| Show NE BI HOW THE ENGLISH i ARE GOBBLING THE PENINSULA r TH W A R A LA AND N PLANNING ITS RAILROAD DEVELOPMENT i I II I II I of the by y Frank G Carpenter cm I fr fn fl 1 U O ht t ti tt 7 IV by b COWlS ter terA Dec 10 lift vo voA DIO DF over ever heard CUd what wh l w mc out vou OU who A fald ald to I hi IW boated o ted that tho sun iun never hover ecu Bet l It was wasI hn Dulls c iii I J did tiki not nol dare to sot sol for fot II th c hat ll might steal some somo somei thO It ft mor ti tho the English l own coun i now Ills It u Is Iste J In nearly eMI every evelT Im arL I of o the globo gIlbO gIlbOy tt te more land In North America bave y Thoy have recently add their Afi lean colonies BO no that Hint tO o rI d of ot than tol OW o own OV n more mort pr ier and the they slowly and krIc Sli If gathering In III everything cho Jf luse Ono Olin of or their heir I latest la no ar f I Arabia They fhe now the of or It They fhe r sina thc ther r rIt It tt the tho 0 v vIon e lon Ion of Ot they the can cnn con eon conr r thaL nf ot along 1 the tho lira flee Hc 2 tI through the ports portH which they the am al alI 4 on the tic opposite coast They Thoy Tho M I tl entered c t Into Inlo the tho closest of o rela rl u II with the KUltan of or Oin in ami aint amiC C two uncrowned kings In hi the tha ts of or certain of ot their theil political who wh conS con conni conSt ni Ilia tM th holc of t C nud south t Aba Tile Tho first of ot these In Iu I stu ta r at In Iii but buthe he has hia treaties with this the various trIou tribes H the thc Arabian AlII side lil e of at thin the nit ir wh give the English the trade tm e n the namo amo Is IR true ui u it uI I the tribes of or C southern l In who Ire ate te by bv the resident tcP Itt at t A di n Those These two to il huAo 1111 established end and routeR mules through their th h ei of or influence they tho control t flIS IH 1110 mails hut IUt money mon unit II relI lIell They rhe art arc In lion f n with and the moneys s used Hied it toe mill mid titI annas If Jr I n I e n the tho Arabe and Persians thy y ore are brought to tu the th English rest rel tot tInt ut at n und nod If JC between th thi of Arabia they th are ore areto ought to Aden den for tor adjustment A TO HAVE lIA VE At AI the thc ine Ram time the English 1 are arc the development of ot the tho They fhe have hao proposed to 10 a pilgrimage railway Ill II wa from Crom Jet Je tah ati on the sea Ren opposite Port Su So Sudan tan dan to take tho gloat army of Mo worshipers Inland to 10 Mecca This would connect with their new railroad which now no cruises cre crus lS tile the Nubian desert Clam to tn the tho cape rape t to Calr CalM route and would open up an I I Immense passenger from central and anti upper tipper Egypt E luring the phi pU season Jf Jr the English are not panted ranted tho the concession for tor that road It III probably be bl built by b the thi th themselves and In any au event It II will be more or less lees le s under British control end and be bo a n feeder for Cor tho the Egit han Uan railway Another railroad project Is to run a aline aline ahlee line hlee from Aden Aien Into Yemen The Tho latter Is one ono of oC the richest of oC Arabia It has hns q i good rainfall and Is In noted for tor Its lis coffee coee and grain and fruits of ot vari various van ous out kInds Unda The Idea ICca Is to run tho the line from Irom Alien Mell almost directly northward to Sana ana one Olle of the chief cities ot or Yemen and im un Important commercial center The Tho road Will male make that town the tM capital of o western and southern Arabia A third and still more nore ambitious pro l ro jeet Is f 1 to 10 build n a railroad across tho the northern part parlor of the peninsula thereby a short rut cut to India In and Persia find ui to tho the rich valley of or the Eu Euphrates at the tho head of ot the Persian gulf TIM Tb Tt 3 present plan Is IR to start the tho t road at Port Said and all go eastward across I the peninsula to nUsra