Show HOW THE WORLD FARED IN 1922 2 prosperity discontent and two big strikes among notable developments in america REVERSE FOR republicans eurett still li Is in economic Econom lo and nd ainars slat Turmoil Downfall of lloyd george turks defeat grek and nd recover lot lost territory gain control of italy I 1 by EDWARD W momentous events and d developments develop menti marked barked the year car 1022 both nit at home and thal abroad in america these film included the great strikes of coal miners and railroad shop men the Pa fly by con cain atess of 0 it a new tariff bill and the gen ret defeat of tile republican party in lie die november elections among tile most noteworthy events elsewhere were here the establishment of the irish free stat the election of a new pope tile th e rout of the greeks in asia gulnor and tile regener atlo of tile the turkish state followed by the near east peace conference lit bt lausanne the ui downfall of crime minister lloyd george and the triumph of tho the file ia castl in italy although the lie people at 0 the tha united states enjoyed a fair amount of prosperity throughout the year icar they were discontented and dissatisfied and showed honed it when they went to tile the polla to november seemingly t altey ley ila did not like tile lie now new tariff law 8 and not tho ilia big strikes and the tha matter of at prohibition enforcement also had their effect then economic and financial conditions condition in tome some of the N Hur ur countries showed thrived little or no improvement due in port to the continued state of un on settlement concerning the orrinan beman let arat rations lovs and to the tha renewed renew oil in the tha near hast of other her cou countries lily bly italy and czechoslovakia Checho slovakia gutred definitely toward anti communism and suffered n tremendous setback in italy when the rebelled those hosa doctrines doctrIn ps and took tonk over the ilia control of ill the government As A in 1021 december was marked by nn an international conference in washington for president harding had bail invited the central american republics to send delegates delegal ca here to its 11 cosa as limitation nt at t anti either questions they met on oil decaro de c emo 4 international AFFAIRS january found the great potters porters still engaged in formulating trestles tre atlea Atles and agreements in the washington conference nce on arenal ants anti and pacific ocean problems lemN and on Felin tary I 1 lite lie dele entes in plenary ses session slon adopted ill ove flie pomer naval limitation treaty with an agreement on pacific forti tica t tons passed resolutions declaring tile the open door in china and approve ed A treaty for tle tile restrIct restriction lon of tile lie wo us a 0 fit f poison gas ens and submarines in warfare at tho the same time mr balfour r announced britain would restore wel diat wel to chinn china three laja later inter the approved a 1 umber number of at treaties designed to restore to chino china aroe some of her lost liberties and passed a resolution for the creati creation on of an international ter commission to revise the ilie rules of warfare on 0 6 ill tho delegates ll egares signed all 11 the trent les slid and the DO conference adjourned sine sice die and in four days president harding sub ab witted tile the treaties to tile senate lly by the end of marell tile the senate had ratified nil all these tre treaties atles as well as one with japan by which the ho troublesome wi question estion of american rights on the tha island of yap tap was settled grent great britain find and japan also tn in the courso course tt of time rall fled the conference pacts and na like the batted stat states took steps toward putting into effect tho the bernis of the treaty on naval limitation rut but trance france more interested to in tier lier own troubles connected with tho ilia lennan reparations and with tile the developments in a the near hast east delayed notion and tier her example was followed by several beveryl smaller mailer nations thus the full effect of some of the trestles treaties was lost for the time being rehabilitation of hurom europe economic and nd financial wits the mat brent problem that c confronted 00 fronted the world and in of course its solution depended to a coo con tlde rable erable extent on a settlement of the carman reparations matter this hall had not ant ben been reached when the year came to a close the ailed commission tin international bankers committee and turlon individuals struggled with the question throughout through ont the twelve months but it would be tedious to tn tell in detail of their efforts the germans maintained that complete enforcement of the he treaty n of would ruin germany nod h he disastrous for the rest of at europe alti lough 10 noo tor for wirth flit th chancellor lielia flint Gerni ferniany any must anil would pay the reparations hill bill lerlin Il insisted that A s long mora tie he on nil nil all the he payments ant anil that on an hintor swi lonn inan to germany gai ninny ile he arr anerd france in the monay for r re kiil ally ver of vins stat not lutei to tn propositions i nr ir ohp re auction of tile is war hill bill stiff time ilme to time mode tn nu mm into mahn 11 nytar 1 ill ike e tile the ili 11 I 1 aix 10 1 i