Show overcoming difficulties IN STARTING GASOLINE ENGINE DURING COLD WEATHER M P A Motor truck on the he farni farm A typical gas engine that requires skill for fop most efficient operation prepared by tile united states Dep tort mont of 1 it Is ia important hint flint engine 7 oarn per I 1 tors thein selves wit I 1 I 1 the bijil bit effects produced oil in gas eligh lel 1 ly v cold weather and with tile the easiest ways ays of if overcoming them for wa ill such mull it 11 comparatively lively easy to lo start it gas ii Kiin lit in tho ani severt severest 8 weather tho rho cold affects starting in ili three ways 1 it makes it harder to 0 o ernnie tilo engine because tho oil 11 congeals conKin cong vals ls on the lic hearings and around till the ton anti velv s where n try dry buttery battery Is 18 used it v Y ens ill alic spark 3 1 it causes gasoline to very slowly or not lit fit till nil therefore make it difficult to obtain it mixture of allne vapor find air which can bo li it blied by tile bpark tile tho congealing of tile oil Is not filly a nery cry serious difficulty although it inny necessitate it groat deal more effort in tile engine cin lne A litlie gasoline or ke rogene on nil all bearings whit h call in ho be reached will bell annd a liberal priming ef cf gasoline in the cylinder will tend to thin the oil it around the piston us its well us as aid in obtaining it good mixture na as noted blow below do not use ue kerosene kerosene will interfere with tho the forming of a combustible mixture also tt liro or kerosene hns has been used on beu berrings rings to tn make cri finkIng usler easier the engine should not le be put pu t under ft load until tile bearings have lind onto alnio to get well lubricated agn iii with good oil tile effect of cold on oil tile the ignition system will be noticeable only where when dry cells are used with tho the except exception io that hat where tho the engine to Is equI equipped ppe with a timer liner which Is allot the congealing of 0 the oil ell may interfere with tho the contact of the timer lit in which en ans it little ke kerosene hero roseno seiro or gasoline may ito necessary to thin the oil when dry cells are cold they become less lie five find nt at extremely low tempera turo turn they will cense cease giving current therefore it dry buttery battery should bo be kept kep in n enrin place during tho the winter when riot not in use so as to bo be when nettled needed if this lins has not I 1 been cell done it should bo be set met lit in a firm place I 1 ace for mIn minutes lites before at attempting pt to alart al art tho the motor lit n cold alj tr er never warm it battery liy by applying intense heat client directly to the cells but allow them to slowly while in operation they will generate Kener nto euill cleat heat beat to keep them active with cells which havo have been scaled in par coflin or other wax care should bo be ex not to expose them to a tem tein pir pera aturo ture high enough to melt tho the wax cold retard vaporizing Vapor izing the ranst moat serious effect of cold weather on gna gas engine operation Is to tho fact that cold re tards he vaporizing vapor izing of thu the fuel gas nelna as a liquid will not burn it must first bo be turned into it vapor anti and this inper mixed with n ertsin amount of air A thin spray of gasoline in warrin warm air will quickly y turn to it vapor jorfor and mix with the surround ing air but at low i considerable part of such it spray will remain a liquid hence will mill not mako make nn an explosive mixture the remedy Is obvious A greater quantity of roust must bo be furnished so M as to tn give oft more vapor in order to make it mixture rich enough to tie bo combustible ible or the air roust must bo be heated so RO tho gasoline wilt will vaporize more readily or a combination of these expedient must lo be tried if tho the weather 14 s only moderately cold it la Is usually sufficient to prime the engine in some way flint Is inject a small quantity of about ft a spoonful into the alie cylinder ordinarily either cither through a petcock or priming plug in order that more fuel wily be present hence bonce more vapor whenever tin an engle if Is printed primed a short hort time should be allowed for the fuel to vaporize and mix with tho the alp air before attempting to emark the lie engine it if this Is in not rione done the vapor will an ansa j nut a little tit at filth a alino no through alo exhaust valve at the tah engine la Is cranked cran keil find and the priming will not acrie sere its purpose heat mut must be applied in very cold weather however priming with ordinary commercial gasoline will sonie times be