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Show Powerful Allies Aid Farmer in Battle BattleAgainst B Bugs Bu gs s , Infection and Erosi Erosion n Experiment Stations StationsCounty , County Agents Fight FightCrop FightCrop FightCrop Crop Destroyers . - How the farmer fares in hIS hISneverendmg hisneverending hisnever-ending hisnever ending never-endmg never endmg never-ending ending - battle agamst against agamstinsect againstinsect againstInsect insect pests , weather , d.1sease d1sease disease . diseaseerosion , erOSIon and the thousand and andone andone andone one other hazards farm life hfe IS IShell isheir isheir hell heir ' to , w1l1largely will largely determine determinehow determinehow determinehow how well wen he succeeds in m meet meet- meetmg meeting meeting - - ing mg Uncle Sam's Sams ' ever-increas ever increas ever-mcreas- mcreas evermcreasmg everincreasing - - - ing mg call for more producuon production productionof producuonof I of foods , dairy d81ry products , fibersand fibersand fibers fibersand and fatsLuckily fatsLuckily fats fatsLuckily Luckily the farmer has bis his own ownanny ownarmy ownarmy anny army navy , marine corps coast coastguard coastguard coastguard guard and air force to battle and andvanquish andvanquish andvanquish vanquish his enemies Who com tom comprise tomprise cornprise prise these armed forces forces9 forces'1 forces1 ' The agrI agrIcultural agricultural agncultural cultural experiment stations and the theextension theextension theextension extension services of hi his his , ; state land landgrant landgrant landgrant grant collegesThe collegesThe colleges collegesThe The way these services help the thefanner thefarmer thefarmer fanner farmer to combat any production productiontro productiontroubles productiontroubles tro troubles bles old or new that come his hisway hisway bisway way is described by M N Beeler Beelerin BeelerIn Beelerin in the current issue of Capper s sFanner sFarmer sFarmer sFarmerThe Fanner Farmer Fanner'The Farmer'The ' ' The 'The trouble which meets a man manat manat manat at any dawn or m the dead of night nightmay nightmay nightmay may be as old as Bang s a disease diseasebrought diseasebrought diseasebrought ( brought to America by Cortez in in1521) in1521 1521 1521) > ) or Hessian fly ( introduced Into Intothe intothe intothe the colonies by German Gennan hirelings hirelingsdurmg hirelingsduring hirelingsduring durmg during the Revolution ) writes Mr MrBeeler MrBeeler MrBeeler Beeler It may be as new as all late latepotato latepotato latepotato potato blight in the Red river val valley valley valley ley or the attack of European com corn comborer cornborer cornborer borer in m Illinois Trouble may be as aspersIstent aspersistent aspersistent persIstent as bindweed smut codhng codling codhngmoth codlingmoth codlingmoth moth or boll weevil , , as complicat complicat- complicated complicated - ed ed as malnutrition originating origmatlng in and nutritional troubles of erops crops eropsplants cropsplants cropsplants plants and foods are legionHow legionHow legion legionHow How the army anny of scientists acientists from fromthe fromthe fromthe the land grant colleges has fought foughtand foughtand foughtand and won battles batUes for the fanner farmer fanneragainst farmeragainst farmeragainst against these and other adversarIes adversarIesforms adversariesforms adversariesforms forms a fascinating fuclnaUnc faacmnating taleMake taleMake tale taleMake Make Seed Germinate . When Iowa fanners farmers reported sweet sweetclover sweetclover sweetclover clover seed seee { didn dldn t germinate gennlnate proper proper- properly properly properly - - ly , the state agricultural arricultural experiment experimentstatio experimentstation experimentstation statio station discovered the cause was washard washard washard hard seed and made a scarifier that thatcorrected thatcorrected thatcorrected corrected the trouble That was 30 30years 30years 30years years ago alO and