Show I 1 preserving TONE IN LOUD SPEAKER 1 i haw 6 w this can bo be done and the fa maximum amount of amp I 1 S I 1 1 I 1 I 1 1 fi cation obtained 1 itlie loud laud speaker Is 1 the ultimate alin aim of vf every radio novice its as fulth one of these instruments instrument greater rouge of the rec received elved signals li is obtained and the I 1 of earing the head had phones ll Is eliminated the louil loud speaker also alio pem peru ilta u greater number ot of people to tear bear the concert as aa with mith head phones ill the e number hearing the concert la is 11 limited allied to tile supply of heild phones pl iones while with the amplification the number ot of people bearing the tha concert 13 1 limited to the range of tile the device I 1 there are beveral problems involved in obtaining the maxI maximum mutu amount of amplification and yet at the sunie solve drue preserving the original tone so no that it WUI vw retain its iti pleasing qualities most host of these problems are involved tn in the maintenance of tho the quality of the received tone as it Is a campara simple matter to amplify tile the received signal in order tu to eliminate or loud foud speaker distortion it Is to know the causes involved the burco of the trouble ruay nicy lie be ID fit the mp lifter in the loud speaker itself or r la in both amplifier distortion way may be caused by unequal voltage e in the coupling transformer nt at different radio frequencies by the operation of the amplifier tube at the wrong wron point of cf its characteristic and by overload to in the tube to the point of saturation for good amplification of telephony liono honn signals the hie inter trans fornier should be capable of geving a uniform transfer of voltage from about to cycles per second A good anany transformers now in uw use do not mot rio ahli and their operation li Is one of the principal causes for sloans elc nals for any particular plate vol ugo tao appleb to the amplifier tube there la Is a corresponding correspond hig value of negative grid voltage tolt nea which should be applied la in order to tn operate upon a straight por per alon of the characteristic curve and thus secure uniform I 1 for connect connection in to tile lie loud speaker especially when using a power tube for or the last stage it Is 1 preferable to we use an intermediate transformer with the th proper constants instead of pine 11 tuh tube plate circuit this keeps vv winding 1 I and prevents tho polarizing effect that it would have uw tho diaphragm illa I 1 A two tro stil sanso 11 II amplifier will generally give elve enough intensity to operate it a loud speaker in nn an ordinary living room while tile tho loud sp eulier ism itself be ba of the head bead telephone type with tk a suitable horn some recO receivers verg operate very well at aste rte intensities but when very strong stron signals are applied to thein they vibrate so violently that the hit bit the poll pole pieces unil anti produce learish sounds instead of good reproduction of the orl sinal nl sigm alst to the croper amount of norey therefore tho the bo be such that reasonably strong vibrations will oot dot fon the to its limit of travel tile tho material arid and shape chape of the sire lire also important in determining terin ter mining ining file iio resultant tone tona qualities since whatever natural periods of vibration bir gilon it may have aill bring out tain tones tn ill greater proportion than they should be ae to the remaining tones of ct a musical selection I 1 the ilia aizo sizo snape and material or of the tha honi born are ara important factors in the noal final result tile high natural period of a small horn will tend to accentuate the higher tones to tho the exclusion of the lower ones the ma inn derlat from which the horn born li Is mide maile should be some substance which will cot abrate brate anil and produce rattling poun nuncia tit thus thua we see boe that in order to pro duce anc it a of and toad louil speaker which will give elvo pleasing ree results alts it la Is ner necessary neres essary Kiry to choose the various parts with care ind and assemble them so BO that they will give a trio reproduction oro production of the orl anal signals idest buzzer for crystal Det set those who have crystal detectors wilen staking tile usual question how ican can I 1 best beat improve my are usually told to got a tube detector ditc tor outfit till alili Is ont cat ot of abu th question aik atton for tunny tautly ot 0 t th the e crystal set eel owners since a slat as I 1 volt battery costs tn in the of 20 and with tte 3 V T anti other access accessories orles th irl price irle e of the unassembled pot parts comes to tn at al least VIS i in ili order to gt gat t the heat bell possible i point on crystal it la Is absolutely net nef febary to ute use a test hazier I 1 any ally buzzer or corrll bell which battery currant for will do athe the ll 11 her irold old for radio work she elo i it much bet ter anti evener tune tone the dry cello is a little wire and a push pual button top r twitch switch for sif artlas artl ns ant the lie buzzer are jie die other oilier things necessary I 1 tn lit order that tile lie laumer way bo h lile artl only in tile liend hend set et it Is peces tary eary that it lie ile niu luet tn in m ioina me way may this can I 1 iw lne done by lot locating abing it in tho t V willor will or 11 tir or tv ti wrap pin pins it lna Ina cloth and alaf 1112 it in a box 1 1 atul 1110 t tnt C vw ain A in 4 to tile froia roii i i lie fisl button artt on n tho table canna the ta two dry cells cell A tn in al e V I 1 01 ries witt with I 1 one side ade of uie tine line andl and the text test buzzer Is t ready for a trial to adjust the detector close class the contact through the push button or switch this will start the crystal now try various spots on the crystal cretal with the end of the cat whisker skee or wire spring I 1 un until it 1 I 1 the buzzer can call be heard la in t the h a phone I 1 if f the buzzer cannot be heard at ull till a after f ter a minute search I 1 it t may be necessary to connect one slite side of the buzzer line to the ground lead on the set do not noi be with alth just I 1 hear ear ins inc the buzzer there are many poor 8 spots on a crystal but only a few I 1 really eally good ones and it Is surprising linw sensitive it crystal can be when the hie very best adjustment la Is made A good piece of colena gol erill Is our preference this crystal requires a very tine cleno clean point with n ath light pressure therefore catena calena it if it Is to be used a very light spring contact wire Is necessary essary the end elal of the wire which touches tile the crystal can be cut with a knife or pliers at an angle ancle to that t alia il A point Is short the ble advantage or of the test buzzer over the outside signals altia lt ia Is 1 that it Is always alin available and la Is constant con staat lu in strength |