Show importance OF CULVERTS anion properly Pr I 1 perly they savo save inch time ahne trouble and money atoil y this question of cu lverts is really quite an important one since tl ley cylear I 1 car almost tile same relation to roads roada that keystones do to arches Cul veits enado by putting together jointed or glazed earthenware pipes aro are tile most satisfactory Batis factory being easier handled ami comparatively inexpensive and when laid a certain dl distance tanco WON belov the hie surface run little or no danger of beinar broken dut cut to obviate this they should bo be laid diagonally across the load winch which pre ash 4 ka ad t f y tm t M A R W i UA ta Z 4 vlra OF no ID ii IS IN anglan D vents the weight of wagons from bearing upon it with two wheels at once and also gives them a better fall on hills it is advisable to lay lays orao 10 8 6 inch pipes at reasonable distances apart dividing up the gutters into short rung runa instead of attempt attempting in to give tho the mass of water free flow down tile the entire hill A short steep hill needs only a single pipe placed near tho the foot of the hill these culverts cu lverts have one advantage over all others namely a concave bottom with a smooth glazed hill mir face allows the water to rush through so BO freely that it carries all obstructions before it and permits no rubbish to choke up the pipes sheso i eluiro dequire nofu no fin ither attention than a slight examination every spring to see if the frost has cracked a joint or the ubiquitous country boy has taken it upon himself to stop up the opening by stuffing small email stones into it when carefully built stone culverts cu lverts ire are not bad but they are expensive to make maize well and as a nilo inlo their sides are laid up so carelessly in dry walls of such small email sized stones that they aro are liable to and bo be thrown down by frost moreover tile the flat stones laid across the top aro are often so badly dressed and fitted together that tho the gravel covering thein keeps sifting bitting through the cracks filling up the culvert and exposing holes on top which are either cither chinked up tip with cobblestones or left bare until some horse gets geta hurt arid and a row is made with the only result that more earth is spread over and the same process is kept up ad infinitum left entirely to himself the native prefers a more primitive culvert of his own make which has the enormous 11 merit indis in his eyes of being cheap quick and easy of construction ilis his method delightful iu in its simplicity con in digging a trench across tho the road and bridging it over with a few split green chestnut rails which are a afterward covered gr GETO T earth or sod heaped above tho the level leva ie e re L in such a manner ps as to make a ui agree able break besides its liability to become clicked choked and useless this sort of culvert is particularly ticul arly objectionable because it is ia always neglected arid and forgotten being loft left to rot until at last some horses foot crashes through it and the driver may con consider cider himself lucky if tho the animal es eb capes with nothing worse than a slight wrench or scratch during harvest whon it is almost impossible to got get men to donny do ny continuous work not connected with farming to save time wo are sometimes obliged to put in a temporary box culvert made of planks nailed together like a loll 1011 long narrow box open at b both oth ends these culverts cu lverts area are a slight improvement on oa tile tho local ones made from chestnut rails inasmuch as being quite flat on top they do not lestroy destroy tho the roads level surface but unless care is taken to have them made of oaken planks they rot out even more quickly than tile others |