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Show J'fI JfI ' ; t . Nation Suffers Scarcity ScarcityOf ScarcityOf ScarcityOf Of Competent Teachers TeachersBy IAGE IAGENeus By BAUKHAGE AUKIIAGE BAUKHAGENeiis 6A AUKIIAGENell Neiis Neus Nell $ Analyst and Commentator N W IV WnaslllngtoD WWashington W\ W WUSer ' VP.U VPU 'r r ' \ .u u . . USer Sen Sert , Ice 1616 Eye ye Street Strect { Washington naslllngtoD ashmgton { D C CWASHINGTON CWASHINGTON CWASHINGTON WASHINGTON DC-Less DC Less D C-Less C Less - than thana thana a 3 } ) ear and a half hall hail after the questionof questionat question at of athlch \ which \\hlch hlch \ wouldtriumph would ip ip"triumph -"triumph "triumph triumph - " . triumph nazi smor sm , " ' - or democracywas democracy smt t I was settled theUn the t Un ted States isbe Is t tI I < -I I ' - Ibe be ng orced forced ( toJ to J | " . s smeet meet a crisis inits in m its competitivestruggle competitive competitivestruggle t1 ' struggle to mamtam maintarn main mam maintain tain tam tarn its way ofhIe of oflife + hIeT lifeo life'T life hIe lifeTvo , o 'T T ' T Tvo vo years ago agothe agow agothe agothe w the predictionbased prediction r a8 a8based ry ; " 4 " : * * based on trendsof trends of that moment . , , ' t tr r 1 1was yas was iv , as made thatBaukhage thatRaukhage that Baukhaee Baukhage Raukhage Baukhageour Raukhageour Baukhaeeour our school sys systern systern systern tern faces laces one of the greatest crises crisesin crisesin crisesIn in its hIstory-American hIstory American history - American schools schoolsbave schoolshave schoolshave bave have lost 200 200000 000 competent well wellprepared wellprepared wellprepared prepared teachers since smce Pearl Har Harbor Harbar Harbor bor bar ( Thatas That was \\as as \ in June 1944)At 1944)At 1944) 1944 1944)At ) At that time only onIy one out of a hun bum hundred bumdred hundred dred school teachers held emergencv emer emergencv emergenCT gencv certificatescert certificates -cert cert - certfieates fieates ficates IS ISsued issued issued sued to persons admittedly not m in mthe inthe inthe the competent wdlpreparedclass \ wcllprepired wdlprepared ell prep'lred preplred prep'lredclass ' | classToda classToday class Today Toda } ) according accordmg to an estJrn'lte estJrnlte estunate estJrn'ltemade estunatemade estimitemade ' made in m an article ui m in the October OctoberIssue Octoberissue Octoberissue Issue of Coronet magazine magazme one out outof outof outof of every eight hold such certIficates certIficatesand certificatesand certificatesand and out of the 200 000 teachers lost lostto lostto lostto to war industries mdustrles the dralt draft and oth 0th other 0ther otber er wartime "arUme arUme wartune " activit acttvlt actrvit es Coronet finds fords findsat fordsat findsat I at least " " 5 5000 000 of at those teacherslost teacherslost teachers teacherslost lost for good . . Stuart Chase econ econam econcm econom am cm st st , , . sets 500 000 as the numher number numherneeded numberneeded numberneeded needed before the present teachmg teaching teachmgstatt teachingstall teachingstaff statt stall of the nation nauon is brought i-p i p t.p tp . - to towhat towhat what "hat hat " he calls adequate Ralph McDonald executive e\.ecuttve e.ecuttve e .ecuttve ecuttve \ . secretary sec secTetary secrotary Tetary retary of National Educat onal anal as assOClat astociat asEociaton sOClat tociat on in m Wasbmgtonbo Washington Wasbmgton \ who \\bo bo has hasbeen hasbeen hasbeen been busy trying trymg to \ wake sake \ ahe the edu educational educational educational cational \ world arid to its danger quotes quotesreports quotesreports quotesreports reports that Hussia Russia today is spcnd spend spcndlDg spendrng spending lDg rng 20 per cent of her comparat vely velylow velylow velylow low national nallonal income mcome on educat on onh onwhile onwhile \\h h while \ e we spend only onIy two t\\O t O \ per cent ccnt of ofours ofours ofours ours tor for the same purpose purposeAnd