Show UTAH Brie Notes on Its Physical Fea FeaBy I By J H PauL Pant tures Resources and wul Development I 1 TIlE TJ REIGN OP OF J FIRE To the tho Editor of the Deseret News tour if Ur InS ing or of several months ngo I now pro pre pout sont II a series ot of brief notes on the Ulc I phys physical leal ical features S o ot f Utah Sevrai of theo little essays OMay VIII nili smack of the tho classroom because e the materials have been In that atmosphere anti were Intended for that use An Investigation was begun over twenty years eIS ago hon for nine moo suo years yeara the writer riter II ii dailY class In higher geography at the tha tint The Tho C course Lon consisted In t part nIt or of local and occupied ltd th the place pIneo sInce given to physical I geography Juc ot of thIs Ie tonal inn 1 lariat Into bre brief form torm toni hAs hAsben ben been ado oll for US use in the tho 1010 ut or Uth Utah durIng the tho next 10 five years anti wi will hut lit In VOl For Forthe the tho certain fundamental as poets etl of the geography of our state selected wih 0 a ow to Interest the tho I abr and to instruct the tho stranger inny appear for tho the six ix weeks on Tuesdays Thur ay trot Surdy n th the or cit your valuable ppe paper Should tue afford to 10 your readers I a fraction ot at tho enjoyment anti and information that thI thou preparation ha baa given to the wrier writer then brief D as they while appear they 1101 have hn Wort Worth Worthwhile Yours Tours wih with f respect JH 3 H PAUL PAULEE PAUL 1 EE HISTORY DEA For the sAk soko merely lt of logical on con l an 1 a ow Ob l will 11 frt first 1 be rne on a 0 some what d dry part ot of the tho pr pro past so explanatory tory of at the J physical ot of th the land landforms forms rocks minerals and Mis sells ot of this tUII Among the thu un no USIla usual thing things noticed by the tho Investigator In Uta Utah ol are the tho hot springs Ind and the varioUs natural waters containing sot ul Iron salt Id and minerals time th mineral ois oils and the tho solidified h hy 1101 as well troll al as coal cOlli the 11 lava rocks tIle the granite beds the tha cones tho folding or faulting ot of strait strata the enormous III slip which toOt lott the Wa Vo Wasatch satch mountains on the tho western ida Wh n the Grant GruM Basic sank IWI away f frint n thorn the tho still higher broken on th thin north b hi II a similar fault ni oil these point to tI i a When the internal fr fires ot of the tho earth much morn alone native Iha thao tl they tore aro today must have melted rock to 10 wol up front time tho interior forcing 16 ta WIY way through the tho o overlying Ir of audi 0 01 sometimes tho hll r II to In larga the globo cinco In III a incIted condition or lint 01 may ho doulet doubted but It has hus always oel boon hot within and Il Internal fires hwo hover coMel cease to bur burn Old sot vol canoes h lit time un anti Iwar near Fillmore SprIngs and andIn andin In the tho far south ot lh tw the hot pol pots nt at Midway the tho Purge sulphur deposits tend to that tue tho 1011 reign ot of hOlt heat wilch which once according to th the earlier theory converted the tho earths earth surface Into snot lake of at tro lire sheathing the tho molen molten globe to the tho con tor f which the tho gold oll platinum 1011 Ind and other othor heavy this reign of nr Iru tIre l to I Itself elt Ion hang the larth earths crust uter Utter tue tho hot anti boiling waters that have covered It hail ceased II ed to ho the Iho ot of hauled onno that once Ince this planet anti lon Ionic the crust b by thin tho notion ot of imater tor on the tho original 1001 rook of at the earths cruet had boon heen termed Into lImb upon layers In which opochi Ifor after epoch It if geological hA In the Iho wn we strata ot of the earth l I rhose anti lop I o cit t ot of I Point with emphasis In I to nury 10 lie termed the Iho hitter i reign n ot IC II tile I IL thus with tell I It more recent coni ot of water lUll Still Later tue of th the atmosphere which Sn m lay may cull the reign ot of nIl air These anus have given 1 ti sum to other othor lands its racks oral and soils Its minerals cal conic I I ouch nIl Olly duly th the post can explain th thu pisit I ot of the 0 surface Ih flu I last a lols flows tho It etc ut of this eating IUn haul Ot of time tho reign a of use Iho We 01 ma inter hut but lithe ot of the tho 11 or of h loh formed the tho tine tilled rooks that first overlay norla Ihl the It ad earl 11 have abundant but the tho or oC which wo ire spent bol bore to toI he lt if the and nd U only onh I a o or indirect t or of I Ih 1 i ot of lo loo the o earth rh I its a o of lire nil m was thought to tn L be time Iho nelll basis ot of our hut 11 l Petit cl lowe both tI shown Ilot I I i J WhIch were oc toO to be Inong among the tho oldest rk rocks Id anti to the llio primeval or of thoU tho melted earth havo r really bOemi thrust up from the Interior Aul to the tho ot of the tho cambrian anti oven ot of th the GranIte rock ot of which the tho st Salt Lr Temple Is buit built Is wol well known hero r I It certain that It was 00 once In I a melted condition nn and that It enough to por unit lb ILu minerals too to form Into crystals crystals Is Its three main constituents as b by the naked G are 1 hiLtI portions called 2 hornlIke ot of gy grey yellow or 01 sometimes color clo called 3 glitterIng