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Show e ea { Hx a H H:4I x \:4I :4I 4I : 1 V \ A 1zA ra raa raVV _ _ _ _ _ _ _ w aK aK1z 1z 1zw a VV : e : 4y1 4y1Polishing Pou.hla Pouhla Polishing . . plate glass . . . In PeDJ1Syl.a PeDJ1Syla Pennsylvan1X . . 'acto17 acto17 factory factoryCoal ' Coal , Coke . , Steel . , Cement and Glass GlassAre GlassAre Are Pennsylvania's Pennsylvanias ' Great Industries Prepared . Crc .pared pared . rcd hy b7 by NaUoaal Natloaal Natl al Oeopbta Aeogrnyhlc O . crwhl " , * 8ocI1et7 noct.ty noctty 8ocI1et7WallbJnatoo noct.tyWa.h1ngtoa B lcty lctytREAT . WallbJnatoo Wa.h1ngtoa Wah1ngtoa . . , D . C CWNU _ . -WNU WNU - s.rvtceBEAT Serviee s.rvtce srvtce ServieeGREAT . tREAT BEAT events have hap hap- happened happened happened - - GREAT G Gall pened and the th lives Uves of ofaU ofall aU all Americans Anlertcans have havebeen havebeen havebeen been transformed in many manyways manyways manyway ways cince since Obedlah ObecUnh Obediah Gore Gorethe , the Connecticut blacksmith , , moved to tho tI1e the Wilkes-Barre Wilkes Barre WilkesBarre'country WilkesBarrecountry WlUcea-Barricountry WlUcea Barricountry - - 'country country ' and taught the neigh neigh- - neighborhood neighborhood neighborhood - borhoodsmiths borhood miths smiths how bow to firetheir fire firetheir flretheir their forge forges * with lth anthracite ; ffince Bfnce ia1nce Jesse Je s Fell FeU invented the thegrate thegrate therat grate { * for lor b burninc burning g hard qoal coal qoaln coaln oal , n homes hornet . ; since inc Philip Ginter Ginter'Stubbecl Ginterstubbed Ginterstubbed 'Stubbecl Stubbecl stubbed ' his to4 toe to * on a piece of ofhard ofhard ofhard hard coal and atld . thereby laid laidthe laidthe laidthe the foundationn foundations toundatlons of the Lehigh LehighCoal LehighCoal Coal and ODd Navigation Navfgatlon systemof system systemi systemf i f of coal xnlnen mines imd find _ net coal roads roadsi & I sBrwa Enn Even Jzt { Irt a the 4epUu depths 4ep of < the deprelstun Jepres deprel slon stun I In fa lt31 1031 1931 Paansylvania PeJm.I1Yan.la PeJmI1Yan.la PeJmI1Yanla Pennsylpanta . ) ' . was wal pro- pro - prof produclag prouclaf - - f duclag dueJn uclaf 0,000,000 0000000 60.000.000 60000.000 60000000 80,000,000 80000000 , . , . tOM tons of ( anthraciteand anthracite anthraciteand anthraciteaa anthraciteb b and 17,000,000 17000000 DTOOO.OO DTOOOOO D7,000,000 D7000000 , , . tans ton.l tonl tone . 01 of t bltuminoul bituminous bituminouscoal bituminousceal coal . , er Ot or ' aaprosdmately apprDXlmatel Approfdmately ) ' a third of ofta . , the * nation's nations Dation atioa'l atioal . ' ' . eatlri eDUre entire coal output outputWhen outputWh . " When yu J01r yot $ Ceaalaer cODaldet consider ' how W much the thecountry ttrcountry " cOUDb7 country owe owes . to Its Ita rait valt vast mpplles luppUel supplier of of.UDSbIDe ofsunshine ofausshlae .UDSbIDe UDSbIDe sunshine . stored .toree toree . ! up u In the earth earthItb.ro1JP earththrough arthfthreugh Itb.ro1JP Itbro1JP ( through . ii wOr1l S millions fIlioda ef ot of years 1e8rs , . you real realbe realtze realIze be tze how bow great at I Is . its Ib ceht debt to Penn- Penn PennI7lvanhr