on th the Euphrates The Tho most moat of or the way wa will w be right through the tho desert and the tho I distance altogether about aboul 1000 miles mile I I understand that the route Is t a feasible I one we and the Is II that tho the ef r I Ilana lana forts the tho Germans Germana are arc now making milking to I reach the Persian la haO gulf may cause tho the to waite up UI and adopt It THE ARABIAN PENINSULA An As to l Itself It RIM I 1 doubt Whether It II will over furnish a n large traffic for rOl railroads There Thero em certain provinces ouch uH aM Yemen Oman anti and tho Valley of Mesopotamia which urn are fairly well pop populated but bul thin tho whole peninsula lies hUH al ci altogether together not u t more than live millions und the l are art over aveI ti a l terri tern territory tory tor ni largo large 1111 0 ns n the whole United States Stata There ore not a n score core of or towns tons of or any size KI e In iii till nil nod you ou coil can count could tho the cities on your lingers The most Of at if the tho country s III i that about Aden Adall consisting of ot bar anti ancl desert with only a II collation of ot black tents or thatched huts t ti break brenk the tho monotony end with trackless R reaching Off Into lilt the Aiti still Arabia has hUI n const lion lino 1000 miles long longel ev el than titan the tho distance between New rind and San I It H i about 1500 mills Horn north to 10 routh and rind 1200 1 Oo from east to went Almost whole of ut the tho United States east of ot the Ihl could be he crowded Its bordern londers mid and u I part hart of or it Is still unexplored by h white whitt men H It HIs ItIs Is IH a ft mountainous country countr It hint hilts peak twice as high as tie Mount Washington alid the tableland of or Niji Is I on tho time av IW average more inure than a n halt tulle mill above ubo the tile yea I ca South of Mecca there re mo tire moun mountains over vel feet high bight nut and the tile hills hula here hen at Aden den me arc about an as high hihi ns ItH th thu elevation of oC tho the Jibe Blue RIdge In III Virginia Yemen northeast of or Aden running along tho the Red Itei sea ca IN hits has a fairly good rainfall Ill 11 rail and climate Tile The shun samo IH III true or of Oman and The Tue valley of Mesopotamia Is In by b the Eu end ond Is as us fertile us Egypt 1 Eg l apt lt but the tho greater Kreutel part of ot the tho peninsula la Is UK Its barton barren Iren ns as tho thu Sahara Till THE LAND OJ OP MOCHA Tho Thu very lest best of oC our Mocha coffee coffeo is 18 shipped 1 11 om rum Aden Adell den to tu the United lilted U felines I It comes here nuro on oil camels nom Urn tile province of Yemen It 11 Is raised rained d I nun by U tOe natives each elleh family nay log III u n tew tow Its Us hOl house and producing only Dilly enough tot tor home hOlle Ube n II little for fOI trading There are arc no ito big plantations and ami HI no factories rile h tire lire gathered when wilen ripe 1111 am diled hi In thu sun HUll Alter ar nr one put Iut UI up In bales and carried on over oer tOe hula to this place i 1 ney ite arc urn hulled between turned by b hand und and UIO titu Inen winnowed and aull sorted tor ton The Tho latter work oIk Is done by II h the th women who vho look over OI vei witch each grain carefully anti and take lake out tile bid bad Iad ones II Labor is cheap but the coffee has to go through many hands hanus It pays toll to the tho chiefs of ot tar toc tribes who own the thu country through which It Itla Itis Is la carried and tin cs U a U result it IL must be besold beI told sold I at high bight prices For Foi this reason we wo have havo Imitations Of C Mocha trout all a It of or the tho world Dunns During lilY my stay sta on the plantations of uC Brazil 1 I hive have seen cen them label lubel bas bags as ac Mocha ana ap Guatemala unit and other o I coffees are Ule rold under the tho hanio sante name Just now they the are bringing coffees from from Ceylon and Java JUIL