just one critical mineral, chromium, to the United States as a result of a cutoff of this key material from Southern Africa could reduce the United States gross national product by $15.2 billion over a three-year period and cost the U.S. 146,000 jobs annually, the Bureau of Mines recently estimated. The Bureau made this estimate in a July report to Chairman George E. Brown, Jr., D-Calif ., of the Transportation, Transpor-tation, Aviation and Materials Subcommittee Sub-committee of the House Science and Technology Committee. Brown asked the Bureau last September to make estimates for his panel of the effects of a cutoff of specific critical minerals from Southern Africa under three scenarios. They were: A 100 percent cutoff of South African chromium, ferrochromium and manganese supplies for three years, with a concurrent disruption of 90 percent of adjacent Zimbabwe's chromium exports. A 50 percent cutoff of these same materials from South Africa for six months to one year. A 100 percent cutoff from South Africa for three months. In replying to the request after making mak-ing the study, the Bureau underscored that a three-year cutoff is highly unlikely. "Most experts agree that the probability of a disruption in Southern African mineral exports of the kind hypothesized in the Chairman's first scenario is very low. Releases from the National Defense Stockpile have not been assumed under these disruption disrup-tion scenarios. Stockpile releases could be expected to reduce estimated disruption costs," the Bureau's July report to Brown's panel stated. There would be some adverse effects on the U.S. economy, it said. Dr. John D. Morgan, chief staff officer of-ficer of the Bureau of Mines, holds the effect on the United States would be minimal if Southern Africa no longer supplied critical minerals to this country. coun-try. Morgan told Western Resources Wrap-up (WRW) on Aug. 5, "The loss of our source of supply of critical minerals from Southern Africa would pose no great problem for us. We have in our strategic stockpile three years' supply of chronium and cobalt, two years' supply of manganese and about a year's supply of the platinum group metals. We could meet our critical needs through releases from the strategic stockpile and by implementing implemen-ting the Defense Production Act. We could meet our other industrial needs for these minerals through commercial commer-cial sources in the Free World and through substitution. The skies won't fall down if we lose this source of supply," supp-ly," he said. The average America is more likely like-ly to be robbed on a street in Washington, D.C., than be affected by loss of critical materials from South Africa, our traditional supplier of key materials, Morgan continued. In addition, addi-tion, we have prepared for such an emergency, according to this expert on critical minerals. Morgan recently wrote a backgrounder on how the United States would cope "in the event of a supply disruption" of critical minerals not only from South Africa but from any source in the world. In sum, it stated, the first action would be to monitor exports, to be followed, if necessary, by export controls. A worsening supply situation would require re-quire imposition of priorities and then a system of allocations under Title I of the Defense Production Act. If the shortage persisted, withdrawals could take place from the strategic stockpile on the order of the I "resident under the Stockpiling Act. A long lasting supply disruption would call for supply expansion pro prams under Title III of the Defense lroduction Act. These would cover not only domestic deposits but also deposits from reliable foreign sources. The Hureau of Mines In the Interior Department would recommend the needed mineral supply expansion programs pro-grams to the Federal Emergency Management Agency l FEMAt, which would direct the General Services Ad-ministration Ad-ministration (USA) to make the necessary contractual arrangements to bowl sources of supply of specific key minerals, according to the Morgan backgrounder. Morgan ltd WHW human ingenuity ingenui-ty tends to gel around minerals shortages. shor-tages. The Bureau's report to the Hrowrt panrl ma le the same point It stated. "Recent historical experience with mineral supply disruptions has shown that Imp-n Is have trrn modest. Id liM-l, tnf r sample, hrn the Soviet Union cut off manganese and thromium shipments to the t'nited Male1 in retaliation for restricted