Penn-sylvanic Penn sylvanic - - I7lvanhr givanla , , fQt'1n fQt1n fq far ' la ten service lervlce f to humant humanity humanitycoal aurnanltyiceal ! ) ' ICOal coal fat fall ( ax1 OUbblne oubalnes Otitahltles . the th magis malic magic won wonJder wonderv wonders Jder ) derv . of f AladMIa'i AladMIai Alacldtn Aladdln's Aladdlns ' ' . legendary leendal7 , lamp lampI I Aa A8 M one travels travell through the coalJtelas coal coal.Aelda coalHolds , .Aelda Aelda Holds . . , . there are man many ) ' sight sights .Iib Iib . * ' * reml rem renilausceat ! remlII II DUceDt nascent of a . ceatury ceDtur7 century ot of minlni mlnJnlr mining One OneaMlI onesofas On * aMlI sofas Inhe la In \he he the th \ * anthracite fields fl ld ever every everyhype veryjtyp ) ' lwe hype * of f coal kreaker breaker . , . from the olddf7 olddry old df7 dry ry breaker with dust dUlt everywhere everywbere everywbereaDd everywhereand aDd and ail much mucb ot of f the ta * coal waited wasted to the thelate.t theldteat thlatest * late.t latet ldteat . Ilhelavur fhieolaveur eolaveur * breaker where wherewater wherewater wherewater water I < is . used uled from beginning bectnnJnl to end endand endand endaa and whe where . , evea even Ur the dut dust * I is . laved saved lavedTtomendoWJ savedTremendous lavedTra TtomendoWJ Tremendous eBiens Ceke Coke rreeaetlei Production ProductionPennsylvania ProductionPennsylvania rreeaetleiPennsylvania Pennsylvania li Is Ur the nation atlon I a tore fore torem foremost toremast m most t producer proclucer of f cake coke cokeJrot cokeFor caker Jrot For r r , generations enerattons Ur the beehive coke cokeoven cokeopen cokeTea oven open had It Its . da day ay ) ' It wai was a wute- wute waste- waste wuteful wastefill wait-ful wait ful - * - ful fill da day ay ) ' . , it Is as t . tnr true . , but the beehiveoven beehiveoven beehive oven V fitted ita it Its . time It wai was not notunUl notuntil notUntil unUl until the t * World war pTiod period that It ! ItTua t , _ , , lttf11uquished 'l'ctUnqulabed lctUnqulabed ' * uiJbed Brat ftnt flrat place to by prodtact prodttct prod prodKct Kct tact ttct wens avena ovens . . I { i'ten Thea 1'ben 1ben 'ten ten ' ' iIJe the iIJecr th * cr cry . , went up for tor moreanlt moreand more moreaa4 aa4 anlt and mere moro more Of Ur the chemical chemlcala chemicals * hidden'in hiddenytt hidden hiddenta 'in in ytt ' ta * bituminous bitwitinour ttQJ ' lnou . coal to take theirplaco their theirptac their.plac theirplac ptac , . placo , * to in the explosives explollvel tha that t were werepureed wereindeed wereJajleed , pureed indeed ! ' . 'tbe tbe .tbo tbo 'the the power behind Ur the gun eun gums * " ' ' ot of a ( wT-miudnc wT miudnc wu-ma1d wu ma1d War-making War making - - - New Now Ur the alchemistof alchemistof alchemist of t cesi coal 1ft 1a la getting cetUn , more orr * coke cok out ot of ofa ofa a . tea tori toil ot Ct of ) coal mide made mad * ! In n a b by ) ' productovett productovel product ovett ovel Tfttt thaa than : could be > obtained In a abeehtvo abeeblvt abeehive beehtvo beeblvt ) oven ovens ovensand vea , and ana ia In addJ\J.on addJJ.on addJ J.on Jon eddltion ddlU \ . n he i Is Is.able is.aala isaala . .able able . te to eap Cip Capture Ure enough ammonia and andIta andits andIts Ita its compounds eompounclll , , light lIpt 011 oil II and ana Ita its de- de do- do dedvaUve.t dortvauvet"gai de-rtTatlT de rtTatlT - - dvaUve.t dvaUvet rtvauvet"gai rtvauvetgai . s , . " gas . . , tar ftne fine ( ur coke , . andothel andother and othel other laer " prc ) < fOducts tuct products . to brine brlnl bring the total totalYalqe totalvalue totalvalua Yalqe value Ot of b by-pr by pr . .producta producta .products products - . ucts up to (3 3 $3 $ ( $ 86 < per pertoo pertan pertUH too . tan , aUof auto all } eC ! WThIch Which were lost in theoldtime theoldttm Ur the la-Unr la Unr old-ttm old ttm old-time time - . beehive oven . . . TfcSX 'rhoae rhoae ToserWere ' * wara were . Spectacular .pectacular pectacular : nlhts night nights ( . b- b be- be bforo before be-far be far & - - - foro fore * thO 1110 th * ' Wwrld World war when one rode rodeIfor rodeifor rodf * Ifor ! r files mila males tkreugh throuIb through Ur the beehive oven ovendb ovendlattdtltL oveneUjtrletS dlattdtltL db l , " ' * ' ' " TOday 1'ocSa 1ocSa ' T * lay ) ' those old ovenl ovens ovenl.taD4 ovensstand ovenstaaj * .taD4 taD4 stand . gi w r y , tter fter r row along alool Icores scores scoresof core * 01 of t raUto rallroatb rallr 4- 4 - 4track.a ' track track.a tracka tracks . * . , lome some onr almost almostcompJe almostconpletaWIn alrno tcesapIetalSK compJe conpletaWIn il .In In . rulas ruins but other othera others * look- look look1D8 looking look-j look j - - 1D8 ing . g as " 1 If it tbq they tbqmtabt theymight they night mtabt might ( be b fired again againtomOJ'l'OW againlomorTOW a finlesaarrOTT- finlesaarrOTT finlesaarrOTT"I tomOJ'l'OW tomOJlOW lomorTOW ' - . . "I I " "Irie " rie pig . . IfOD IfODanel * Ir ; en af anel and Steel SteelPeUQ Steelpnnsyllvanla's te l lPuuuylVQla'B PeUQ PuuuylVQla'B PuuuylVQlaB pnnsyllvanla's pnnsyllvanlas . . . ' ' . role rol 11 in * the th Iroo Iron IrooaDd Ironand Ironaai aDd and atetl stool , tee1.l tee1l . blllUStry btdultry duslr7 is . as a * remarkabiaa remarkablea remarkable remarkableas * a as . kT bel her ' IMXitlOR OSIUoa poaltloa to In Ur the coal and cok coki coke cokelndustr7 cokeIndustry lndustr7 Industry i mtry ot par Ur the nation Uon la In 1931 the thelte theKeystoflO urKeytC lte KeystoflO toDe atJto ttltp t t1 prwiuced produced oaly only I 1 per percent percent perceat cent of ' Ur the 'nalon'r nalonr ' 'D D ' * aaUOR $ OD ' ' * . Iroa iron tro ore or * but It Itturned Itwed Itturned turned wed Dut out Ut M II 118 per cent of at ita its p1i pig p1iiron pigiron pl plIroa < Iroa iron ad and a IXIp a $ g per PU r cent ceot of ita its It * .teeL teeL steel steelWith . .teeLI .teeLWltb teL teLWith * I With Wltb everjr eveJ71OOO Wry i iQOO , 000 tOM ton * of pit pig Iron Ironrequiring IronrequlrtaC ' requlrmat requiring ta tit ita Its lt making : about 1 800 600 600tans 800tona 00ton tona tans * of f V oro ore . , , TOO 700 IOns tons fn * of limestone limestone1 1 0000DtI 000 tOOH \0DtI 0DtI tons \ of 0 < coke ccke C . i . and nd 4 . 