purpo purposeAnd < e eAnd And not satisfiedIth satisfied with \\Ith Ith \ Ithh \\h h \ what \ 1t < snow snowbemg s now nowbeing nowbeing bemg being done the Soviets . ire 1.re 1re are den anJ and anJmg andmg anding mg still higher standards of Ideo idea Ideological idealogical ideological logical and poht pollt pout cal knoYo knowledge ledge for fortheIr fortheir tortheir theIr teachers teachers ' The party paper paperIzvesl1a paperIzvestra paperIzvestia Izvesl1a Izvestra announced in m a recent art arts artsde arilcle ! cle de that students from Bulga Bulgar r a aCzechoslovahla aCzechoslovakia aCzechoslovakia Czechoslovahla Czechoslovakia and other Slav coun court countnes courttries countries tnes tries Yo were ere being bemg brought into mto the m in mst inat inst st at tutions of higher learning learmng in m Mas Mos Mascow Moscow Moscow cow Leningrad Lenmgrad and other cit clt esThe esThe es esThe The office of at education of the theUn theUn theUn Un ted States government go\ernment go ernment goternment \ is fully fullyaware fullyaware fullyaware aware of the danger facing facmg our pub pubhc pubhe publie hc he schools Its functions funcl10ns are strIct strIctIy strictly strictly Iy ly 1 Imited mlted mited ho hovever veHr veer to the acqu Sl se Slt set sit t on and d stnbution strlbution stribution of informal mlormat informat on onActual onActual onActual Actual promot proinot onal anal activities acttIlles actitrtaes actt\ actt \ Illes are areforhldden areforbidden areforbidden forhldden forbidden and improvement lIDprovement of can con candlt condit condit dlt dit ons rests fundamentally with the thesates thes thes sates s ates ales and local commumt communit es The TheOffice TheOffice TheOffice Office of Education Educntton is do ng rig all It Itcan itcan itcan can Full co operat on in m the gath gather gather gather er ng of data is provided and for forthe forthe torthe the last six \ weeks \ eeks or so special ef of efforts offorts eftorts forts have been made to bring brmg 1D to 1Dformation toformation information formation on this subject suhJect subect ) up to date datefor datefor datefor for d stnbution stnbutlon Actual statistics statlsl1cs of o1 o1the ofthe ofthe the \ varying tarytng ar ) mg needs of var ous com corn communit cornmunit cornmunit munit es no v are bemg being comp compiledNational compiled compiledNational ed edNahonal National Nahonal : Education Iducation assocIation assocIationv associationwhich associationwhich v . which hlch began an intensive mtenSlve campaIgn campaIgntwo campaigntwo campaigntwo two ) icars years ears ago to assist in the re recru recru recru cru tment of teachers improvementof Improvement of working worhmg condit ons ODS arts and ugher higher ! higher'alanes higheralanes ' < alanes alarres has rene'o\ rene'o reneo renewed rene'oed ' \ ed its eflorls efforts as asa asa asa a result resuU of act on taken at the or orgamzallon organization organization gamzallon ganization s convent on this July A Aslogan Aslogan Aslogan slogan \ which hlch they have adopted adoptedruns adoptedruns adoptedruns runs We must have federal aid be before before betore fore \ we e can ha\ ha have hae hate \ e equalization equahzatlOn of op opportumty opportunity opportumty portumty portunity But federal mterfer mterference mterference interference ence in America Amenca s school system systemhas has al as a3s ; ) been a bogeyCheat bogey bogeyCheat Cheat Pupils OutOf Out OutOf OF Proper Education Educatron Meanwhile Mean\\hlle Mean hlle \ as Charles Harris Harrissa Harrissais sa 5535 ) s in m the previously quoted Cora Coro Coranet Coronet Coronet net art cle de we are cheating cheatmg our boys ourboys thek and girls of their right to the thend thend k desireby desIrehy nd of an educat on they desIre hy by perm permttng It tt ng this teacher short shortage shortage shortage shortage.b 000class age -.b .b sh - \ . h ch has closed more than 7 ? 