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Show I WEEKLY WEEKL V NEWS SEWS ANALYSISNGfr ANAL ANALYSIS VSIS NGfr . * b h hN hPr N Pr wS wSxt't xt't xtt " ' " o + i i,4ongress ; ,4ongress 4ongress , ' 't t ' # , . Fil I-asnion I asnion - hi } 5Y2 fltf'8i fltf8i ' bICLLOR bICLLORb bICLLORollar U Ooltotr DolLar b r < ollar | j rox Tax Reduction Redtzctton Re r & f ticfi , < mt's mts fl.1(1fi191t fl.11fi191t fl11fi191t ' ' . . ' fdr'19A6 fdr19A6 ' or ( fe'ffT'i/l fe'ffT'i feffTi l ' ' ' 194 / ' ; i ' fi1 j jPonder M . A > r ; .y y < . ' ia 7 4s s to Ponder l Postwar - Ai Amy Afiny , y Trailing 't9in4h t9in4h ' Tr ; : 4i 4iReleased 4 - . i Rele.eCl ReleeCl Released n r . . hT by bi We.tem Wetem We.tetn Wetetn We . m Newspaper " Nw * W.P WP ' ' Mp . r f union unionBotrOB'B UnionEDJTOw Un ) n . , . , ' ' . . . . . . . . . . . : ' f . . . 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"a a " , i . r ' > 1w 1x t 1 w . f fa3 a3 ' ' x a v vLW LW ii 1 1r 1e _ _ r _ _ e k A AWith ' With freedom free * iai of f saeech speech Uflured assured assure * under Jer AUleJ AWed erJera orden order , former f rmer "apaueae apaueae Japanese "apaueaepoUt.lcai " JayaaeayIltlcaJ Japanesepolitical poUt.lcai poUtlcai political . prisoner yriu r addreue addresses a * reasa * . gathering catherlDl ' Ia In ! Tok70 Tokyo T ky * . , Ualer Under feseil proposed Ubera Uberal- Uberal UberalIced liberalUeil " - bed Iced aaUtaUa conaU&uUoD conaUuUoD constitution c & * , all aU NlppoDeae Nipponese NlB > B aes * elemeats elements wuIJ would be b * afforded affr * e opporlanlty opportunity opporlanltyfor opportunityfor rt lt'fr ltfr ' for * racwgaJUea recocnlUoD reeognlUon ta Ia In DaUoo nation's nations aU a'a aa ' ' . ' gevenimeatal I'overomental Ioveromental governmental council councils ca clla . . \Je Je \ JeTAXES ' TAXES : - * . - . M < " MGood Good NewsThough News Though the senate nat and house had hadyet hadyet hadyet yet to comproml compromIse e their dl1Ier differ dl1Ierences differences differencea ences John Q Public could look look10rward lookforward lookforward 10rward forward to substantial reduction reductions * m mincome mincome uiIncome income taxes ' ' in 1040 1946 1940 , , . and Amer Ameni Amenican American ! I can business was assured generous generousrelief generousrelief generousrelief relief for ( or the immediate 1mmedlate postwar postwarperiod postwarperiod postwarperiod period periodNo No less lesa leas than 2 % biUlon billion dollars dollarswaa dollarswas dollarwas * waa was expected to be b lopped off oft of in indlvldual individual individual dlvldual dividual income taxea taxes aa 81 as a reault result of ofproviaIOIUI ofprovisions ofprovlsioDs proviaIOIUI provisions for permitting $ $500 500 roO $ ex ox exemptions oxemptions axeniptlons emptions for dependents before pay payment paywent payxnent ment went of the normal 3 8 per cent levy levyand levyand levyand and the tb * scaling down of surtax surtaxrates surtaxrates tin-taxrate tin taxrate - rates * ratesClooe ratesClose Close Clooe to another t 3 8 billion bOOon dol dollars dollara dollara lars lara was scheduled to be pared from fromcorporation fromcorporation fromcorporation corporation Income taxes through throughsubstantial throughsubstantial throughsubstantial substantial reduction or total e1lmi elim e1lmination elimination ! nation at of the excess exc * i profits proflts assess assessment assessanent assessment ment anent , repeal of the declared value valueexcess valueexcess valueexcess excess profit profits * and capital stock stocklevies stocklevies stocklevies levies and graduated decrease insurtax Insurtax in inurtax surtax urtax rate rates * on companies with less lessthan lessthan lerthan than $60 60 ( $ ; BO 00 000 net returnIn returnIn return In addition to Income tax reduc reductions reducbons reductloni tions bons the use us * tax on automobile and andboats andboats andboat boats * was expected to be dropped droppedSolons droppedSolons droppedSolon Solons were divided on the question questionof of wartime luxury levies however howeverwith howeverwith howeverwith with the house tor for cutting present presentrates presentrates presentrates rates to prewar levels July 1 and andthe andthe andthe the senate against the actionWith actionWith action With reserves well over 6 0 bl1Uon billion bl1Uondollars billiondollars billiondollars dollars both houses were unanl unani unanlmous unanimous unanimous mous in freezing present social se- se seCUrity security se security - - curity payroll taxes at 1 per cent on onemployee onemployee onemployee employee and employer alike and andlorestalling andforestalling andforestalling lorestalling