500 ton tons s of ofair ofair ofair air driven drl e by b7 powerful OWtrful tans fans fan * one onemay onemay oirmay may e.i1t ei1t easily . aally . : 1Jna.lne 1Jnalne Imagine ln a . ; tn that Ita Its It * produc producUoo production producUo Uoo tion 1 la Is . ttr the KOJ.tone KOJtone ICeyaOne Key ' . $ t00 itale Itate state i a . heavy heavyJndu.tr heavy1nduatry heavyinduatry heavyinduatryThw Jndu.tr Jndutr 1nduatry . ) ' 1nduatryThere Thw There waa was In thi the days y of ot peak peakproduCUon peakproduction peakproducUao produCUon production no mori more taiplrint lluplrLng Inspiring nightai1t nightsight niihi night niihilifat ai\1t ai 1t sight lifat & \ than then Ur the vlW vlf1II V14W # ' fro"1 fro1 flor0 " a high K " hill hlu hluat hillat hi"at hiat " at Pllttburfi Pittsburgh , . loOkIU looklni JookIDa down d wn the Ohio Ohioand Ohioand Ohioaad and up the f MononcaheJa Monongahela Uoii i < akela and Ur the Al AI Alleihen AIlegheny Alletheny leihen legheny ) ' riVW riven rivers . , , behoId.lDa behoIdlDa beholding beboldto . Titan at atwork atwork atwrk work . . , transtaroIJf traDltonntna traUdOrming ore era f Into pig pigiron pigIron picIroa iron . . . The "be be ' ! " TR era er of tlu the lleSaCInC , BeAMmer Bd.emer Bdemer . ? proccss process proccssIn processIn processta In cwiTcrtiac convertJn converting & ; plX pia plat troal IroD Iron fato Into lmt * steel teel J is . islargely 1larcely * l celT largely itotr JtODe gcaie In an ( a the ur Keyatoif Keatone Keystone , SUI state stateho fitater4 te teNo No ho loojT Ioa r longer , do tfcer these huf hup huge metallic metaluc metallicqpbe1b.aa4 metaluceggabelle metaIUce qpbe1b.aa4 qpbe1baa4 eggabelle e < * eU send . 4 their atreatos .treamt treamt streams . of 01 eerysparks flery eery ery eryIPub parks IPub sparks IJeavenward heapenward beair iward . . 1'he 1he The " ' A aWaonr a-atome a atome awesome . - . ' .p1 p1 sp1Wng'a sp1Wnga . pUtta pUttaatf ' Q atf of tbe the 0 ipectaculw ecbcular spectacular ' coo con cooYeI1 convertex cooverterifea YeI1 vertex , e TtaIa eda1n uellan < ! partota putodJl perlods of I the theblowing theblowing Urktowlnjr blowing cralt or Tir * UnmCll tJmmIh through Ita Its mo1ten molten moltentcoattnttg noltenwteiUSuu'grrea noltenwteiUSuugrrea tcoattnttg t = tI bu'pen bupen baa'glven baaglven ' ' ' place ti to the th * Open Openbeaa1h openhearth openhearth beaa1h hearth . . Hf Here enomJOUS enormous , n COMCM Jets j t 01 of ' gas . C ame Dame ameant Dameare fl nnear ant are * uyd p1a'ed p1aed played ) ' * TerUw oretthe 0Te1 " the CIOlten rriolten xn lte plX pl pig met- met metal meta art-al art al - - - al . a , . prod DrodttdIng cW eu . ; Itora Iron : Ir cadA xItLa todda % Which wb1ch com corn combIDe cornWoes cornbia bIDe Woes . witk with .cS4e4 cS4e4 added . dled Ir0ai ItOD Iron I'8 I8 ore ' r Co to 1 . form a abulc abasic afcaxic . bulc basic alaf alafthi alaJ-the alaJ the slag-the slag - -thi thi - "tidminlajr tidminlajr "skimmagr skimmagr " . ,1rI.mh'l 1rI.mhl 1rImhl , . ! ' " 01 of f theItery Ur the Itery ry ca14roD caldronL caldronLr caldronL"w caldr ; . L . tJ r " "w w " . ) . . , Nowhere N wber < In mduxtrlal IndtUtrlal Industrial Pennsylva- Pennsylva Pennsylvania Peiunylva-nia Peiunylva nia - - nia doel does e one n discover dl coT r more proarexaIn progreasIn progressin