000 000class 000class class rooms and over expanded expandedclasses classes attentionto so that individual attentIon to vanishedMany vamshedMany pup Is has V vrtuaUy rtually vamshed vanished Many vitui vlt,1 vlt1 vitdl , subjects have been dropped droppedThe beendropped beendroppedThe The worst phase of ' isthe the situat sltuat on Is the turnover byhe As is ev denctd denced dented by he number of certificates cerllftcates emergency cerllft certifi cates allen fallen issued the standard has fall ( en sharply Hams Harris mentions one school oneschool \ which hlch penn perm pcrmtted lted tted lteda tteda a convIct convictto to be released from jail jall because no one noone else could be found to teach the pup thepup wherea wberea Is I was told of a case wbere where a teacher teaching sixth grade pu I I pils plls pals had never neer neter ne\ ne \ er had bad more than a afourth afourth afourth fourth grade educat on herselfLow herselfLow herself herselfLow Low pay is as it has always alw3)s alw3s ) been beenone beenone beenone one of the chief chlCf difficult cs es as It r IS is a astrange astrange astrange strange paradox that the bus ness nessand nessand nessand and industrial mdustrial groups who are most mostanxIous mostanxious mostanxious anxIous that the principles of de democracy democracy democracy mocracy and free enterprise enterpnse be bethoroughly bethoroughly bethoroughly thoroughly taught are the greatest greatestcom greatestcompet greatestcompel com compet pet tors of the schoolhouse schoolhouseHere schoolhouseHere schoolhouseHere Here in Washington Washmgton the mmlmum minimum mmlmumwage minimumwage minimumwage wage of teachers is below that of oflower oflower oflower lower grade clerical assistants and andflIe andfile andfile flIe file clerks clcrks in m the government In m mdustnal mdustrial industnal dustnal dustrial centers the gap is WIder WIderIn widerIn widerIn In business busmcss there is more of a II de demand demand demand mand today for college trained tramed per personnel personnel personnel sonnel Many teac teaclers teaci ! ers both mlle male mlleand maleand maleand : and female \ who ho \ went ent into the serv servIces services services Ices held college degrees and when whend d schargcd scharged seharged were c'Igerly cIgerly eagerly e ' gcrly snapped snappedup up by b } ) businesses requiring requITing hIgher hIghereducallon highereducation highereducation highereducationChambers educallon education educallonChamhers educationChambers Chambers Chamhers of commerce dls dis dlstm disturbed distmbed tm turbed bed b } ) the threat of untramed untrained untramedmmds untrainedminds untrainedminds mmds minds in m their communities have haveappealed haveappealed haveappealed appealed to the government to pro promote promote promote mote special teachers programs 'IS IS as 'ISa asa ' isa a part of the veterans re trammg training trammgprograms trainingprograms trainingprograms programs but here again agam the fed federa federal federal era eral I governmentould government \ would \\ould ould be treadmg treading treadingon treadmgon on thin thm ice That isn t m in the la vPrivate v vPnvate vPrivate Pnvate Private mstitut mslltut ons ens and the com corn commumty cornmunity cornmunity mumty munity itself are responsible for th s stype stype stype type of effort and congress always alwaysI alwaysputs alwaysputs alwaysputs I puts its foot down when there is any anythmg anything anything thmg thing that e\ e et even een \ en hints at federal ac actlvlty activrty activity tlvlty tivrty m in connection connechon \ with Ith the pubUc public pubUcI pubUcschool publicschool publicschool school system The office of edu education education education cation leans over o\'er o 'er er \ ' backward to keep keepaway keepaway keepaway away from anyth ng that m ght be belabeled belabeled belabeled labeled mterferenceNot interferenceNot interference mterference interferenceNot Not only poor pay but also lack lackof lackof lackof of social life We drives many prospectwe prospec prospecbve prospective bve tive teachers