Show Doors in the West i-of Natural in the Rocky Mountain Plateau Wr I H. Professor of Nature Study In the University of Uth I i Notes on the Horned Owl I II The Insect Beautiful the ISEN HORNED Its specimen of western large about hies with bright kept plumage ear black ring white parts mottled and ill upper dark the lighter colors t It is a fierce and feeding on wild rob-Ke ground and wool also smaller kind A strong it forages li and is the only that is f great benefit by lion of but at do damage by yard and by ancl song k concludes that the Noes as much good as a tardy early in in a hollow tree or of a hawk or f tufts are like with the bird is an P of the ranchmen in fields of destructive the absence of P it will carry are roosting in r tt if J to shut J be bene- is a Pity 5 to save so not take thy Thou gay creature as thou A solemn image to my Wordsworth To a The finest collection of western butterflies thus far the work of Tom Spalding of was presented last week to the nature study department of the university by J. G. president of the State Fair As the time is let us consider some of the western for our region abounds in many of the most beautiful species that the world How to Study Observation of the the moths and and a study of the of the as this group is may be begun in the fall by all grades in the public schools and in the spring by any one These insects are suited for closer study and rearing to the work of the lower Notice what plants the butterfly and cage and rear any caterpillars found feeding on these Good guide books for this study and observation Scudder Everyday Butterflies Comstock How to Know the Weed Nature Comstock Insect Life Holland Butterfly Book Dickerson Moths and Butterflies Holland-Moth Book Hunter-Elementary Studies in Insect Life Of the last is preferable if only one is since it covers the whole field of Smaller books Weed Stories of Insect and Comstock Ways of the In using any of these it is a great help to know which of the species named therein occur commonly in Utah and the Rocky and which ones we have that do not occur Common Utah Great Horned Owl We frequent in the Anosia a milkweed the that mimics the and is a willow the Tiger Swallow daunus and the Mourning Vanessa the Admirals the various species of white Cabbage the Silver Spots silver spotted on the under sides of the the Angle Wings and of the genus the Tortoise like the Mourning are of the genus the Wood of the genus the Metal of which The Mormon is Lemonias the Hair of the genus of the genus and the the the Metal the Checker the Crescent the Dusky the Sooty Wings and the Of these we shall in this article consider the group of largest size and greatest beauty among indi- the swallow then the most obscure or common of the well known the skip- j pers and dusky and finally the best known and most disliked of all the the group containing the one decidedly harmful species the The Swallow Of the twelve or more great groups represented in the ing the first to be do-scribed for the satisfaction of readers who may be interested in learning about our finest mil be the swallow Throughout the Rocky mountain and especially south- from early summer to fall the observer's attention will be arrested by the flight of yellow and swallow-tailed butterflies of extraordinary size and which flutter slowly and as if without from the flower garden to offal in the rising and falling in graceful and finally soaring high in the air to be to These are tiger swallow members of a large family ox splendid beauties confined to th temperate regions of At times they become so numerous that Scudder once captured of them on a single cluster of The mature caterpillar is leaf-green in with a reddish head and a double stripe of yellow and black across In its final stage it weaves interlacing across a and reposes on this elastic bed till it is a hammock formed of threads ready to pass into a gray-brown from which afterward this gorgeous butterfly Leading The swallow tails are as remarkable in their variety and beauty in western America as they are plainly notable in this fine The group called swallow tails contains some of the largest and most beautiful of known Of these the largest is with wings expanding five This is the western swallow which is larger and finer ihan the eastern from it differs in having two tails and a projecting lobe on the hind The heavy barred swallow tail is still more but not quite so the wings covering a width of from to The heavier black markings and single tail distinguish it from the In the western zebra swallow the ground color is pale handed and barred with and with some blue and red near the which are the dark swallow is the short tailed is still and has two narrow bands of yellow spots on the which expand from to Baird's swallow the long tailed is larger to Bruce 's butterfly is a swallow tail about A equally yellow and and with a good deal of blue in six large spots on the hind its wings have an expanse of to Holland's swallow tail has rather more black than yellow and only faint traces of the abdomen yellow and I the wings expanding from to The Certain butterflies with antennae in the form of a stout gradually then tapering to a fine point and abruptly y bent into a are called skip- v from their uneven manner of When at rest their wings keep moving from vertical I to The silver spotted I skipper may be two inches and is with a broad irregular silvery spot on the under side of the hind The larva B feeds on locust and makes for itself a nest by fastening two- V leaves together with a strand of f The other skippers have clubbed Hesperia the grizzled spreads 1 is brown with a row of white hind wings scaled with green and crossed by quadrate The two banded skipper is a trifle smaller and the lore wings black on the under The skipper is a checkered brown and the Canadian skipper is brownish red above aad paler the woodland is coppery brown The Dusky The sooty wing is black with small spots on the fore wings of the male and on both wings of the The larvae feed on The sleepy dusky wing has fore wings slaty brown with rings hind wings reddish with a double series of faint yellow to A i t o n v. I The Beautiful The Butterfly The dreamy dusky wing is dusky wing may be light or dark in Juvenal's is under sides paler and marked with white T. has fore wings somewhat The Tin- most common butterflies are the of the genus Their wings are in most species marked with dark The caterpillars feed on cruciferous The hang from the rear end and are sap-ported by a button of The most notable western species Becker's which has green blotched markings on the under side of the hind wings the western with broad dark rays in place of the green blotches the mustard one form of which has the fore wings tipped with pale yellow and the entire hind wing the other form with one small black spot on the fore wing of the female and the cabbage the commonest white with black tips on the fere the female having two and the male one black spot on the fore and one spot on the hind It is an imported European and the damage it does to cabbage and similar crops amounts to hundreds of millions of dollars The best remedy is Paris green applied as a and used soon after the cabbage plants are first set before the young have burrowed far into the Other applications of the spray should be made at frequent intervals until the heads are half The poison disappears from the plants in two or three weeks after being Hot at is also No cabbage stalks should be left in the fid traps for the f r u and if sprayed to destroy J Observing the i L For observation J ye known white e cabbage a fD Plants whose or cut out llio pf you may green r which is the tt pin The caw the larva of a WJ fa into which it would had it been hatched earlier in the j of the leaves is a tiny object the egg of the The egg first hatches 4 worm-like r that begins at once to id 1 cabbage After a few the takes a rest and t its Then it eats about a week and again i Lf which has become too tj splits' open along the ei f the worm makes its i its old clothed will J The moul occur twice Mi caterpillar is full k comes the great change i This species finds a sheila 1 and spins a silken which to hold up the I its and j legs in a similar n j body the ski f along the and a new sort of tit from the caterpillar's hangs a chrysalis m from the two ends H Two chrysalis splits butterfly comes utH A good insect ing the made from a chalk boW out of W a large square the lid and tacking W and thus have J with sliding in leaves with can be placed and quent transformations ai observed I to butterfly iJ There is a tiny of an inch in lengthen p eggs in the cabbage and many of the WJ by the W I A tiniest 1 Bp the body of their the into e it passes Le Laboratory Je similar the in their shape and the front or the hind observe the the or the wings look at powdery covering 0 scales that gives the p color to the and be rell to mention that K of the from the presence ie scales a a Look to see ence in coloration be- t upper and the lower L note that in all butter-L or are Biped a fact that dis-la them from the moths prominent compound ad just above and near k may see with a lens the fie or sucking tube of but-jis to be contrasted with m mouth parts of the Extending upward fc mouth and terminating the face are two small projections the labial Note the small one pair often very much |