oell fola tuf fol A is in n 10 0 illo sin 11 i w if vit great irpel 0 o 11 i ill ii all rutlt ute late tu ill I 1 11 xe tar 4 I 1 I 1 I 1 d succeeded lloya george os as prime minister a then of at a conference of the allied premiers la in london bonar law gave the french to understand that though britain could not approve of military measures measure against Ge nunny she aho would not actively oppose them if the germans defaulted ted in the tlona tion payments due tit in january the conference adjourned to meet in parts on january 2 and premier cure 1 I thi that flint lie might bo be satisfied with milder measures about tills this time t was tinted lu in washington flint the tie united states wait looking for a way to help out 1 kuropka without entangling herself in alliances but nothing definite was as suggested and lu iu rope ropa wits was skeptical on oil april 10 an all economic and financial conference called by tile alie filled an u council opened in genoa ger many and vere ere invited to pit participate r tI under certain restrictions but toon soon after the sessions began the d aple ale gates of those two to nations concluded ded a treaty canceling their mar debts ant ani the lie treaty vt of brest litovsky und and 1191 ing full fill diplomatic relations surprised and angered the alie greot great powers despite the protests of the banri banca el the Ger airmans ninni from further aurther participation in the discus gInn of Russi all affairs airs which was nas the most important subject before the conference then the allied nations offered to give flann c caal lot old aid to under certain bondt lions lut but refused to ner agree ti to tills this and a day or two later the french withdrew their assent that aliat lloyd llod george wits nas practicing trickery to gala gain control or of the all fields meanwhile the lie soviet delegates were ere making such excessive damandi that flint the of 0 further ne negolia golla tlona lions became silla tile the conference adjourned after adopting an eight months truce alth nith hussla Ilus sla Mus mustapha remol ianna ind the turkish nationalists who had find disavowed all the ho doings of the Turk turkish lall government at constantinople spent pent the summer in secretly preparing for a great offen mIre against the greeks lit in anatolia they opened the attack on august 23 anti and I 1 took the enemy completely comi by surprise one week the greek armies had find been routed and ana driven linck back to and other const coast positions ions anti athens athena was asking for nn an arnil stice pill g to get 0 out it t of asia minor benini occupied smyrna on september is 0 and ne live days later A n large part of the lite city was destroyed strayed by finies at first tile the turkish troops were ft ere blaniey for ON butla but inter indicated tho ilia conflagration ans started by the fleeing greeks and by looters footers lo oters great UrIt aln w balch hach had been sponsor for the greet frnk venture lit in asia minor was alarmed liy by 06 expressed intention of the nn an to take possession of constantinople dinople and the rest resit of tile the old turk ish empire and she coiled on tier her ilo do minions lona and prance Irn nce paly italy serbia ltd fin insinna and greece to join tier her lit in the defense of tile the dardanelles Darda nelles frame alch which find beyl liean gluing old aid anti and comfort to the turks and objected to military operations against tho file kemal fists and somo some of the british donlin long ona were cool llouvert Hoci llo evert cr britain hurried reinforcements to tier land and naval forces lit in the near east and let tile tha turk and the lie world know hat flint she also would net alone it necessary the allies on oil september ZI 21 invited incited the nationalists to a n pence conference agreeing to return to them constantinople Adria nople and eastern thrace lit in return for tile the guaranteed freedom of ilia lio kenin insisted Insl steil that flint I 1 wasta must be included Inc ludel and the allies agreed ag reed that alia tho the lavlet government shou should lit in Bettley settlement nent of the question of the tha dardanelles Darda nelles after several trying days villers war seemed ill most unavoidable tile the allies anil and DH 1311 met nt at Itu danta on october 3 to arrange an strinI stice A week inter a protocol was as signed providing for or tho ilia of eastern thrace by greece within 15 dayo anil and its delivery delhery to turkey within 45 days das and yielding in to the tho ilia civil control of constantinople pending it pence con fe tence this conference conk rence opened in lausanne switzerland Noy november ember 20 with tho the prospect of being long in sep es slon sion the united states declined faill but sent seat child minister grew and admiral bristol bristal to guard tile intervals of america nod and AmP americans rIcAns these being in connection connect lun with the oil all fields of monist the conference had to deal w with he frontiers or of the turkish state co th in europe and in mesopotamia where acre the oil fields are arc looted kind w with till tha control of the thratta und and the safeguarding tit of the christian minorities in turkey uy by the middle or december the conferees were well on oil the way ay to tn agreement