forestalling an automatic Increase Increaseto to 2'1.1 21.1 211 215 2 % ' . per cent apiece January 1Under 1Under 1 Under the tax relief rehef bill drawn up upby upby upby by the senate 0 G I s would not be berequired berequired berequired required to pay taxes on servIce servIcecompensa servicecompensation lervicecompensation compensa compensation tion during the war years yearsand yearsand yearsand and officers would be permitted to tospread tospread tospread spread tax liabilities over a three threeyear threeyear threeyear year period interest mterest free freeLABOR LABOR : Setting PatternWith PatternWith Pattern PatternWith With both Henry Ford II andUnited and andUmted andUnited Umted United Automobile Workers leaders leadersexpressing leadersexpressing leaderaexpressing expressing confidence In settlement settlementof of a wage adjustment at the com corn company cornpany cornp pany ny government official officials ! held hlgh high hlghhopes highhopes highhopes hopes that an agreement might re- re reBult result re result - - sult Bult in the establishment of a post postwar postwar postwar war pay pa pattern ttern and clear the way wayfor wayfor wayfor for speedy reconversionGovernment reconversionGovernment reconversion reconversionGovernment Government optimism was a we wel welcome welcome ! come note in the dreary labor pic- pic plc- plc plcture picture pic picture - ture pointed pomted up by the deadlock in innegotiations innegotiations innegotiations negotiations between the UAW and andGeneral andGeneral andGeneral General Motors over the CIa CIO CIaunion CIOunion CIOunion union s demands for a SO 30 80 per cent centwage centwage centwage wage increase to maintain wartimetake wartimetake wartime take home pay and the corpora corporatlon corporation corporatlon tlon tion s resistance to the demands demandsbecause demandsbecause demandsbecause because of possible effects on pricesSettmg pricesSetting prices pricesSetting Setting Settmg the pattern tor for other CIa CIO CIaUnions CIOunions CIOunions Unions the UA UAW W declared that General Gen General General eral Motors was well able to dip dipInto dipinto dipInto Into alleged huge wartime warume profits to tocarry tocarry tocarry carry over any losses accruing accruingfrom accruingfrom accruingfrom from higher wages until future pro pro- production production production - - duction reached big volume levelsReflecting levels levelsReflecting levelsReflecting Reflecting Industrial sentiment for forits forits forits ' its own part General Motors denied deniedexorbitant deniedexorbitant deniedexorbitant , exorbitant wartime wai wal time earnings and de- de declared declared de declared - - clared any withdrawal from reserves reserveswould reserveswould reserveswould would crimp expansion plansAs plansAs plans plansAs As the companies and unions unionsclashed unionsclashed unionsclashed clashed the administration worked workedon on a reconversion wage policy de designed designed designed signed to guiae guh.e guhe guide . negotiations through throughthe throughthe throughthe the troublesome days ahead Strong Strongly Strongly Strongly ly In Influenced uenced by labor the govern government governanent government ment anent reportedly tavored favored substantial substantialwage substantialwage substantialwage wage boosts to maintain wartimetakehome wartimetakehome wartime wartimetakehome take-home take home - - pay while freezing freezingprices freezingprices ( reelingprices prices at prewar levels except Inhardship In Inhardship inhardship hardship cuesGiving casesGiving cases cues casesGiving Giving both capital and labor Its Itssay itssay itssay say in the formulation of a reconver slon sioo pay program , the government governmentmoved governmentmoved govemmenmoved < moved slowly in the establishmenof establishmentof establishment of policy Hopes ran high that the theforthcoming theforthcoming thiforthcoming forthcoming management-labor management labor - - parley par- par parley parley - ley would result ! In n the voluntar voluntary voluntarycreation voluntarycreation ) ' creation of machinery tor for settlement settiemeni cettlemenof settiemeniof 01 of Important disputesMILITARY disputes MILITARY TRAINING : Await AWaJt ResponseHaving Response ResponseHaving Having received President Tru- Tru Truman's Truman's Trumans . - man's mans ' ' recommendation for ( or one year yearof yearof yeaiof , . of postwar military ml11tary training for forAmerican forAmerican toiAmerican American youth 17 to 30 20 congress congressadopted congressadopted congresiadopted adopted a cautious attitude on the thequestion thequestion th thquestion < question , with one