was the forerunner forerunnerot forerunnerof and andmethods andmethoda andmethods of many more modern devices methods methoda the most recent of which whichIs whichis whichis Is a process by the Fort Hays Kan K n , . station for waking waldng buffalo grass crass crassseed grassaced ' seed aced . . Then there was that matter of of"Laryngot of"Laryngot of"Laryngot ofLaryngot "Laryngot Laryngot " rachcitis rachcltls down in New NewJersey NewJersey NewJersey Jersey Sounds professonsh professorlsh professorish doesn t tit tit tit it ? But it has an earthy connotation connotationto to an any , . poultryman who has lost 20 20to 20to 20to to 60 per cent of his flock The New NewJersey NewTersey NewJersey Jersey Tersey , station found an inoculation inoculationthat inoculationthat inoculationthat that protects the birds from this thisdisease thisdisease thisdisease thisdiseaseA disease diseaseA A shortage of spraying spraymg machInery machInerythreatened machinerythreatened machinerythreatened threatened the crop of certain certam Penn Pennsylvania PennSylvania Pennsylvania sylvania potato growers in 1942 The Thestate Thestate Thestate state college extension service met metthat metthat metthat that threat thrcat by organizing organumg 50 IIpray spray IIprayrmgs sprayrings sprayrings rmgs rings to serve 1 500 farms and pro protect protect protect tect 10000 10 000 acres An average of 30 30farmers 30farmers 30farmers farmers used each machine In Increased Increased Increased creased producbon productJ.on productJon production . was estimated estimatedat at 1 1376 376 000 bushelsSo bushelsSo bushels bushelsSo So the story goes One of the thetroubles thetroubles thetroubles troubles that plagues farmers on the theplains theplains theplains plains is poisoning poisonmg of cattle by bywheat bywheat bywheat wheat pasture The Oklahoma sta eta statlon etation gtation tlon tion investigated invesugated and recommended recommendeda a remedy which included feeding a ahttle alittle alittle httle little dry roughage The Kansas col college college lege not only discovered a success - - - - - - - g gx ga x / r + a M s sV4 . , V4 " { . ' T I g : f ft fEROSION t EROSION , though slow and unspectacular . , lowers land prodnctlvity productivity prodnctlvitytremendously productivitytremendously productivitytremendously tremendously . , This Kansas field , too steep to terrace , was planted with withcorn withcorn withcorn corn in 1912 1942 There was no protective covering ' sown on it Wind andrain andrain and andrain rain scraped another layer off oft the already thin thm topsoil in m the spring sprmg of of1943 1943 Land like this should be in pasture pa.sture . poor > oor soil as evident as a . grass grasshopper grasshopper grasslopper hopper scourge as mysterious asbaby asbaby as asaby baby > aby pig disease as commonplace commonplaceas as labor shortage as rare as foot footand footand footand and mouth disease as little httle as ants antsIn antsFn antsn In Fn the kitchen as big as a com corn cornplete cornlete plete ) lete management and production productionprogram productionrogram productionrogramAssistance rogramAssistance programAssistance program ) rogram Assistance Is at Hand HandBut HandBut BandBut But whatever the . difficulty d1.fficulty d1fficulty help helpin helpIn 111 in most cases is no farther away awaythan awaythan awaythan than the county extension agent or orthe orthe orhe the land grant college Mr Beeler Beelerpomts Beelerpoints Beelerpoints pomts points out Potentialities PotentlahtIes for trou trouble trouble troule ble ? can be appreciated apprellated ; when such an anevery anevery anevery every day animal ammal as the hog is 15 sub subject subject subiect ject to more than 60 afflictions affllctlons Paul Foul Paultry Foultry Poul.ry Poulry try . may succumb to anyone any one or a acombmatlon acombination acombmatwn combmatlon combination of 89 The Indiana ex experIMe experiment expertinent perIMe periment t station stauon hsts lists 18 