turkey find prom lied cited to join tits the league of nations as soon as pence peace was signed asia tile the treaty was lu process procesa of being drafted on oft may 15 lie hie to settle mettle the od lil tacna arica between chile anti and ecru opened in n Vahn ton nn and lit in duo due tin time caroe came to a successful conclusion ati orting a plan suggested by secretary hushes hughes colombia olom blot and venezuela sett settled lel their filet t boundary 0 o dispute on nn april 0 9 onla latvia lithuania and 1 I albania were co hy by the he united alwill states as u sw sair itigan states on july 1 27 17 for foreign EIGN AFFAIRS I 1 3 with colleni AY A Y its hendl government of the irlich frek state thle W ans its es in jiing a afy ty mil left bail tin I the 0 tri ait en fand tint aind le ile visit a 1 ab biml wl retted to in 1116 now rebels fir irtel 4 it ti 0 1 it I through libit lii olit it the ni nf til ni 4 i arced iy ay n liim 1 i W r arld ain 11 t r IV f i if 14 i f r 1111 1 l 1111 i i qi in i 11 t 4 if f ne p f rii M i 1 V i i r T V aang 1110 the be 41 4 1 t I ow P l ing inc on august 22 president collins was waa killed in an ambuscade and wit william cosgrove was elected to succeed him lie ile offered amnesty to the rebels but they decided to fight to tile the death erskine childers chief mid aid of DO de valera was nay captured and executed as were other re republican leaders the irish free state formally came into belag being on oa december 6 with healy rs ra governor general prime minister loyd lloyd george held power through all the vicissitudes of ilia die year until october 10 on that day the conservatives in parliament lecla ed cil to abandon andon ali the coalition and net in future as a separate party the premier vaa ins thus deprived of tits majority land anil promptly resigned with ills ballf leta alonar law chosen leader of the conservatives succeeded film formed a new ministry and and called an election for november IS 15 at the polls lie won control of parliament the mode made great gains and be cattle lie opposition party under lie ilia leadership of benito mus mils colonl the of italy organized primarily to a protect the country countr ilia die communists fought a long ion nud and bottle battle stead lly fly in strength notably by the acceus alon of ninny of working inep inen they saved the indest industries ties of italy froin the lie reds ils and finally dissatisfied with ilia ivcak policies of Pre premier juler file tn col collell Pell d ills his resignation tin in otto ler ber 20 mussolini was ninde premier and fit at once set to work to restore tin tile prosperity of the country the una king and chamber of deputies cine islas full pollee to 0 o put into effect ills content elated reforms and economic anens ures and as lie he had find tile support of most of the people the ilia prospects prospect i fur linly italy were bright Gree greenes ces dIst disaster ister in n asia minor resulted in the second abdication of king ing constantine on oil september aa it in tile face of a revolt by tile returning troops next day the crown prince george was sworn its in as ong kins and a new government installed the revo in control caused tile the arrest 0 of various former cabinet officers slid and g t 9 on the ilia charge of ill high 11 ll treason in fit connection with wills the debacle tn in anatolia oil and six of them including chrit former were here condemned to death areat brinnin tried vainly to ill prevent the lie execution and then broke off lotis with areece probably glad to get rid of tin nn embarrassing alliance prince liln a andrew uncle of the king also waa s tried slid and condemned but escaped ich alth exile M briand resigned ng as premier of france on january 12 because his policies nt at tits the cosines cannes conference were opposed he ans M succeeded by M POIn poincare vare policies poll clea included strict enforcement of ilia treaty of versailles pope benedict XV tied died on january 2 22 4 anti on oil february reh miry 2 the sacred cot col afke PRO diet il home to clio iise lila ills successor four dna days later cardinal achilla of milan was ns elect pd d and antii on oil february 12 lie be was brov tiei pope na as plus XI i to the account of affairs in turkey related above Is to be added tile the downfall of the sultan considered by tile the angora government KOV eminent to be n R of the he british and consequently a traitor lie was deposed ou on november 1 the sov of tile the nation was decin declared red to bo be tn in tho hands of tile people and the name mime fronk from ottoman Ottom nii empire to state of tu turkey akey the dethroned dethroner ruler rater took refuge on malta main on november IS its his nephew abdul madjid effendy nf Ef fendl was elected caliph of the moslem church germany devoted herself through the year largely to efforts to evade the payment of 0 to work to regain her foreign ore 1911 tr trade ate I 1 it and A d to tile printing print lne of innumerable billions of paper marks the value of the mark fluctuated widely reaching a low level of at inore than eight thousand for a dollar on juno june 24 dr walter until rath annu foreign minister was assassa noted in ill 11 berlla by reactionaries chancellor wirth and ills bla cabinet were e forced out of office november |