to Aden and them here hete They The lie Ho In for tor a few Cew weeks and then go forth Corth IP ic I e and perhaps aa as Art Alt Arabian bian Mocha Macha THE rIlE ENGLISH AT r ADEN ADr N This port of or Aden has belonged to John Johll Bull Dull for something like GS OS years He ITo took possession of ot It In 1839 1833 antI and later on gobbled up the Island of ot Per Pel Perun un In tho the Strait of That Tha t island Is IH about a bundled miles mile from here and the tho two practically cally call control the tho entrance of the Red He It ItHell sea Hell did and the Suez canal l As for Aden It Is 15 the Gibraltar of ot this part of or tho tim world as DS well as one aile of tho the greatest of ot the BritIsh coaling stations station Some Sonic I I thing like steamers and native crafts call at It every year Tho harbor Is excellent and the outer entrance Is Ismore 5 more inure than thun three miles wide Time Tho Inner waters have been so 10 dredged that iiii ors era of or 26 feet can go everywhere and there thero Is room enough eno Ugh for tor all nil the yes ves vessels es leiS eels that pass through the tho canal to lo I anchor hero here at one time Urne From the Mediterranean to thc the Euphrates by Train Iron Tracks for Yemen and Mecca John Gibraltar at Aden Which Controls the tile Suez Canal CanalA A Desert City Chy and Its Curious People A Land Landof Landat ot of the Camel Something About the Arabian Horse I I I i l I 4 x v r k W I c I I II III ty I I mi i 4 c cI I iO i J til It tr qa 1 h rr fcc F L LL L I w I F Ft t i il l 4 4 IL 4 4 f 1 I e r rI 1 i I s A I ITh Th CAMEL MARKET AT ADEN AIJEN I Photographed 11 I ito replied graphed for tho th News iv by Iy Frank ii k G ti Carpenter un v mile r U u hU n nn Aden Adell Is strongly fortified The Tho town toYn stands on a n volcanic isthmus and It IL Is guarded by IW a It broad broa ditch III ch which hits has been cut out of ot the solid BoUd rock It Il huts has a j garrison of or men flail guns gunn of oC tho latest pattern end and nn no one olle knows how many mall subterranean null nail submarine ine inc mines A DESERT CITY OIlY I wish I 1 could show you the time town lown as asIt asit It lies before mo me It Is III the son lest city I 1 have ever seen scon There Is noth Ing lag to lu compare with It except excelL on Oil tho tiit nitrate coast of or South America and amid is a Il Paradise to It Il I II 0 a great harbor of or sea Hea green water the tho shores of which rise rUe almost abruptly Into ragged mountains of or brown rock end and white sand sOlid There Thero Is not a n of ot grass to 10 bo lie seen there me rime no ito trees and even COIl time the cactus vid Ill sagebrush of oC our American desert are arc absent The town Is 15 I without vegetation It Is it ns nl bare an as a time the bones boneK of the tho deed dead camels In the time desert behind It and Its tropical sun beats down out ot of a cloudless clou At Af African rican sky 51 Is gray anti and dazzling white The houses houlles on tho sides of time the hills are arc white tho the rocks back tho the rays ru s of the tho sun lun and tho thu huts upon their sides are uro ot of tho the same seine gray gru color calm as ns themselves Tho Tim city elt looks thirsty amid dry dr It Is dry There Is 15 only a well or 01 so o In the place and these I am ant told the tho Eng English lish usIa bought hought of or their owners for tor some thing like Almost all nil of ot tho tim vator wilter used Is condensed from froth the tho sea and amid fresh water always brings Its price Thero tire lire no ito streams anywhere within mil mallet The town Id is situated In tho crater of ot nn on extinct volcano and there them IH is 11 ono one great depression lon nearby In lii which some Mount famous stone tanks were wore made Ji thousand or so 50 years ago ngo These tunics tanks are re so O big birr that It If they were cleaned out they tho might hold Mf gallons go lions of water Aa As It In iti I they havo now a I at t of ot only