insufficient and heat must be applied by some meana in 16 edir order to 19 produce ion of the fuel unless a morr more volatile fuel 19 asod for priming A very satisfactory wily I 1 apply beat Is to put anino liot hot I 1 into to tile the cooling sy fv steni thus wn lie find 11 tIng in III ing IHK ili alf gasoline hint flint Is drown in ili vilh life hie chargo or of injected us its printing liiK lit III tills ills HP also ill the engine should ho he WOI to 0 o it i fow few to t mit mil the gasoline to vaporize it if 14 not necessary ludwi iry lint flint tho cooling t i trin tem lo ito 10 filled with liot hot water if donough Is umed to i heat the cylinders so w tile HIP eliggio edif laih will start rold cold water may inny tien he be added until tho radiator Is 14 full fall alili 4 method null iod of if course will bo practicable only with ismall or tit nio daum sized engines with of tile larger sizes of tractors till amount of hot water usually available will have little effect used lit in thin thim wily if only a little liot hot water Is adall able it may inny bo be more effective if pourer slowly over tle tile intake manifold anti tile lie carburetor im as well if the carlm rotor Is covered so no water liter can enier it A very effective effect ivo v way may or of heating the intake manifold Is il to wrap n 11 cloth around it and pour tho the liot hot water over tile tho cloth or tho iloth cloth in hot water and then wrap it around tile lie manifold if the manifold can call he be heated it will worm warm the air that touches tou clies it IR as it on tera tho the engine this thin warin ann air will cause the gasoline spray which it curries ries to vapo vaporize rizo ali af it 11 greater pro portion of the air passing through i a small pipe comes in contact with the walls of tho the pipe alp than in tile the case of it largo one this method works best with engines having a comparatively small manifold when depending upon bent from the manifold to warm warin the air the ho engine should ho be err cranked inked fairly rapidly so na as not to allow the warmed mixture to remain loot long in co contact intact valli tho the cold walls of bustion chamber and so cause ciui w the vet MI por per to to condense into liquid again iiii ln there tire frequently loni when nn an enal engine no must be 10 started marled lit in cold weather whiter under conditions where hot water cannot bo be obtained find and in such cases some other means of applying client must ho used boino ninab use of tio blowtorch to apply the lie bent to tile tho intake manifold or hy by removing ft a spark plug or igniter block hent heat tho the combustion chamber itself open flame not favored tile tho use of tin in open flamo around a gas engine tit nt ordinary tempera temperature tur 19 L 9 li Is not to be 10 recommended on account of tho the possibility of ire fire it always introduces tro duces tin nn element of danger one of the most effective methods method of starting it cold henrlne find one ah sol isol safe la Is to remove tile spark plug or igniter block find beat it in ili a iro fire or tn in the flame of it blowtorch prime tho the engine find then lien quickly replace the spark plug pint tile charge Is s almost sure to ignite A drop or two of gasoline put on tho the gnadt 0 of t the plug just before replacing it insures the presence of vaporizer vaporized fuel near the spark when tho the engine Is n cranked where for any ronson reason it la Is thle or inadvisable to apply heat in any of tile tho ways indicated it inn adny y bo be possible to hent it a piece of metal pipe tho the size of the fair intake of the car bumeter then chice this so nil all tho the air entering tile the carburetor carb must patis through it thlu Is nearly as n effective ns as a licater such it pipe may ho be made red hot it desIr desired cd provide volatile fuel another means tit if starting engines engine in cold weather which Is practiced to a considerable extent Is to soine very vo volatile intile fuel with which to prime it ether or high test gasoline being most commonly used As these will vapor vit lre at lower temperatures than ordinary gus gua allne they milk anke it easier casler to obtain a combustible mixture in using ether caro care must bo be exercised riot not to tn baft too much as dangerous pressures may bf be created because of the rapidity with which it burns in runny many cases it la Is mixed with about equal parts of gasoline there la Is no langer in tho the use of the high test gasoline it Is not quite so effective as ether lecausi be causi it Is 19 less lesa volatile but it is being used with entire satisfaction by a great rent many engine owners |