common commoneneUlles commonenemies commonenemies eneUlles enemies of corn within that state stateIn statein statem In the category of diseases And an anOhio anOhio anOhio Ohio report credits these same lIame dls dis dlseases diseases diseases I ' eases with a 19 000 000 bushel yield yieldreduction yieldreduction yieldreduction reduction in a single smgle year ThIs ThIsdamage Thisdamage Thisdamage damage is in addition to losses from fromborers fromborers fromborers borers chinch chmch bugs ear worms wormsgrasshoppers wormsgrasshoppers wormsgrasshoppers grasshoppers aphids root lice bce and anda anda a host of other insectsCon1mumg insectsContinuing insects insectsContinuing Continuing Con1mumg experimental proJects proJectsare projectsare projectsare are reported by the Arkansas sta statlon station station tlon tion m in combat with wlth a few enemIes enemIesof enemieso1 enemiesof of o1 cotton such as wilt boll weevIl weevil.seed weevilseed , . , seed destroying destroymg diseases aphIds aphIdsleaf aphidsleaf aphidsleaf leaf worms boll worms red spider spiderflea spiderflea spiderflea flea hopper root rot and Just ] ust plam plain plainsoil plainsoil 5011 soil poverty Any sheepman says saysMr saysMr saysMr Mr Beeler can count a dozen profit profitand profitand profitand and Iite life taking takmg afflict amlct ons of his flock flockbut flockbut flockbut but there are at least 36 miscellaneous mlscellaneous mlscellane miscellane ous diseases and 40 internal para parasItes parasites parasites sItes besides foot rot sore mouth mouthscab mouthscab mouthscab scab ticks pregnancy and lung lungdiseases lungdiseases lungdiseases lungdiseasesFurthermore diseases diseasesFurthermore Furthermore the U S depart department department department ment of agriculture year book for for1942 1942 devotes 172 pages to diseases diseasesand diseasesand diseasesand and pests of cattle and explains explainsthere explainsthere explainsthere there are 70 or more species of bo bovme bovine bovine vme vine mfest-ng mfest ng infest.ng infestng lnfesLng . - tapeworms and round roundworms roundworms worms Books have been wrItten wrIttenabout writtenabout writtenabout about the ailments of horses and andmules andmules andmules mules The insect msect fungous virus tul ful treatment for black leg in calves calvesm calvesin m in 1914 but through extension it 50 so 50increased soincreased soIncreased increased the use that dosage costs costsdeclmed costsdeclined costsdeclined declmed declined from 50 to 10 30 cents ThIs ThIsstation Thisstation Thisstation station likewise l1keVoIse bkewise introduced copper coppercarbonate coppercarbonate coppercarbonate carbonate treatment of bunt smut of ofwheat ofwheat ofwheat wheat , , sorghums and milletWhen milletWhen millet milletWhen When the New England coastal coastalhurrIcane coastalhurricane coastalhurricane hurrIcane damaged 10 30 to 75 per cent centof centof centof of trees m in farm fann orchards . ihe .he he lie exten eaten extensIan eatension extension sIan sion service of Rhode Island Con Connectlcut Connecticut Connecticut nectlcut necticut and Massachusetts worked workedout workedout workedout out a rehab rehabilitation ltatlon program that thatsaved thatsaved thatsaved saved thousands of treesControl treesControl trees treesControl Control Fever TickColorado TickColorado Tick TickColorado Colorado potato growers were werefaced werefaced werefaced faced with an infestation of bactenal bacterial bactenalrmg bacterialring bacterialring rmg ring In 1938 The station found a aremedy aremedy aremedy remedy Cat Ie le fever tick had pre prevented prevented prevented vented development of cattle rals rais ralsmg raising raising mg ing m Louisiana up to 1936 Exten ExtensIan Extension Extension sIan sion workers and animal ammal husbandry husbandryresearchers husbandryresearchers husbandryresearchers researchers led the fight to stamp It Itout itout itout out Missouri had inaugurated maugurated m in a GRASSHOPPERS and locusts