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Show Education For A Changing Civilization " By Supt. W. A. Paxton ' fThere is almost as much confusion in the field of education at the present pres-ent time as in, that of politics : f or ed- ucatoin, like government, has been undergoing un-dergoing many radical changes. . A school which merely meet the demands of yesterday or even those of today, is not enough in as rapidly a changing civilization as that in which we are living. .An analysis of the economic, social' and ' industrial changes which are now in process suggests sug-gests that the public school curriculum must also be built for a new world. If It is to function In the lives of children child-ren today and tomorrow. Will n .nineteenth century school train effectively for a twentieth century cen-tury life: This is a question that was answered lu 1S02 by a committee of ten. But does the curriculum recommended recom-mended then still hold good now? A partial answer may be made by a general gen-eral pursuial of Industrial changes that have taken place without saying much about, the social and economic. Owen D. Young, writing of the electrical elec-trical Industry states that: "Where civilization was once static, it has become be-come dynamic; so much so that our ' chief problem Is no longer to adjust ourselves to a well defined system but to change." It la change on every hand. A business man in Suit Lake the other day remarked , to me, "I don't wonder that younger people are replacing the older ones in shop, store and factory; the older .'people slmpiy cannot keep up with the change." . Since 1S90 science and the .raachinc have completely changed our industrial life. .We are spending ten billions of dollars, for automobiles yearly. The automobile hardly existed thirty years ago.. It is estimated that 7,000.000 ' people are now employed in the auto-maUle auto-maUle Industry alone. For every seven cars sold'one 'additional man is employed.- Less than a half century ago the whole Bell telephone system could be held in a man's hand. At the present time there are over 17,000,000 Instruments. Instru-ments. 350,000 employees, 25,000,000, miles of wire and a total plant Invest, inent of over two billion dollars. The electrical Industry of today with -its twenty-five billion dollars invest-, ment goes back only forty-seven years, when Edison put Into operation . his generntlng system which lighted 400 lamps. Below are listed a few of the imjxir-tant imjxir-tant discoveries made in each year since 1890. The list Is taken from A Century of Industrial Progress, edited by Frederic William Wile. Chaprer XXII. It merely Illustrative but emphasizes the cumulative character of the advance which has taken place in u single generation : 1890 The linotype, n machine designed de-signed to do the work of both type setting and type casting, was patented by Mergeuthaler TJhe first success ful machine had been completed and put Into the comiosIng room of the New York Tribune in 1SSG. 1891 Berliner patented his loose contact telephone transmitter or microphone. micro-phone. 1802 The automatic telephone was patented by Strowger. The "Hercules" "Hercu-les" rail, weighing 127 pounds to the year, was put into service on railroads. 11893 The Diesel internal-combustion engine was Invented. 1S04 The modern steel freight car became a recognized unit of American rullway service. Successful Inocula- tttn iiin:lnsf fvnhnlrl fvir hp-sran. Dln- therla anti-toxin was also Introduced. 1895 Roentgen discovered X-rays. 1890 A serum was prepared to prevent pre-vent typhoid fever. On April 27, 1800 New York had its first motion picture fcbow, 1897 The Identification of electrons by J. J. Thomson. 1898 Radium was discovered by the Curies. 1S99 Michael Pupln announced the t theory underlying his long distance telephone. By 1901 he had brought his system to such y perfection that it was acquired by the Bell Telephone 'Company. Luther Bnrbank developed the sugar prune. , 1900 -Walter Reed and his associates associ-ates proved, that yellow ' fever was transmitted ,hy mosquitoes. ' R.' E. Olds invented a type of gasoline automobile. A. successful sub-marlue boat was Invented." In-vented." . 1901 Marconi flashed signals by wireless across the Atlantic.- Taylur and White secured a patent on highspeed high-speed steel. ' ' '" . . llKW-Rutherfortl' proved that radium radi-um gives off active emit nation. The . . (Continued on Page, 4) - 1 . ;' . Education for a Changing Civilization (Continued from Pai?e 1) first trans-Atlantic wireless was sent. 1003 Henry Ford produced his first Ford automobile. On l.ecember 17th. at Kitty Hawk, N. C. Arville and Wilbur Wil-bur Wright made their first success-ful success-ful flight approximately 120 feet In twelve seconds. 11XU Fesscnden patented his plan of radio-wave production, 11)05 Einstein took up the question as to what might projwrly lx understood under-stood by time and space and an-nounced an-nounced his theory of relativity. 1000 A radio crystal detector was patented by Dunwoody. 1007 McGollum begun studies in nutrition. nu-trition. 1008 All-steel passenger cars on railroads come 'into use about this time. On April 11th, Delagrange broke the European record by flying two and a half miles "Without once touching touch-ing ground and some distance farther with only two slight touches." 1009 tMiiry Pickford took part in her first "movie." First call for help was flashed from the ocean by a wireless operator when the steamship, "Repub lie" met in collision with the Italian ship, "Florida." , 1010 Goiter was cured In hospitals by the use of Iodine. ' 10111 iCurtiss developed a hydro-airplane hydro-airplane and flying boat, capable of rising from and landing on the water. 1012 Edison gilve a demonstration of u "kluetophone" or talking "movie." 1013 The tungsten filament was patented. 101-1 A military tank was, invented by General E. D. Swinton, Edison produced pro-duced synthetic carbolic acid. 1013 A conversation over the wireless telephone occurred between I New York and San Francisco and was heard In Panama and Honolulu. 1910 The Browning machine rifle was Invented. 1017-r-Mux ; Mason invented a submarine sub-marine detector: and Mendenhall and Williamson an airplane compass. 101S On May 15th, the first airmail air-mail route in the United States was ojxMied between Washington and New-York, New-York, in cooperation with the War Department. 1010 From 1014 to 1010, the automobile auto-mobile industry rose from eighth to third place among American manufactures. manufact-ures. It was first In 1925, when over four million motor vehicles were manufactured. man-ufactured. 1020 Broadcasting .was born about this time, Hie first radio telephone station, KDKA, was erected at East. Plttsbrgh. 1,0:31 Trans .continental air mail route opened. 1 1022 Diabetes patients cured by Insulin. In-sulin. W23 Two new anesthetics acetylene acety-lene and ethylene, were develoiKtl. 1024 The "lis Angeles" made a nun-stop voyage from the heart of Germany to Lakehurst covering the five thousand miles in 81 hours. - 1023 Richard Byrd and Floyd Bennett Ben-nett reached the North Pole via airplane. air-plane. A process for sending photographs photo-graphs by telegruph was invented in the Bell Telephone laboratories. 192(5 The world's fastest cable, the nienteenth to span the Atlantic, was completed in September, Through the use of iiennalloy It has been given a speed of 2.500 letters per minute. 1927 AT 7:52 a. m on May 20th. Cliurles A. Lindbergh, flying alone In a monoplane with five sandwiches und a canteen of water for refreshment, set off on a non-stop flight for Paris. He completed the 3.010 mile flight in 33 and one half hours. During 1027 tin Atlantic was crossed by four different planes and the Pacific Ocean from California to Hawaii twice. 1928 Large commercial use of television. tel-evision. 1020 Airplanes are refueled in the air, and a record of over 4,000 hours of eontlnous flight established. "I'hese developments read like a fairy tale. They point to untold possibilities which lie abend. All ready I here Is' more than $200,000,000 being spent in the United Stales each year for industrial indus-trial research alone. The whole Industrial Indus-trial world is alive with possibilities. He who demands our schools to stand si ill in the face of such tremendous progress,' surely commits one of the unpardonable sins. (To Be Continued.) |
