Show How to Grow Apples The most economical method of irrigating land and at the same time one that gives the most complete control of the water is the pipe delivering water to each tract and subdivision thereof in pipes under With a system of this kind as high as acres have been watered with a flow of one cubic foot per second- Where open ditches are resorted to the resultant loss by seepage and evaporation brings the average down to about acres that can be irrigated with that amount of There are several ways in which water is measured to the The miner's inch was for a long time the but as several states have designated different amounts to constitute the this term is not now generally The cubic foot or second feet is quite commonly used and means one cubic foot of water per The most popular method is undoubtedly the acre meaning the amount of water necessary to cover an acre of ground a foot This latter method is more easily understood by the planter and does require any special knowledge to compute Where water is spread over the land in open the ditches should be close together and large enough to carry water in big which will largely eliminate the loss by seepage and make it more easy to control the amount of percentage of water you wish to apply to the The irrigation companies have two ways of delivering water the one is called the continuous flow where a given amount of water is turned on to the land continuously throughout the entire giving a little water all the This is not the most convenient as it requires the planter to irrigate a small part of his land at a time and by the time he has spread the water over his ground it is time to commence where he first began and so on throughout the or rotation is much as it gives the grower a large amount of water for a given time and he can spread it all over his tract at once and is then through until his turn comes A system of- this kind also enables him to shut the water off when he does not care to use while the continuous flow generally requires that he take care of the water in some even though he does not as to shut it off would cause the ditch below which is made to carry only a certain amount of to In many districts heavy penalties are attached to the grower who turns his surplus water into the roads or does not care for it I believe that fully 60 per cent of the irrigation water in the northwest is absolutely as the majority of planters use altogether too much and thereby do a great deal of harm to their soil and The soil can be likened to a which will only retain a certain amount of When too much water is used it leaches down and runs carrying with it the plant soup or plant food commonly spoken of as the fertilizing which is in solution and it is only those which are in solution are of any value to the plant One of the principal values of moisture is to make the element The irrigation water should be placed so it will reach the feed- ers of the tree or plant and yet keep it away from the plant In tree life there is about one-tenth of a inch at the end of the feeders that absorbs the plant After these have finished their an air cell forms v and a cork tip to prevent the tree from absorbing its own toxin or New feeders are constantly pushing forward and these are pretty generally found about under the extreme circle of the brush All v I plant life has an offal or discharge same as animal life and it is this toxin or poison which depletes the power of the soil more than what the plant takes from Greater irrigation would work wonders in a large portion of the arid The question of pumping water for irrigation is a problem of the present time in irrigation The opportunity for gravity irrigation are largely There has been in the past and is today a general prejudice against All over the arid region will be found abandoned pumping and when you inquire the cause the one answer greets costs too The trouble is not with the pumping system but the system of that is an engineering problem and really has no place in these Cultivation is more important than and don't overlook the fact that a weed is a pump drawing water from soil at a rapid Cultivation not only eliminates this but by breaking the pores of the soil largely saves the moisture otherwise taken out by With proper moisture and cultivation the Vii chemical action is the capillary attraction v- bringing up the plant soup to the top Here the and air manufacture the plant food and the next 1 rain or irrigation washes it down to be taken up by the This process repeats itself without being assisted by millions upon millions of little microbes in the i |