U.S. exports of manufactur ed grinds during the Herhn crisis, manganese supplies Irnm other countries made op for the shortfall. "The embargo of Khodesian thr"tnHrti sales to the foiled Stairs from thmuth 1971 as cushioned by natiina) ddrn Mi Vpde sales, in VtTitotj buildups prior to the action, in I i creases production and by evasion of the embargo. Nickel shortages created by a strike in Canada during 1969 were mitigated by greater scrap utilization, increased production from other countries, coun-tries, substitution and a large release of nickel from the stockpile. And the temporary shutdown of cobalt operations opera-tions in Zaire in Southern Africa fostered substitution and increased recycling," the Bureau report stated. MIXED SIGNALS WRW has found during the past two weeks a wide divergence of opinion among Interior Department and other experts about potential effects on the American economy if civil war broke out in politically shaky South Africa and spread to neighboring countries. Former Interior Secretary William P. Clark, who was National Security Adviser Ad-viser to President Reagan prior to holding the Interior post, was concerned concern-ed about the loss of our minerals storehouse, Southern Africa. Interior Secretary Donald P. Hodel shares the same concern, as does acting Assistant Assis-tant Interior Secretary Wayne N. Marchant. The minerals of greatest concern was chromium, cobalt, manganese and the platinum group metals, all critical to the production of military weapons, aircraft and ships, and to basic industrial manufacture. We have relied on South Africa for all but cobalt, which we have obtained from Zaire and Zambia via shipments through South Africa, according to the Bureau July report. The United States does not produce these critical minerals in sufficent quantities to meet its needs. Japan and Western Europe are even more dependent depen-dent on imports of these and other critical minerals. Only the Soviet Union is nearly self-sufficient in them. Some think we should look harder within the U.S. borders for key minerals to protect our national interest. in-terest. The National Strategic Materials and Minerals Program Advisory Ad-visory Committee (NSMMPAC) chaired by Admiral William C. Mott, USN (Ret.) , stated in a May report it was concerned about "a loss of national na-tional focus about the indispensabili-ty indispensabili-ty of resources to the nation's well-being...Public well-being...Public lands issues concerning domestic minerals recovery are in a legislative regulation-litigation gridlock. Thus, development of new approaches ap-proaches and technologies to exploit U.S. minerals has been virtually halted.. .New ways of conflict resolution resolu-tion must be found (to make) public lands accessible for multiple use to provide future ore deposits as a basic requirement to the survival of the U.S. metals-mining industry," the Mott committee stated. In January an Interior Advisory Committee on Mining and Mineral Research stated the United States was becoming increasingly dependent upon foreign sources of supplies of strategic and critical minerals and fuels. It recommended that the United States government should improve and advance the technological base of the U.S. minerals industry by improving improv-ing educational programs at the nation's na-tion's minerals institutes and colleges and by providing more support for minerals research and development. W. Perry Pendley, a former Interior Department official who is now special counsel for the National Critical Materials Council, made an impassioned impas-sioned plea in Reno, Nev., on March 23 to the President's Commission on Americans Outdoors to recommend that the nation's mineralized areas remain re-main open to mineral exploration. These recommendations have gone largely unheeded. The three-member council is down to one member. President Presi-dent Reagan has shown little interest in it or its mission: to advise him on critical and strategic materials. "Critical and strategic minerals ore important to our industrial base. This has been an issue ever since I came to Washington in the 70s," a former aide to a Western senator recently told WRW, "but nothing ever happens. It's hard to get people Interested In minerals that few people ever heard of." IIOISE-PASSEI) DOI FI NDING MIL HI.tK KS INC REASE IN Pt HI.IC LAND CRAZING FEE Washlnglon-twKWKIn passing the im appropriations bill totalling 18.19 billion for the Interior Department Depart-ment I DOll and other agencies (ItH .12.1411. Itept. 