loc115ts are areamong areamong reamong among the worst scourges In many manyfarming manyfarming m nyfarming farming regiona regl0115 regions 1888 the investigations in coopera coopera- cooperation cooperation . - tion uon with Texas Texaswhich -which which - made control controlof A AmysterIous Amysterious Amysterious tick possible of Texas fever mysterIous hvestock livestock disease ob- ob observed observed ob observed - - served by Marco Polo in Iii China Chma more morethan morethan I Ithan than 600 years ago which afflIcted afflIctedarmy afflictedarmy afflictedarmy army horses at Fort Handall Randall afflIctedI Neb Web , I was explained explamed only in 1931 The Thetrouble Thetrouble Thetrouble teed feed on onsol1 onsoil onsoil trouble is caused by grown sol1 soil containing selenium The South SouthDakota SouthDakota I IDakota Dakota station has announced can eon cantrol eontrol control trol and remediesThe remediesThe remedies remediesThe The list of achievements is almost almostendless almostendless almostendless endless Substitute Substitutes a * for pyrethrum pyrethrumhave pyrethrumhave pyrethrumhave have been produced by the Dela Delaware Delaware Delaware ware station Beginning in 1800 1900 the theWest theWest theWest West Virginia station worked out the thefly thefly thefly fly free date tor for controlling controUlng Hessian Hessianfly Hessianfly Hessianfly fly Tennessee discovered and in introduced introduced introduced troduced cryolite cryol1te to replace scarce scarcearsemcals scarcearsenicals scarcearsemcals arsemcals arsenicals as an insecticide Mon Montana Mon- Mon MonL tana - ins -----L L - - tuted - . - - Le the -e e - feeding feedmg of 10- 10 1o- 1o io - . - - - - - - - - dized salt during pregnancy to pre prevent prevent prevent vent goiter losses of new bom born pilS pigs pilSlambs pigslambs pigslambs lambs calves andcolts and rolts , colts Nebraska Nebraskachecked Nebraskachecked Nebraskachecked checked the potency of commercIal commercIalserums commercialserums commercialserums serums offered m in control of swine swineerysIpelas swineerysipelas swineerysipelas erysIpelas with resultant standard standardizatlon standardIzation standardization izatlon Ization of effective etrectlve protectionBy protectionBy protection protectionBy By breeding breedmg a w wilt t resistant cot cot- cotton cotton cotton - ton strain stram the Alabama station stationsaved stationsaved stationsaved saved the cotton growing growmg industry Industryof of the southern part of the state statePurdue statePurdue statePurdue Purdue experiment- experiment experunent experimentstation - . station m lD in Indi Indiana Indiana Indiana ana has produced a new Hessian Hessianfly Hessianfly lessian lessianfly fly resistant wheat New York has hasannounced hasannounced hasannounced announced a new organic spray spraywhIch spraywhich spraywhich whIch kills late fruit blooms ma materlally materially matenally terlally terially reduces the band hand labor of ofthuuung ofthuuung ofthinning thuuung and induces annual bear bear- bearing bearing bearing - ing in varieties varleues which normally pro pro- produce produce produce - duce fruit every other year yearDevelop yearDevelop Develop Borer Resistant CornThe CornThe Corn CornThe The Ohio station has demonstrat demonstrat- demonstrate demonstrated demonstrateed demonstrated - ed that milk II11lk fever can be greatly greatlyreduced greatlyreduced greatlyreduced reduced by feeding feedmg four ounces of ofll'radlated ofirradiated ofirradiated ll'radlated llradlated irradiated ' yeast daily dally to cows for forfour forfour torfour four weeks before and one week aft- aft after after aft after - - er freshening freshenmg Another Ohio Ita ata ItatIon atalion station tIon lion project was the development ot of otborer ofborer ofborer borer resistant corn hybndsExperIments hybridsExperiments hybrids hybnds hybridsExperiments Experiments at Pennsylvania Pennsylvama and an - . . . . . . - . . eisewnere elsewnere |