on * ear perked for forpopular forpopular toipopular popular reaction and the other for formilitary formilitary foimilitary , military argumentPersonal argument argumentPersonal Personal congressional response to tothe tothe tthe ( the President s a request varied , with withSenator withSenator witiSenator Senator Kevercomb Revercomb ( Rep . , W Va ) ] declaring " . I am open minded mindedI I -I I - I want to hear both sides aides of this " . while whlle Representative Celler CellerDem CellerDem CelleiDem . ( Dem NY N Y ) exclaimed " . We WePresident W President Prealil t Truman TrM ai asks ewgres congress congresstor congressfor ewgreswant tor for military training lor for youth youthwant ; want no truck with compulsory mll mA mllltary mAitary military ltary itary conscription . . " Meanwhile it was estimated that thatabout thatabout thaabout about 975 000 youth would be called calledup calledup calle calleup < up for training each year under the thePresident thePresident th thPresident < President s program with 250 000 000rejected 000rejected 001rejected rejected for physical or mental de- de deficiencies deficiencies deflciencies - - ficiencies Because of weather considerations con con- consIderations considerations - siderations the largest latgest number of ad ofcamps adcamps ofcamps camps undoubtedly would be lo- lo located lo- lo located lo located - - cated in the south , with regular regulararmy regulararmy regulararmy army officers and non-commlssioned non commlssioned non-commissioned commissioned noncommlssionedofficers noncommissionedofficers non-commissionedofficers non commissionedofficers - - officers in charge Fewer routinetanks routine routinetasks routinetasks tasks tanks such as kitchen police would wouldbe wouldbe wouldbe be In store tor for reservists 't-eservists 't t eservists Yeserviats ' - military militarysources militarysources militarysource sources * said sald . . . lAP JAPAN- JAPAN AN ' - , JAPANReform Reform Imminent ImminentHer Her military machine macblne smashed smashedJapan smashedJapan smashedJapan Japan s a highly hlghly developed economic economicmonopolies economicmonopolies economicmonopolies monopolies designed for foreign as aswell aswell aswell well as domestic exploitation , also alsofaced alsofaced alsoraced faced raced imminent lmmlnent dissolution as part of ofthe ofthe ofthe the Allied A1lIed program to strip Nippon Nipponof Nipponof of her war making potential aDd and aDddemocratize anddemocratize aaddemocratize democratize the countryThe countryThe country countryThe The losers figured gured dgured to be the five flue fivegreat fluegreat fivegreat great financial-industrial financial industrial - families tamille . of ofJapan ofJapan ofJapan Japan , , . which which , , , as the dominant cl ci clvlllan cicilian clvilian vlllan cilian powers had exercised strong strongpressure strongpressure strongpressure pressure on the nation s 8 a foreign pollcies poll polldes pollcies des cies Backed both politically poUtically and andfinancially andfinancially andIlnancially financially Ilnancially by the government , , the thebig thebig thebig big five Bve . , known as the "zaibatsu zaibatsu " "were were " were heavy investors In overseas overseasd overseasdevelopment overseasdevelopment overseasdevelopmentBy d velopment development velopmentBy developmentBy By mashing smashing the "zatbatsu zatbatsu "zaibatsu zaibatsu " " theAllies theAllies the Allies planned to 10 loosen their grip gripover gripover gripover I , over Japanese politics and pennit permit pennitmore permitmore permitmore more liberal and aDd democratic elements ele ele- elements elements - - ments to exert influence over government gov gov- government government - ernment direction . . . At the same sametime sametime sametime , time , , destruction of the great com com- combines combines combines - bines promised promlaed freer opportunity for foreconomic foreconomic foreconomic economic development in the tb cOUDtry counIcy coun cOUD country try Icy tryAs IcyAs As steps stepa were taken takeD for the dis- dis die- die diesolutlon dissolution dis dissolution - solution solutlon of the "zaibatsu zaibatsu " , , " thai the poUti pollti polltical poUtical politfcal | cal transformation transfonnaUon transformaa01 of . Japan .Japah Japah .lowly lowly slowly slowlygained . slowlygained .lowlygained gained ground erouD4 with witb new hew ew parties In Inthe inthe Inthe the development developIhent developitent } stage stag * lid and more lib Ub- Ub Uberal lib- lib - liberallitical liberal - eral erallitical > political litlcal institutions institution . 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