9714) on July 31, and House blocked an increase in the grazing graz-ing fee on public lands and voted for an amendment by Rep. George Miller, D Calif., to block a proposed settlement settle-ment of the lengthy Westlands water dispute in California. This Is likely to end serious efforts In Congress this year to bl the gracing grac-ing fee on public lands managed by the Hurcau of Land Managment (HLMl and the U.S. Forest Service KS). The House action is attempting to block the Westlands settlement may I only a temporary setback for Interior, In-terior, which claims it already has the Irgal authority to settle this water dispute and to submit it to the court for approval. Chairman Sidney It. Yates. D III., of 'poor; i? s t DIGGING THROUGH a pile of sawdust for candy and bobbing for apples keeps children busy at Uintah Care Center's community com-munity barbecue. s n d ' i- J : jl - if v . v. . ' v..-; Life 1 ; - W i - " ' f fl ' . w fcV( -v'. -- is SINGING SOME old time favorites Hicks, Jaxie Kelley and Terry Kelley. MIK-TI; V'" -i JANIEL GARDNER, Troy Burton and Doris Burton, entertain with some foot stomping music at the center's barbecue. Care Center has barbecue A large throng of people joined with the residents and staff of the Uintah Care Center on Saturday, Aug. 16 for a barbecue luncheon, entertainment and visiting. The center's annual community barbecue attracted folks of all ages. The kids searched through a wading pool full of sawdust for candy, bobbed bobb-ed for apples and hooked prizes from a fish pond. Meanwhile, the adults were entertained by local singers, and musicians. The barbecue is hosted by the center as a way of expressing gratitude to the community for their support. It is also an occasion welcomed by the residents who enjoy socializing. the House Interior Appropriations subcommittee sub-committee had persuaded the Iloi.se Appropriations Committee to appi ax-a ax-a five-year plan to increase the public land grazing fee from the cunvm si d per animal unit month iAI'Mi to S l in fiscal 1987, then in increnien! ol more more than 3:1 percent a o .m-til .m-til it topped out at $4,KH in fisc.il iwi An AUM is the cost of grazing one cow for one month. "Such phasing-in will result in full market value fees being in place in the fifth year after implementation, im-plementation, (in) grazing u-ar the report stated. But this was a legislative provision on an appropriations bill, heme subject sub-ject to a point of order on the House floor. Rep. Joe Skeen. It N M pro ceeded to knock out the provision on the grazing feet increase uhentuebill came to the House for dciwic July 31. This exchange took place on the House floor: Skeen: "I make Hie point ol orkT tkit section 314 tor Hit 4i)4i is legislation in a general appropriation bill and violates clause 2 of (House) Rule XXI The section affirmatively directs the Secretaries of Agriculture and Interior to establish grazing fees, and sets forth terms and conditions for those fees The section is clearly legislation, and should be ruled out of order " Yates: "The t'ommilti-c concedes the point of order." House Chair: "The point of order is conceded and sustained and the section sec-tion is stricken from bill " So the grazing fee on puMic land re mains at $1.35 per At'M the rale set under the Public Hangelands Improvement Im-provement Art of I9T8 i PI. rtv.MJt Although that law expired in l'nr,. all efforts by the Administration to increase in-crease the tee on public bonis have tailed, evert though grazing ! s on other government lands, notably thse. held by the military, are mm h fvg!n r The Committee rrptt staM " ' fees arc bard n.,'uol or. roir't:! hi'Mmg and I -v fnur, per A I'M in Itw. "4 copy - -tfl - -1 - r v are: Esther Hicks. Robert Crime information Crime in Utah...The quarterly report on Crime in L't;ih just arrived and slums a 2 percent increase in crime statewide over the same period last year The repori , published quarterly and .iiiiaiiilU ! the I't.ih Department of l'i,i. lie .Sili : . provides inhumation on tin ivpe ami volume ol crime in any ;ic i area u! the stale Two figures arc M.-in-iardicd Aorkload ;uid limited to iiKiev ei tines. They are uselul as leii't'em-e litalet ul .111(1 ils ail indicator of .rone levels A.- 1 :-e'ilcd last quarter, index eii;:;s are ili"-e crimes which are mo i i-cqiieiitly ouumiig. and or have the inosi serious impact on our Mtei. iv The eijdtl index crimes are crii'.iii 1 1 ni,m ;d('. cii cilite rae. rob-be rob-be a; :, .