Show HOW fARMERS M HOW BETTER sETTER METHODS OF MARKETING MARKET MARKET- ING TO BE TAUGHT BY THE GOVERNMENT I N NEW EW BUREAU IS PROPOSED i operative Co-operative Selling by Farmers Will Result In Great reat Benefits Not Only to the Producer but to the Consumer Consumer Con Con- sumer as Well By GEORGE CLINTON Washington There There is now In the agricultural department a new division divi divi- sion ion known as the rural organization service Its chief eWe T. T N. N Carver who has just been appointed was until recently recently re re- a professor at Harvard university sity sity- If It Secretary of Agriculture Houston has bas his way Professor Carver Car Car- ver vet probably will be made the chief of another new bureau to tobe be known as the bureau of ot markets markels There Is already al ready read a bureau of markets' markets organization tion but It is unofficial and Mr Houston Houston Hous Hous- ton will ask congress to give definite approval with a definite appropriation for a bureau of this kind Just what the new service will do In detail has not yet been determined but tut it Is well known that a primary duty will be to study the economics of the marketing of products It Is known that Secretary of Agriculture Houston with the complete sympathy I of oC President Wilson will Interest himself himself him him- self particularly in an attempt to cut down the cost of living by cutting out Inefficient and methods r In marketing the products of the farm Dr George Georgo K Holmes who Is true ethe the statistician of the division of production production production tion and distribution has found out that the consumer pays for his vegetables vegetables vege vege- tables fruit poultry and dairy products products prod prod- about twice as much as the farmer farm farm- er receives for them What Farmer Should Do Dr Holmes has said on this matter A survey of the of the systems of marketIng market market- Ing f farm rm products clearly discovers 1 what the farmers can an best do to their advantage The They must associate themselves themselves themselves them them- selves together for the purpose of assembling assembling assembling as as- their individual contributions of products to consider means of shipping chipping in carload lots of obtaining market news at places to which it is practicable to send their products to sell in a considerable le number of markets mar if It not in many markets and to toi i secure the various other economic gains of or associative selling But farmers rs need some help in establishing establish establish- 1 i ing associations They always need a aleader leader for lor such purposes and nd there t may be no leader A division of ot markets could perform per per- form Corm excellent service in n helping farmers farm farm- ers to help themselves to fo organize marketing associations These assor associations asso asso- r could either handle their products until sold in various markets or Dr could ship their products to a non non- c operative co-operative marketing agency which would take charge of the entire business busi busl ness of distributing from a central receiving re- re point It seems not always feasible to market products operatively co-operatively or at w any rate the producers are not always disposed to do so However that may maybe maybe maybe be there are many operative non marketing agencies In this country that are performing excellent service for Cor farmers and some of f them are doIng do do- Ing lag business of Immense proportions A A. division of f markets equipped with witha i a corps of competent field agents co could get Into touch with farmers for tor forthe forthe the purpose of promoting the organisation cation of marketing associations wherever the farmers request assistance assistance assist assist- ance ante or information the agent could meet the assembled farmers and ph practically ac organize them If they desired It t can hardly be doubted that this this' can be successfully performed and eventually with results greatly beneficial to farmers The traveling geld Beld eld agents also could perform good service in examining Into the affairs of Df weak and unsuccessful marketing associations and advise changes for their improvement To Probe Civil Service It Is virtually settled that there Is 18 to be a sweeping Investigation tion of the civil service law under which thousands upon thousands of at ofis is hold their places Of at course there will be a feeling that the investigation Is prompted by the desire of tho dominant party to create vacancies for party workers but It seems likely that any such investigation tion lion would affect comparatively few of the holders of minor positions under the civil service and would strike only IL a few of the heads and It would I strike nobody y if an Inquiry should divulge that there is n nothing wrong with the system as it stands A As s matters are it seems that nearly everybody In c congress irrespective of at Party wants to see seo the civil service law revised This Is plain because every very j-very once in a while criticism IsI is I heard of the civil service system from the mouths of Democrats Republicans and nd Progressives while debates are aren on n In either house The civil service commission always has insisted that son partisanship methods have been ad adhered ered to abs absolutely in the giving of or a ointments appointments 1 to men who vho apply under the civil service law and the probability pro ability ls Is iBi everybody says that an investigation will show this to be the fact The trouble members say with wail the civil service service system Is fa not so BO much touch that incompetent men get into I office or that favoritism is shown In marking Barking examinations as that man many take advantage of the fact that hat they ar are arc e under civil service and th ll think ink they are there for tor life lire to loaf In en their Weir Jobs that IB la to give just a as tit ch working service as they l Il II III t I Is IB n necessary to give and yet to sa save ve I their positions Practical Knowledge Knowledg Needed I Men Interested In the safeguarding g of at the civil I service e law say Bay that It ll has been beep shown many