gallons The Tho water Is caught when lien It rains ruins and Is III auctioned out to lo till the thi highest hl hest bidder The Time receipts go 10 to the lish government anti a it 1 good ruin nun may mu In Ing in lit or OOOO or more THE PEOPLE OP or DEN ADEN This I is s my toy 11 second visit to Aden Adell My M I was 16 years ago II O when 1 stopped here hare on eli my way IlL around time tIlt world I Ido Ido Ido do not see BOO that the tho town has hAil changed amid I 1 doubt whether It Il has imas any I n moro more people than It ii had then The Thc population tion is 19 about OOOO mind and It Is III maJc up of all tho the nations amid tribes common to Lo tho Indian ocean ocel n It contains Arabs Africans Jews 1 t 1111 Portuguese and amul East Indian Thero are aro about Eu lu Europeans and In lit this number are arc thin the merchants offIcials and 1 soldier The rhe majority of lr the people ale ato Arabs and the tiu pi availing prevailing color is black blacic There theft nr Ir are tall lean skinny black Bedouins from flom room Interior Arabia who believe In Iii Mahomet and each go 0 through their prayers nyc five limns hums a Il lay day There urn uro black from and black from from Abyssinia In tim addition there are timid and Indian of oC various shuttles of yellow ellow ami brown A tow Cow of the time Africans are but bul butmore bullion more lion of ot them have wavy hair hall and anil tho ho halt hair of at the hang down In cork conic corkscrew screw curls on oil both hoth sides shies of their faces Of these t people neither sex ex wears much clothing TIme The men muon have havo a rug rill around tho the waist and timid time till women wear only skills which I each ench to the feet The Tho East Indians are aro everywhere Thoy do tho time most of the tho retail business and trading amid they are ar found ped ling linE on every street corner They The dress dres according to their caste and religion Tho TIm who are an lie fir fI worshipers wear near black coats rind and tall hats hots nf sit t tho the style tle of an 1111 Inverted coal scuttle The rite Indian Mo do 10 wear turbans and the till wrap themselves up imp In great Ireat sheets of uC while cotton In addition there therl are many mammy man Greeks and Italians and amid not a l few foss Persians The English dress In White and wear rear big helmets to Keep keel off orf tho time sun CAMELS AND CARAVANS This hitis hlll Is IF I the time land of at the time camel Car Cam Caravans avans are coming In lit anti and going out of or orthe the time city every overy 00 fy y They bring bags of ot Mocha coffee and gums antI take takeout takeout takeout out European goods goads and other sup supplies plies to time the various oases There Is 18 Isa Isa a II con considerable trade with Yemen and also with tho thin tribes of or southeastern Arabia There are Ille always camels ly I Ing lug In the tho market place JIMa and one on sms sas s them thlIn blubbering and nl crying n nil as they aro are loaded loathed and unloaded They rhe ale are alethe till the tim most discontented beasts upon opal earth and unit mire aro as nl moan as nR they the y look One Mt bit at mo moo this afternoon ns as I passed It and I am told that they tho ne never neer mm ver er become reconciled to their UIL lr masters Nevertheless they the are the rM ht an anImals of or this part of ot the tho th world wont and time the desert could not lIot get I along them They furnish the time greater part of ot the milk for the tho various Arab Arub set sot settlements the tho people make their tents tens of ot camels hair and they the lire are In III fact tact tho thin cows of at the tho dort They or tUf mire ot of many mUll different breeds arid and they vary VUI as lIS much In III character as aH horses There are ure some breeds that correspond to the tho and the best bORt among amen them cnn can carry car half halt a ton at a n loud lond There Thera are aro others fitted only onh for to riding and passenger travel |