BoJe ot of white or 01 mica The Tho t fall d spar pl Is rapidly changed b by io the nt at Into ca clay thui mie mica contains Ir irOn I nn and 11 is decayed or rusted by the oxygen of at the tho nil air while th the quartz arans grains apart to form torm nary sad sand Such large rock 18 as compo granite I are ro characteristic als also ot of a goat great cis clasa ot of thae once meled melted Imes rocks called the Tho series They la laIn arose In a molen molten condition tl tho depths ot of the tho rth to 0 be stil still so I highly hoto heated thet that its would melt if IC relieved a te the enormous pross ure duo due to the tho ot of the rocks ab thom Other kinds or Igneous rock to In Utah contain mich ranch tiLe u as Itc granite but in III instill sUI still larger anti amI n are thin 1 tero termed rooks TILE THE l Still othe other kd kinds ot of In Utah Sonic O of theo n are 10 so that minerals are not ilot to bo be aon In III them them T This I la the condition ot of the tho orl once mole melted rook rock th that t for forms the tho Henry mountains I It Is Iscle cle called anti Mi huts much tho composition as gIte granite but without Crystals Indeed nil rook tt that appears P to lowe b boon meled melted snob M its basalt glassy glo rock obsidian liC add the tho various MoI kinds of law have 1 are cm sod or of about to the Rao same clemont elements C an granite but combined or aggregated Though similar m In composItion th the Ine fine or at santa or of Igneous rocks n aro of often ton ver very granite In clor color t Wd inI Th The Interesting and euphonIous unman lh Jo I Id tonI Incite ore given to thc the less leM flar famIliar m mb ot of this series while b basalt Balt and ti the latter I a stall 01 known rok rock constitute the tho otho other division of tho thio I Igneous group group rooks abound La In p garth r or of this state In n the tho case of tho enry mountains Gareld county the 18 consisting or of tells plainly hs OIVI own history in In II a bygone ago age to the 1 materials must havo have welled up und become sOlid tl this lk rocks for tor UI they hilLS IW nh od ad theE overlying strata into huge domes The top wore Th 1 loIl wo VOM 11 away by to the and the tho thet thy t mosses W are 1 over ovel other othor Irth or of southeastern Utah and maimy ot of the tho plateaus ul or of Ut that region Me are wIth roc rook dODES S OF I It bo be remarked fur Cur titer Uler tot that Igneous rocks oCcult In lures which have othel rooks In thom its elongated 1111 narrow bodies et olo ot of sizes 11 in shOots or that In Inter 10 be or of grout lateral ox tent compared wih wIth their In or Of loa iou shape 11 iii or roughly cylindrical mIR masses such IU as aol In thio conduit ot a volcano In bosses or Irregular forms trail In vast irregular boloR tOT Or which no Ingle term tonn 1 P The ot of cry crystalline roce melts like granite hint Ik occasionally occur and that lii In 1011 some Iwer cover or of miles appear to 10 1 have fused their wa way upward by mol molt log InK the tho rocs rocks 1 lying ln tuTor over rhe rhese formations UTe The lt occurrence have In on important on nit the thi lt of Ihl tue TIm Hol to or hint rk muck the tho moat alit not only ot of the Iho nuo II turinI but bait of nay MY of the tho melts wi emr may be picked lp tip where Thought 1 ot or igneous orgin origin I IL Is 1 from water being In hot alkaline 11 I mm this form tonn It occurs occur lely anti geysers ci 01 In the Uto torn Of II tr trees II hardness Is II its ten lure only tho topas the tho the novo tt LI II lit scale ot of har I It many form argus monet Of t itt In ot of the chI lt kinds lr of this wel known nosy hI b or of to quartz 1 In lab three classes tho this vitreous by their gI glassy f fracture the is sub vitreous or WI luster and generally t the Ie basing none a barely glimmering lutr luster or orT Tim vitreous group the porno lure rock 1001 T crystal resembling clear tee the tho purple or bluish violet the tho color due to the l of It the tho falso faise to topaz az ot of tight yellow pellucid Uni roSe roso quartz pink or colored In quartz or ctr with 11 0 tint sometimes I bl black lt milkY quartz quarts pale J anti quit QuIl cOm cOin cOmmon mont mon and amI Iron yellowish brown or ci Jd od odThe The varieties corel arel Chin colony translucent glisten glistenIng leg Ing ot of W waxy with Its COI colors lS usually distributed l In bands the tho moss agates brown with iron onyx with this UlO or ar arranged ranged In flat layers 1 a massive and form torm ot of dark d and Ind often otton sharp harp ed edges oc curing In nodules ot of chalk The 1110 varieties anal red or yellow from the tho presence ot of clay Ud end Iron mr quartz Consisting ot of quartz gains fled tlell or 1 often ot of varIoUs colors color and opal which III t n a softer sotter Hillen und and which exhIbits when turned turnell a rich play of delicate shades White yelloW red tod brown and green are aro SOme of tt its anti and It hrs varietIes Js Real topas crystals sometimes ot of great 1 beauty Couty occur In Inthe inthe the ThomM These are oro composed In part of silica and resemble ble quartz Two other othol forms torm should probably be hinter which I in II a loose porous grayish rock leper lIed around geysers and aull or earth a 0 sub Rub substance stance made up mainly of ct th the flInt of at plants called diatoms |