times that D per er- er erl l I sons who can pass pas e the best beat civil ice examinations do nOl noC noi always Iw ass make nake the b best st T This s means of or course ourse that a good many men have have book learning which enables them to get Into the by the examination examina tIon route but when they get In It Is found that their book ook learning Is not anywhere near so so much service to the tho government as practical knowledge knowledge knowl knowl- edge would be More Moro and moro more the civil service chiefs have havo attempted to make the examinations practical but even the best tests of practical knowledge fail faU at times when they are reduced to question formAn form An n investigation of the civil service which It Is promised will be made will go deep into all questions and It It is believed that the committee of congress congress con can gress which will conduct the Inquiry will be able t to recommend new ney legis lation when the next session of congress congress con con- gress opens in December President Wilson it is said favors an tion As has been said it is charged charged- that a great under the civil service lose loso their ambition to work as soon as tb they y ar are aie e covered by the the- law When it comes to a question of promotion political favoritism favoritism favor favor- favorItIsm still sUII rules in places In the departments departments de de- de and so frequently a man who is lazy if he happens to be a favorite with someone in authority can get promotion while an ambitious ambi man doing twice as good work v as as' the other can get no promotion This is a part of f the system which congress says must be changed Joys of Official Life A A. United States senator told me a n few days das ago that out out ut of his salary of he was able during the first year of his bancy bandy to keep for himself only 2800 2500 He said that he ho did not give the money away but that he ho was obliged because of the Importunities of patronage hunters to upend virtually virtually virtually virtu virtu- ally all aU pf pt his time which was not spent in the senate chamber in the work of seeing men in authority Inan in inan inan an endeavor or to get government places for constituents constituents' who thought they deserved de deserved de- de served them and that this necessitated necessitated his paying the greater part of his salary for extra clerks stenographers stenographers raphers and the like in order that the multitudinous multitudinous' things could be done which a senator is supposed ordinarily ordinarily ily to do for himself This gives some Idea of what a senator or a member of the house has hasto hasto hasto to do when he first comes to Wash ington It is especially true just at atthe atthe atthe the present time Ume when there has been beena a change of administration It I is probably bly no exaggeration n to say That every Democratic senator and every Democratic member of oft the house of t r representatives h has s in his his office 1000 applications for places under under the government government gov and each maker maker of at an application ap ap- application seemingly believes bellev s that he heIs heis heis is the only proper person to whom a job should be given The patronage business sS Is driving some of the members of congress pretty close to the distraction point They do not know what to do They do not like to offend the place seekers seek seek- ers era and yet they know that offense In Ina Ina Ina a majority of cases will be taken for tor as one ono senator put it no man manor manor manor or woman believes that any other man or woman should be given the places which the first man and woman woman wom wom- an have asked for Busy Asking for Jobs The senator who said that he ho was able to keep less than of his pay for himself declared that from the day ho he came to Washington after the new administration was Inaugurated inaugurated rated he had done little else than tramp the streets or ride In street streetcars streetcars streetcars cars from department to department asking for a job here and a Job there for this man or for that man The senator said I 1 am am sick unto death of it and yet I cant can't help myse myself t. t nor norIs noris noris is there as far as I can see any way out of the whole miserable condition of things In about six or eight months It Is la probable that most 9 of the places which are now sought by patronage seel seekers ers because of the change of administration administration ad ad- ministration will be filled and the senators and representatives will get some relief but it must be remembered remember remember- ed that th there re are a gre great t many appointive appointive appointive ap ap- ap- ap positions under the tho govern govern- government ment meat which have a definite term of ot years to run and so it Is If that even ven after the bulk of the places have been filled there still will be and a dozen or so other positions which will come come vacant from time to o time and over which senators and representatives must worry Now when one ne re remembers n that of administration adminis administration there may te be a change on March 4 9 1917 the whole story etory of the past two and and of at the coming six or eight months willbo will willbo b bo repeated if it another party should come into power It will be repeated Democrats remain In in part If the than power but with another man the tho United president of Mr Wilson as States The wear and tear of pf tho the office seek seek seeking ing business tells tella not only on senators and representatives but on the prost pre pros pros- officers officers- Mr Ident Idea t and on the cabinet Wilson put up his bis sign of ot no office but he seekers need apply long ago must listen to the reports of oC the cabinet cab inet Il officers on the patronage matter and act as the court of or last Jast resort as between this man and that man wan The cabinet officers them themselves elves are several hours give over obliged to J every cry day to the duty of or 1 hearing bearing hearin g why I Smith Is a much touch better fla I mat mal for the e of ot collector of ot ott I I t tl tV Port of Dr t-n t 1 Is Jabez 1 t. t |