progreas progress In processes proc .lJes lJes . a ca thai than Is In Ur the cement in- in indUltry industry In-duxtry In duxtry - dUltry dustry A pllfrlmac pUlI'lmale pUlIlmale pilgrimage ' through a ce- ce cement Cement ce-nrnt ce nrnt - - - ment plant 20 ) ' yeara 'ean ean years af ago waa wu was like likewotklnl likeworking Ukiworking wotklnl working wotklnlhe _ at et \ th \ \he he ho ( * "bunihor bunihor "bun&hole bunhole 'bunghole bunghole ' " " & " of a athrelhInl athreshing athre threlhInl threshing hln < machur machine before belore Ur the dayl days daylof daysof dayof of Ur the .traw traw straw . traw blowera blowers blow r . There Th T Wal was Waldust wasdust waadu dust t vrywher everywhere * A Aa As . one on * .urveyed urveyed surveyed surveyedthe . aurvyedUr .urveyedthe the horizon horlzoD of f Lehlfh Lehigh and North North- Northampton N Northampton orib- orib oribampton - ampton caunUea counUe counties . , it teemed leemed seemed thatthere that thatthere teatUrr there * wera were a huaTed bundred hundred whirlwind whirlwinds whirlwindsperpetually whirlwindperpetually * . perpetua1l7 perpetually alewinx blowing blowln . and m marking markingthe markinxUr rklnl rklnlthe the flti litel sites * ot of 01 Ur the cement planta plant . .cat- .cat scat- scat scattered . .cattered cat-t cat t - - tered rea aver over Ur the ceuntrylde countryllde countryside countrylldeToday countrysideToday ceuntryldeToday Today It Is II IffereBt difterent different . . Now th lb Urrock . rock Is 1 . cnuhe cruahed crushed * under un r . atreama .treaml treaml streams of ofwater ofwater atwater water anal and Ur the anal nal Mal powderlnl powdering wderlax of f the thelit thertme ta * lit rtme tine ' ) ne produce producel produces ! a .Iudle Iudle sludge . ludx * of abolli about abollithe aboutthe akeutthe the con.tltenC7 contltenC7 consistency con . l tency of t rnuih mush . . Thia This TbI . is . isintroduced lauitroduc Introduced 1 Into lat * the blx bta big rotary kllaj IdlnJl kilns IdlnJlIome kilnssome -Iome Iome -some some - - onr at ot of them al as a much aa as . 120 teet feet teetIon feetlong feetlonx Ion long . aad and 11 15 lb feet In diameterHere diameterHere diameter diameterHere Here It meet meets meet . * a tream stream of pow- pow powdered powdered now-dereal now dereal - dered coal under a flame Dame that 81vel gives xiveaa 81vela givesa a temperature of from trom 2500 2 SOO 500 to 8 8000 8000decree 1000decreea 000 000degrees decree degrees . fahrenhelt Fahrenheit . . . The coal baa has baabeen hasbeen haabeex been . ao .0 0 so finely fineI ) ' .round round ground ( . round that 911 05 per percent percent percent cent ot or of It will wlll pa pan pass . through throu.h throuh . a .creeD creeD screen screenthat . .creeDthat creexthat that ha baa has . 10 JO 000 meihea melhel meshes to Ur the quare square squareInch , iquarInch quareInch * Inch When WheD the powdered coal coal . . , the theIlud.e thesludge ur Ilud.e Ilude sludge luJX . * . , . Ur the nery fiery ery heat . , . and a rexulat-ed rexulat ed reeulated reeulat- reeulat regulat- regulat regulated - - - ed amount of air ail ' meet flan Ilasl glass hard hardcUnker hardclinkers bardcllnkera |