Show COST OF harvesting AND STORING ICE an ice plow with guide gouge gauge prepared by the united states department of agriculture under certain conditions natural ice may be cut liy by tho the farmer at a price as low as one cent tor for a cake of pounds making the ice cost exclusive of hauling and packing 9 cents a ton the usual price however it has been found by the dairy daiby division of the united states department of agriculture averages about 2 cents a coke cake or 18 cents toton in some instances stans hi the original cost of the ice and the packing amount to 2 a ton but in these cases the storage houses were at long distances from the pond one cubic toot foot of solid ice weighs about 67 57 pounds considering this weight as the standard and allowing for packing one ton of ice will occupy approximately 40 cubic feet the following table shows the number ot of cakes of various required per ton of ice size ol of cako cake 22 by 22 luches nuat number er of cutting space thickness cakes required required of tice ice per ton per ton inches square feet 4 1 1051 da 4 a 12 3 11 1 14 89 16 78 is 69 to 63 2 67 in compiling the foregoing table aqua squa square re cakes 22 by 22 inches were used merely because the investigators found that the majority of farmers were storing cakes ot of that size farmers who have a comparatively small quantity of ice to harvest will find that they need tor for equipment only two saws two ice tongs two ice hooks books and a pointed bar many farmers have found it very profitable to cooperate with three or four neighbors small ice plow with capacity q of twenty to forty tons an hour in filling their icehouses Ice houses in such ouch instances each individual may use his own tools or the complete outfit may belong to a operative cooperative co as association 80 in marking the ice a long plank may be used as a straightedge or it may be used to guide the handsaw the advisability ot of cutting square or oblong cakes must be decided by the harvester after the ice cakes are broken apart two men with ice tongs tonga can pull with little difficulty a cake of ice from the water and load it on a wagon or sled lt desired a slide and a table platform way may be used and a horse employed tor fur drawing the cakes from the water on to the platform from which they ruay may be easily loaded before building an icehouse of any kind the quantity of ice to be stored should be determined tho the quantity needed tor for cooling purposes necessarily will vary according to the local loca 1 conditions and cannot be definitely stated in all cases though it may be calculated approximately after studying the conditions on a large umber number n ot of farms and obtaining figures figure s regarding the amount of ice used for cooling and keeping milk and cream in a V 4 P 2 wooden icehouse insulated with sawdust or mill shaving sweet condition for from one to tour four days the following facts were established 1 ico ice water tanks were in general use tor for cooling milk and cream 2 the quantity of milk or cream cooled in this mauner manner varied in individual cases from 21 pounds to PO pounds und sa a day 3 the temperature of the milk and cream held in such tanks averaged about 40 degrees F p 4 in each case a cake of ice was found floating in tho the water this showed that there was a constant sup eup ply ot of ice in the tank 5 A total ot of pounds of cream required approximately 6 pounds of ice dally daily or an average of dounda Pound of ice per pound of cream to cool and hold until delivered these figures were obtained from actual conditions and covered a period of six weeks in which the temperature outdoors varied from 60 50 to degrees F owing to the different condit conditions Lons under which ice is handled liand led the location of the buildings in reference to protection and the quantity of ice packed it Is not surprising to note a largo large variation in shrinkage in an examination of more than farmers icehouses Ice houses the shrinkage was found to vary from 20 to BO 50 per cent with an average of 27 per cent |