(ed a'-smlt. burglary, tin tl . ..iitu !i !' and ai --1'it I. n . i .i.ti-s t.ij i be in s( six mimtlis ul l.'.U. it I t-a d t V 2 H vent ov er the same n ; al u i t he largest increase in-crease e is n i'1'.nuiial hoiiiiH'Mle w Inch --Low s ti. pi i -.nil", ii'iii ileted in thebrsl .i n..n'iM.t Has Vear as op puM'il In I'l III l ii i liape (lll'l riililH1! y lin iriM l i i (. iii ul Hut glary. assault and auto 'bell showed iteel (ji The I'm in i t I or Jat v i!h ,i!!V'- I '..''1..! iiws increases C-: ,i:.- "n... i lines. sui h as Uu-i!. whith are in- . niMiiiH- pi tit ir las ii i a il f Sen . VMu lt the ai ea Crime t-c anal;,i ' ' s I to e is ;v- i t .in - I ihat the I i ji - e in the 1 1 ! ,ii, ai ihe uiiol I -:i')-ie, in i.i.i . iii the itvi uitiiit, ilu lilt ;i riti" is i ci'l'i.ta l eo i " j.T ill Km 1 1 nit i mi i , i h -. i (ii)d Itial lintrx U, l!ie h'' ( Mill.' in t pel i ei.l , iilt i" ! , III-. i-.. ' . 1 ' i V ! t II I! 'I !CI j lied HI those i ") a in die 1 1 i t i.i if, ihe s!rt!r. . i i -,i d t t liitu-g in i t! ! ! g ae h'hU ! !-.-. r in 'iral t !h 'r . ' ' ai.ii g it.e i i . T" p r i. ; Jin ! n ivd in Ihe Tips for better health by Kathie Brendemuhl AVMC Community Relations Summer's end invites school reminders bummer vacation is almost over, and millions of students will soon shoulder the school books once again. But for some children, September will mark their first encounter with school. For these smallfry students, there are special considerations parents should be reminded of: 1) Get those innoculations. Make sure your child has had all necessary innoculations. And see that your school has a record of them, along with completed com-pleted medical forms and proof of age. Along with the usual vaccinations for DPT, polio, measles, mumps and rubella, there is also a new vaccine now available to halt the leading cause of childhood meningitis and other related bacterial diseases. The "HIB" germ affects about one out of every 200 children before they reach age five. The disease leads to hospitalization, sometimes mental retardation, deafness and epilepsy. Ten percent of the time the disease is fatal. The new HIB vaccine was approved by the Food and Drug Administration this past April and is recommended for all children two years and older. Also, those 18-23 month olds who attend day care programs should be considered for vaccination. Your family doctor or the Health Department can advise you on vaccination. 2) Have eyes and ears tested. See that your child has his eyes and ears tested before starting school. Many times children are "diagnosed" by teachers as slow, when a hearing or vision vi-sion deficiency may be the culprit. Identifying such situations before hand can help parents, teachers and children work together to prevent lear- Chiefs Corner by Robert T.Downard Vernal City Chief of Police incorporated cities, and along the Wasatch Front 78 percent occurred in cities. The good news? 85 percent of all reported crime in the state occurs along the Wasatch Front. The local picture in this regard is consistent with statewide figures. Of the 801 index crimes reported in the three county area, TO percent or 557 of the reported index crimes occurred in the incorporated areas which provide municipal police services. In L'intah County for example, 531 index crimes have been reported to the police since January of 1:mw5. Of that total. 154 occurred oc-curred in the unincorporated area of l'intah County. 16 occurred in Naples City and 3fit. or M percent, occurred in Vernal City. Does this mean that more criminals live in cities than unincorporated areas? No. these figures are consistent w ith the fact that urban areas are impacted im-pacted by all the people living in and around them, t'rban centers are the places here all residents frequently meet to transact business, attend school, participate in social and recreational opportunities and shop. Therefore, a city which is an urban center will be Impacted by the criminal clement Irom all surrounding areas. This is an important fad to con-silT con-silT when planning programs and the allocation and distribution of law eti bmcmrhl rrwurtes and activities tftpdive"! i JifluH 0wstioiL.T1re effcvturttrss of police has bertl the subject of hratcd debate, I'of tXam pie. the effect of preventive palml is art intangible factor Smne atgiie that p!ce,!ie patrol has to a!!m t the criminal rlrment by brmtirg opportunity oppor-tunity w it h p"i H P pt e-etx e 1 he pi v biem is that there is M way to mcasui e this aflrt t ft iriie ptr r h! irt ptigrams i h a nrg!.!nrb-d w atch ha ptitiHT-d "ne rf'ntUP rrii!i pregram has reui!.ed in the rarhrr frpr1irg ol crime which dr t!y a'' ts the ssk crss of pbce in .. i? e l! m It t-a- alo fesu?e-i1 in A fi-,iiid jr., trae in tbp riirVr of Ar-ffl Ar-ffl rij c (t (He rfn e --e Tt-e ,, lrm if-.ai tn of the pi tra"- and flititit.es of p-!lte t annul t Friday, August 22, 1986 Yeffial ExffeSS 7 ning disorders from occuring. 