Show IF bioni the washl g constitution litterest interesting ilig letter in the absence of off official acial information from our cur commissioner mr boriin BovI bo lin in of the settlement of our difficulties with paraguay we are permitted to publish extracts from a private letter received by the president from that gentleman last evening which gives an account rf cf this happy result alie letter is highly interests inte interesting resti ng COMMIS commission ON A asuncion sun chions february 11 I 1 1853 1839 5 to his excelle excellency ICY JAMES BucHA XAN president of the united states sir SIB 1 I have the honor to inform you that this commission has been successful not merely merel in settling all our differences here in a peaceful and friendly manners manner but in enlarging the sphere of our commercial privileges in these waters vaters and extending the time of in in such away as to enlist cordial sym sympathies athies althies and strengthen ane bonds 0 of ff friendship p for the futures future all A 11 this thi s you would ind find f in n my dispatches protocols and the treaties thease themselves ves returned by me to the state department but as that would impose a laborious research have thought proper to give yoi yo i the im ici t points ati t s through the brief medium of a private letter n when I 1 arrived on these waters things looked gloomy enough when we reached montevideo all seemed distant and reserved indeed unkind I 1 determined ter mined to dissolve that icy reserve and t give i ve them a better impression of 0 us as I 1 knew n e every sentiment senti mint here was rapidly carried inland idland throughout the country the commodore and myself after three days of delay succeeded in in pro procuring curin 6 r a an n interview with the president 0 of f uri uruguay ua y it was stately and formal until I 1 co convinced nit iced him that our purpose v was as neither war w ar desolation nor eon conquest t lie ile then threw off his reserve acael and shaking staking my mv hand warmly expressed great delight at hearing such a sentiments it from me I 1 I 1 observed ii hi the crowd of officials Is around us that the secretary for foreign affairs was not there I 1 therefore on the same evening called privately abely upon him at his bis houses house and had a long interview with him which resulted in completely disarming arming his hostile feeling at the beginning he br told told me frankly he was the friend of oe president lopez at the co inclusion he avo avowed ed himself our friend and with ith my permission he v would immediately advise his friend lopez of our lofty and elevated sentiments and desire for peace when I 1 reached parana the capital of the argentine confederation I 1 met general urquiza the president arid arshad had a long interview with hirthe tenor of which Is preserved served by my secretary mr waid wai d and sent to the state department general urquiza who is every inch a soldiers soldier and who in in that interview by his chivalrous frankness had won ra rapidly ii adly upon my confidence tendered me his meditation edi tation which of course I 1 iwas was to dp AP clinear cline cl ineas As I 1 informed him for two reasons first because my instructions had not anticipated such an event ends and second because abed no out of the three points of difference were poin points t s of honor ard a nation no more than an individual could arbitrate its honor but I 1 assured him that I 1 was vias compelled to decline his mediation as the bearer of the olive branch and knowing the views of the administration and its anxiety for an amicable but honorable adjustment of these i unhappy difficulties I 1 should teel feel grateful to him for any kind offices he be might employ in ca tarrying i g out these peaceful peace lul views As I 1 ci chosed bryd C these remarks the general with a I 1 kind of electric sprang rang irom from his seats seat and striking his breast lercell with his hand said I 1 am a soldier but a man of peace bace and as a friend of peace and a friend 0 af pf of your government I 1 accept your indita I 1 lion and will meet you at Age ascuncion i I 1 I 1 reached here on the Janu januarys arys and j general urquiza had anticipated me several I 1 I 1 days within an hour after our arrival and I 1 before I 1 left the vessel senor ai aral the brazilian minister called upon me and offered his mediation on behalf of his bis emperor em I 1 declined it for the reasons above a and arror inai ted his friendly offices in like manner as sui finx ingham him or of our desire for peace and friendship it if we could have them with honor lie ile warmly accepted ray my invitation tor for his bis friendly offices our consul called directly after and I 1 came ashore with him everything looked cold and distant the people seemed net to know bow to behave towards me and gazed at me as they would upon some gome evil thing cast amongst them the I 1 very ery first thing 1 I did on shoie as my position was doubtful was to address a note to senor vasquez secretary of state c informing him of my presence in asunction and desiria desiring him to gerence fix x a time to see me that we might arrange an interview with the president he promptly rep replie liea il and we met next morning we had a pleasant interview and fixed t the time for the presidents reception for the next day after soon a after my arrivals arrival I 1 learned aiom gen urquiza that I 1 would be cordially and kindly received by the president this information induced me to abandon the address I 1 had prepared briefly leviev reviewing ing all the points of difference and maintaining our position and I 1 hastily prepare prepared another another of meie feie courtesy and k kindness leaving a ing the contest on the he points for tle the f future u t ure at the reception on I 1 was accompanied by commodore bomm commodore odore shubrick his suite and all the officers of the fulton in full fall uniform making a fine appearance the president was ma magnificently dressed 1 with his suite binte of officers in uniform and received v d me kindly and courteously with his c chapeau bras glittering with gems and lace under his bis arm indeed the reception was all that could be desired I 1 d d not let him exceed me in courtesies I 1 mention these things because there has been constant trouble here about forms forma and re ept options ions directly after the interview I 1 learned through gen urquiza that my speech and manner had bad had bad a wonderful effect in softening down the president and that lie he v was va A so charmed with the whole proceedings that ever everything y lh li would be for me open to a free and a frank intercourse upon this hypothesis esis it was arranged that I 1 should proceed alone in my negotiations but that I 1 would let no hitch conclude them without giving him the general an opportunity to reconcile such differences MY interviews then with the president commenced daily and sometimes twice a day and were ivere always cordial frank free a and nd harmon harmonizing izing we became better friends at every