Show BEEF CATTLE IN COHN BELT STATES ES r f M HERD OF HEREFORDS ON WESTERN PASTURE from the united states department of agriculture that cattle in most cases add to the farm lit in the corn coin beltis belt Is indicated by the results of it recent investigation vesti gation conducted by the united statis states of agriculture as part of a comprehensive study of the ment situation la in which its specialists have been engaged for sonic some time the direct profit front the lie raising of calves in this section the averages ne inges aseem to establish Is usually small but the investigators point out that there are other factors which make the practice alce more advantageous than would appear tit nt first sight among these advantages me the fact that live stock on oil the faun farm pro p 0 o tides a home market tand and a mentis means of utilization of farm roughage some bome of might bo be wasted it if not foil fed and the use of pastures pas turca which could not be employed profitably in any other way lle live stock also affords a ready home ionic market for certain other crops which at times would have lave to be hauled considerable distances 0 to o be sold abold finally the presence of live stock on the farm gives productive employment throughout the year to labor which nt at certain seasons might otherwise be idle lle live stock also gilem some noun interest on oil capital invested on e equipment quip ment which would produce nothing it if not utilized at till all seasons tile hie fertilizing value of manure also must he bo considered when these factors aro are taken into consIder consideration even though there appears to be little or no profit as shown by cost figures it Is believed that in most instances the farm income Is grenter greater because b of cattle having been kept on the faridi the keeping of live stock therefore Is to be recommended on oil farms having large quantities of cheap roughage rough available or having land which can be best utilized us as pasture summary of results tile the figures of costs cited by the investigators are purely averages based basci on oil actual farms and herds invests killed gated the ilio investigators obtained in 1914 arid and 1015 BOGO record recoil from farms lit in indiana illinois minnesota lown iowa missouri dakota nebraska and kansas theme records dealt with 14 I 1 cows bulls and calves produced from thein of which ay 13 were aro classed its as baby beef classification of records these were hero arranged in six groups based on six distinct practices followed by the farmers of tills this region thee tire are 1 beef farms where till all the hie cowa tire arc kept strictly for beet beef except baby beef in which thero Is no salo sale of milk rind butter 2 baby beef fauna devoted demoted to the production of high grade calve cadei fattened and sold at front from 12 to 18 months of age 3 dual purpose farms on oil which till all the lie cows ire are milked anil and the calves weaned at birth and raised on oil milk 4 Mixed Farms where the best beat cows are milked their calves being weaned tit nt birth while calves from 0 liter cows run with their dams dains tills this Is it a combination of beef and dual purpose 5 partially rrt lally milk milked banns on which calves are not weaned but on w which a part of the milk Is drawn front froin the cow the calf cal taking the remainder inal ma inder rider 0 6 double nursing farms where some of the cows are milked anil and their calves given to other cows cown summary of results the following summaries are based on oil these liase six classi classifications fica t bolls lolls arid am ait given as averages averages from tile record st of the farms and live stock actually reported tho the conclusions tire ore nver average figes for the entire section studie dand afie reader must bear in mind that thera are wide divergences in cost in fit the tha several states vor for this reason the report sifter con considering si dering tho general problem deals in great debrill with the range of costs in tho the several states and the averages for the several sections tile the following tire anre the inora important facts cited in the SUMMARY TABLE SHOWING FOR THE SIX GROUPS THE VARIOUS FACTORS THAT MAKE UP THE COST PRODUCING A YEARLING w a s p g if X 14 S 1 E ff 9 e Z item i tj g d S a 3 S re oi number of farms 1 I 11 0 06 65 22 average number of 0 cows COBB per farm tar ni 31 EO 1276 1275 23 47 14 1129 ad 17 2 cost of maintaining the breeding herd oros cost of 0 maintaining a cow con 35 12 55 ia ta 1395 95 48 M credits other than calf 4 7 79 9 E 39 2173 2143 21 43 33 20 net cost of maintaining a cow cov 30 33 SIM 31 33 U 07 1923 19 23 2132 1321 13 21 net cost or of maintaining a bull 4 27 63 sa G 37 61 46 79 colt calf crop percentage of cows raising calves to weaning time line i r i sa PO 00 90 70 11 sa 90 87 69 number of 0 calves per bull 2090 20 90 2530 25 30 1070 1860 1260 1500 cost ot of raising a calf to weaning time cow charge clearn e 34 ED CO 21 2329 2129 29 2371 1483 dull bull charge 1 22 feed 11 r 01 00 OS 0 1 26 labor PO JO 2156 mt 00 01 total cost coat at weaning meaning time timer 2327 2703 17 K cort copt ot of raising a yearling number of 0 farms ISO 67 M 67 12 average number of 0 calves per furin form 2443 2020 1061 10 ea 1346 1846 1118 1110 1423 b cost coat nt at weaning time b ct 1782 winter feed eted cost I 1 1232 1201 12 1221 2 21 1024 other charges i am aci SM oros CO cost cast st 78 OS credits IGO I GO net cost 63 B 45 S ka a the statement for tho the baby beef group gives figures on the calves until ther are marketed at approximately 15 months of 0 age aige b tile tha change in the number of far farina ns on oil which tho the tabulation of cost coat of producing la Is based caused thelburn thel Bure on cost of calf at weaning time to change in this part ol of tho the table c the figures underscored call attention lon to the fact that the baby babi beet animal Is carried somewhat beyond the yearling stage tit ill discussing ilia ho different costs the investigators point out that the difference between tile the not cost rind the gross cost for the different groups Is partly duo due to credit for manure arid largely hugely to credit for milk products pio ducts front f the cows that were milked the high cost of maintenance of bulls 1 wacie baby beer beef cubes calves are produced Is largely tile due to the fact that breeding bulls bulli of high quality tire feces the alie bull charge Is determined largely by the number or ol calves produced per lull bull while the cow charge for raising n calf was lowest in tile tho dual group the addition of 0 tho cost of feed and labor for tilt the skim milk calves makes the cost of the calf somewhat greater titan than in tile the double nursing group winter feeding costs indicate Indi cuto that Is comparatively little in the cost of calves in ilia alio ne five groups other titan the ba biby by beef after weaning time tle credits ani ailt baby beef calves amoin t ing to io include an for manure and pork beef calves though tile most valuable as yearlings yearnings year lings cost so much more than the others that to averages they were vere the lentil least profitable table the cost of prodoc tiou exceeded inventory by 16 15 all calves except those of tile the baby bub beet beef group inventoried inventories Invent oried just before being turned on oil pa lature ture tit nt a time when lion the cost of the calf la in greatest us its compared with its value it li is bellev cohered etl that if the records lind included dat dati i on the calves until the lie following november eliat um difference between the cost rind value boull have been much less the calves in ill the dual purpose group croup although tho the poorest in quality seem to rank second lit in point of profit the cost of production ras lowest cpr calves in the double doubis nursing group and ns these animals are ot of good quality they showed ali tho rj greatest profit although there were but 22 farms in tills this group tho recill tp the investigators sl |