3) Handle basic personal needs. Ensure En-sure the child can handle basic personal per-sonal needs such as tying shoes, using the bathroom, knowing the first and last names of parents, home address and telephone number, and even names of relatives or friends to cal when parents can't be reached. Ana don't forget the valuable lesson of not accepting gifts and car rides from strangers. 4) Physical preparedness. Insist on your child getting a good night's sleep and eating a good breakfast before each school day begins. School is hard enough for youngsters without the complications of insufficient sleep or nutrition. 5) Know the bus route. Your child should know the best route from home to the bus stop. Practice the route, and too, ensure familiarity with the bus travel pattern. If your child will walk or ride a bike to school, practice the route and safety procedures. 6) Be positive. The reaction and attitude at-titude of mom and dad toward their i child's experiences with school can go ' a long way toward determining how a child feels about school. A positive attitude at-titude on parent's part can help the child enjoy this special time even more. If you are new to the Vernal community, com-munity, Ashley Valley Medical Center Community Relations Department can provide you with physician and health care referral for the area. Simply call AVMC at 789-3342 and ask for Community Relations. Uintah to battle Cougars, Aug. 29 Uintah High School's girl tennis team will host Pleasant Grove, Friday, Fri-day, August 29 in their season opener. The Ute team will battle Payson, 1 p.m. and Spanish Fork, 3:30 p.m. on the road, September 2. The Utes will host Carbon, September 3; Provo, September 10 and Springville, September 15. The Utes will battle Pleasant Grove and Timpview in away matches, September 17. Uintah will host Spanish Fork, September 22 and Payson, September 2G. The Utes will battle Carbon. September 24; Springville, Provo, September 29 on the road. Uintah will host Timpview, October 3. The region meet is set for October 7 and 8. measured in hard cold numbers. Kf-fectiveness Kf-fectiveness by comparison of cases cleared arc impossible because no standard guidelines have been adopted state or nationwide to insure everyone is using the same rules in clearing cases. This issue promises to continue until these guidelines are standardized standardiz-ed and adopted at least statew ide by the law enforcement community Effectiveness by workload factors alone can le some indication I a w enforcement en-forcement in Utah made 4ato arrests in the tirst six months of im That is 571 fewer arrests than in the first six months of I'.m5 Thcrclnre. when show ing a 2 percent increase m ihe ihiivNt ol crimes, and t percent Uh re.ee in the numbers of at t els, there is some (ndicatnmtb.it police have tws-ii -light ly less effective in J",jm This assumption is further enhanced enhanc-ed when considering that in 'he (irst six months, police ret iceie-l $ 21 of each dollar stolen, where I bey recovered $ ? of u h dollar stolen during the same period in m However, the lads show that in the lirst six months of the year, IRVWt r in stolen ptosrty value va rrported thart last year Hie laiotii Ime is 'bat u'lld wr i.o datdi?e the trfN-tt-iig ftitev r"e )i n-v g'liiig !u lt hAh ' tvi'ed and qiftiowMe issue ThctroJM and t fled relationship in (tie ryn,ut ii.ir. r,i ul i.i i.e ()i irt i ini 1 h welf (ewiT ,i!sU an tr rt f '"t '"'"! ' ', trade Us year ert tad ' f it !. the year t !ol evet and the fowl bg iipt air r'l it S cond. nrty area of (be sta'e ha rx ptrirpird deirrre m available fpcoljrif" 1 b5 t1ie,n t- rt pi'n'-e of In rts lbr lad i thai t!rir are ii'"re tfiirvtoa' 1hanc'-jr ! pmv hi) well he t'-e I rt ml i ij'H.o lis in pdn e tfiie. aVhm;fh tin.tsa'v, w ! fri;;t iii l ; rf:ri ' 1 ("- I' w ! ' i i.Tri'e !. srf- I ! iii (l e CI i rn. Iti'K WiU If il I |