meetings meeting but could not agree upon it on all points Final finally lyo it was proposed lat that our next meeting should be held in presence of general urquiza gen guido his minister and sr amara I 1 promptly accepted when ii we e met no one but gen urquiza and his private secretary were present we commenced the discussion of the points of difference one by one and as we settled them they were reduced to writing we then drew up tip an agreement which was signed by the president and myself this was the crowning lory glory of the whole alfairi affair and in th the e general general joy over it gen urquiza embraced br aced president ent lopez by the settlement we make a new treaty trea ty with changes liberalizing liberali liberalizing zin it a convention to settle the companes company comp anys ts efeim claim ten thousand dollars to t the he fa family mily 0 of f the sailor killed on the tha water witch receive a satisfactory letter of regrets and apology for this affair and the treatment of the government agents with full permission to explore the rivers this negotiation is looked upon here as an immense triumph in diplomacy as only a few moi ago lopez refused to renew the treaty with england lie ile has riot not only renewed dewed ours and enlarged its sphere but what is wo woith it h mo more r e than all for our interests is that he has dono done it in EL a very friendly spirit when we closed our meeting agreeing r eing upon the points he nde m me e a tittle ittle speech which my modesty would not permit me to record ile he touched my sympathies when ahen lie he spoke of paraguay standing alone and he traduced traducer trad by foreign ministers minister sl who created the difficulties by withholding from him the respect due to his position all and he cheerfully and warmly gave me credit for treating him in all our intercourse with the most delicate respect and esteem and said he be would pay ay some portion of the debt of gratitude hp he e fel felt t to me ine for it by informing you of it in an autograph letter from fr the t its people here I 1 have met with nothing yet but kindness particularly after it was known that my first it ii with the president was so agreeable agreeably they were much alarmed at our expedition and this news seemed to lift a burden from their hearts they are a simple inoffensive people governed I 1 should judge with a despotic rules rule under mider which they seem to flourish h they are a lively spirited people and remarkably mar kably neat and clean tor for an indian mixed race the market place in ill the morning is a beautiful spectacles spectacle to see nearly a thousand women all dressed in pure v visite bite clean dresses and all barefooted to wear shoes here is a high mark of aristocracy you can call see every hour in the day nearly handsome women except the tawny color with bright eyes a and a d lich suits of black hair with swiss muslin dresses flounced from the waist d down walking in bare feet through the strow streets et s the soil is is very sandy and ana they pretend pretend they cannot walk well in shoes the ideas idea sot of treat great wealth h which have been made to flouri flourish s so c conspicuously 0 in the accounts we have hav e aso had d 0 of f t them hem vanish into air at the touch of truth I 1 see here nothing but unmistakable evidences of a poor b but u t happy laughter loving people made to a assume sh a better appearance than their nelz neighbors from the strong hand band that rules them their government is of the cheapest character imaginable and the revenue to support it is bainy mainly derived from monopolies on articles of produce somewhat peculiar to the country their revenues venues le from customs must be small as they are certainly neither a producing nor ver very consuming people this revenue is chiefly spent on an army and for I 1 fortifications As the president is the fountain I 1 and source of all power he is also the recipient and the disburser of all revenue which in thee the eyes of f a simple I 1 t deop people e confounding 12 vidual wll ate the individual with 1 the state stale makes make up tip the account of that fabulous wealth about abo ut i i which so much ha haa been said I 1 this is a small state claiming some gome six hundred thousand inhabitants and having scarcely four hundred chousa d and they are nearly all indians of the guarantee Gua ranee race civilized under the rigid rule of the jesuits they are not an industrious race 1 I 1 I 1 in our sense of that word they are 0 only corn avoul I 1 ively industrious in contrast wit with their neighbors who are perfectly indolent and I 1 beyond the necessities of life I 1 from day today to day such a kopul population a tio Is I 1 a n not 0 t likely to make a very rich sta state t e their countr country is no doubt very productive in articles cle wa of a peculiar and valuable character such as yerby or paraguayan tea and many medicinal plants and gums and peculiar peculiar woods wooda of afie forest but beyond that I 1 know of nothing they produce superior to ourselves in quality and nothing to compare to us in quantity with an equal population they can produce sugar cheap as the plant lasts for many years and they have a beautiful staple of cotton but they raise neither beyond a mere supply of their necessities the real secret of apparent prosperity in contrast with her neighbors for it would not do to con contrast h her er with a progressive people lies inthe in the factor fact of her exemption from revolutions for this exemption she is indebted to the bloody rule of doat Fr francia ancla who left few ambitious aspirants behind him to contend for empire this republic contains about square in miles iles a little larger than one of our larger states it is almost surrounded by water like an island and the rivers deep and navigable in soil arid and rl climate 1 I mate it is 0 one n e of the most charming spots in the great valley of the la plata a valley equal in size to the great valley valle of 0 the mississippi sipi it lies in this valley alle geographically just as missouri does in the valle valley of the mississippi sipi only a warmer climate as s is general in this country the time must come when these the e vast v a s t plains of the la plata must cease to be be m mere e r grazing grounds for innumerable held heads of awil wild cattle and in turn become the seat afoa of a empire these rivers certainly have no rivals one the globe the main trunk is a fresh running stream N ith a distinct current where it is fifty miles wide and neither bank in n view view and this branch one thousand two hundred hundred miles from the sea except on the bars ais is from twenty to sixty feet deep and labut is but 0 on n of bethe the three principal branches I 1 have extended this letter too long and in must oat close by congratulating you upon this glorious consummation of a troublesome measure of your administration administrate Adminis trat ion I 1 have the hobor to be with high consi consideration d er your excellences very obedient servant va aap JAMES B BOLWIN |