into mto other fields That is something somethmg that only the commu commumty commupity community mty pity can change changeIf changeIt If It the teacher s position is not notchanged notchanged notchanged changed for the better and the pub pubIIc publie publie IIc lie schoolsystem school system is not restored to toItS toits toits ItS normal place in m our democracy democracywe we \ Mil sill III have lost 11 tI tl e a one th ng wIth wIthout without without out outh \ vh \h h sh ch democracy cannot gro v vDen vDen vDen Den ocracy cannot renew itself ltsell It Itmu itmust itmust mu must t be renev rene\ rene renes reneed \ ed in m the hearts ofeach of ofeach ofeach each new generation OtherwIseeeds Otherwiseeeds Otherwise Otherwiseecds ecds eeds aplenty will take tahe its placeSlips place . . . Slips Over rart rapt reft0 o 0 oe 0e e on CensorOne Censor CensorOne One of the few JO joys ] 0i ) s left to a news newspaper newspaper newspaper paper correspon correspondent ent in m one of 11 U II e eforeIgn eforeign eforeign foreIgn cities where censorsh p st1l1 still st1l1prevals stillprevails stillprevails prevals prevails ] is trv try tr ) ng to beat the censor censorOne censorOne censorOne One of the most amusing beats of ofthIS ofthis ofthis thIS kind Itmd lcmd was scored cored by Drew MId MIddIeton Middleton Middieton dIeton dleton writ wnt ng from Moscow tor for the theNew theNew theNew New York TImesPerhaps TimesPerhaps Times TimesPerhaps Perhaps it fooled many Amencan American Amencanreaders Americanreaders Americanreaders readers too It readsIIya readsIlya reads readsIlya Ilya IIya Ehrenburg Ehrenhurg writing wntmg in m Izv Iz\ Iz Izes Iztes Iztestia \ es estla estia tla tia cont cant cost nued his long series senes of arli arlicles art articles ! cles Iles on the Un ted States a group groupof groupof groupof of articles which for depth and un understand understand understand derstand ng are superior supenor to anythmg anything anythmgwntten anythingwritten anythingwritten wntten written on these lines since slDce the the'larks theworks theworks 'larks larks works ' of Charles Lutwidge Lut\\ldge Lut ldge \ DOdgsonThe DodgsonThe Dodgson DodgsonThe The dispatch y , was as passed by hy the thecensor thecensor thecensor censor censorho \ who \\ho ho didn dldn t know hnow that Dodg Dodgson Dodgson Dodgson son was the real name of Lew s sCarroll sCarroll sCarroll Carroll who wrote Al AI ce in m Won Wonderland Wonderland Wonderland derland some of the most delight delightful delightful delighttul ful nonsense e\ e ever eer eter \ er pennedv pennedI penned ,1 1 , v I do not kno v whether Ehren Ehrenburg Ehrenburg Ehrenburg burg s articles as publ shed in m Mas Mos Masco Moscc Moscov co cc v d tertd ffered tiered ( from thoseh those wh \\h h \ ch he hepuhl hepubl hepubl puhl publ shed in m the United Umted States but-I but I but- but butI - - ' I must say that some of them re reflected reElected refleeted flected Elected life in m America Amenca as truly as asthe asthe asthe the scene at the Mad Hatter s tea tca teaparty tcaparty teaparty party followed the pattern of an anord anord anord ord nary tea party in m England Englandouremember \ouremember ouremember I \ ou ouremember ouremember remember that there was a table tableset tableset tableset set under a tree in 10 front of the thehouse thehouse thehouse house and the March Hare and the theHatler theHatter theHatter Hatler Hatter were having havmg tea at it a aDormouse aDormouse aDormouse Dormouse was asleep and the oth other other other er t vo va were us ng him as a cush on onrest onrest onrest rest ng their elbows on it and talking talk talkmg talking mg ing over its headVery headVery head headVery Very uncomfortable for the Dor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . mouse thougl thoug ! t Alice only its itsasleep it s sasleep sasleep asleep I suppose it doesn t m ndThe ndThe nd ndThe The Hatter was tl tI e a first to break breakthe breakthe breakthe the silence What Whnt day of |