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Show MOAB, UTAH -__- -_ Kathleen Norris Says: ing, DD to the list of ‘"Vanish- famed Texas longhorn! At least, that's what a report of the biological survey indicates, for it says that this animal, which once loomed large in the history of the West, is on the verge of extinction. Once there were nearly 10,000,000 of these rangy beasts. Now out of that vast number there are only 250 pure-strain longhorns left. They are fewer than the buffalo which they succeeded on the Great Plains and once rivaled in numbers. 5 : j { ' Unlike the buffalo, however, the longhorn was not decimated to the point of near-extinction by ruthless slaughter. He is being bred out of existence. In his veins now flows the blood of the Shorthorn and the Hereford which reduced the length of his horns, put meat on his lanky sides and cooled his wild spirits. It's all due to economics-or, more specifically, to the economic law of supply and demand. Back in the days which followed the Civil war, when Texans began gathering up the oversupply of cattle running wild over her broad prairies and trailing them north to the Kansas ‘‘cow towns"' where eastern buyers met them, America became more of a beef-eating nation than it had ever been before. The Texas longhorn was the chief source of supply and he continued to be thus for more than two decades. Then American meat-eaters began demanding a better quality meat. So the stockmen in the West used the hardy, half-wild longhorn as the foundation for crossing with superior beef breeds. And that revolutionized the cattle industry and the whole economy of the West. The longhorn was a picturesque feature of the western landscape but he was also an ‘‘economically wasteful' feature. So he was doomed to go. By the middle 1920s it was apparent that the typical old-time longhorn, except for a few specimens in Wild West shows, or rodeo exhibition companies and a few running wild in various parts of the Lone Star state, but ing the being A TYPICAL TEXAS LONGHORN States Department of Agriculture). "In two weeks they had spotted ten cows and one bull in that corner of Texas as meeting their requirements, picking one here, one there. They hired a cattleman who knew the country to gather them at a central point of ship- ping, and having exhausted this end of Texas, they moved up into the great coastal plains region between Houston and Beaumont. Here was an entirely different country, one of the great range cattle sections of the state. The region was combed thoroughly and ten excellent longhorn cows and two good bulls were gathered. ‘Inasmuch as the steers are the ones that developed the extremely long horns, three glorious animals with good-sized horns were brought to be kept as an exhibit of what a longhorn should be. They are all young and their horns will probably grow at least 18 inches more in a few years. Branded "U. S."' ‘The two shipments were concentrated at Fort Worth and dipped three times at seven-day intervals to free them of the deadly Texas fever tick and tested for tuberculosis. Then the whole bunch were put through a branding chute and branded ‘U. S.' on the left hip. "The longhorns were shipped from Fort Worth to the national forest. It was Wichita like old times to sit in the caboose of a long freight train with a car of cattle ahead and crawl over the top of the train in the dark to make sure the cows were all was to Save the Longhorn. At a meeting of the Old Trail Drivers association in San Antonio, he proposed that a longhorn preserve be established in the ranch region of south Texas and a resolution was adopted indorsing the plan. Next, the Texas Folklore society passed a resolution recommending that the legislature appropriate sufficient funds and provide adequate means ‘"‘to preserve in its purity for future generations the Texas longhorn breed-the most historic breed of cattle the world has ever known."' In the meantime the United States Department of Agriculture had become interested in the plan to preserve the longhorn. For several years it had tried to secure an appropriation from congress for that purpose but to no avail. Finally in 1927, through the efforts of Senator J. B. Hendrick of Wyoming, a small sum was granted for the purchase of a few cows and some bulls and it was decided to place them on a preserve in the Wichita national forest in Oklahoma. To Will C. Barnes, a veteran cowman connected with the forest service in the department of agriculture, and another forestry official was given the task of finding the necessary animals. The story of their quest is told by Mr. Barnes as follows: ; "At Fort Worth, San Antonio and other points the general feeling was that their quest would be unsuccessful. ‘A few old cows might be found,' they were told, ‘away down in the prickly pear country of the lower Rio Grande or in the dense mesquite thickets of the plains.' But bulls! Well, that was something else again. Everybody doubted the possibil- ity of finding them. "The forest officers first plunged into the prickly pear country between Laredo and Brownsville on the Rio Grande and Corpus Christi on the gulf. Every nook and corner of this region was hunted out, using every imaginable kind of transportation. no excitement, of the best "OLD ALAMO'"' This famous longhorn steer was crippled in a stampede during the filming of Emerson MHough's "North of '36'' and had to be destroyed. there. Cache and the Wichita forest were eventually reached and the cattle placed in the pasture provided for them. Swarms of people came out from surrounding cities to look them over, and the old-time cowmen of the region all agreed that the bunch which had been collected were really fine specimens of the old longhorns-perfect types with which to build up a modest herd of 250 or 300 head and thus preserve the breed for future generations of Americans to study and admire.'' By 1929 the original herd of 24 longhorns in the Wichita national forest had increased to 40 and since then there has been a small increase each year. But the recent statement made by biological survey officials that there are now only 250 pure-strain longhorns, including no doubt the herd in Oklahoma and scattered numbers in other parts of the West, indicates that this animal is nearing the ‘‘end of the trail' and it is not inconceivable that an epidemic or sickness or some other unforeseen circumstance might easily wipe the breed out of existence. Origin of the Longhorn. It has been a "‘long trail," in more than one sense, that the longhorn has traveled. His history traces back to the days of Cortez. (Photo, courtesy of the United milch cattle, and oxen for transporting heavy loads. ' As the years passed numbers of these cattle escaped and became wild, running as free on the endless prairies as the bison and the antelope. Inbreeding caused deterioration and settlers arriving from the states east of the Mississippi late in the Eighteenth and early in the Nineteenth centuries found herds of scrawny wild cattle everywhere, with horns out of all proportion to the animal's size. They were fleet, tough creatures, as well adapted to the arid region as the antelope and deer or the buffalo herds that were growing less numerous. In the years before the railroad came to fence Texas, without anywhere Grande and a rod between Kansas, of the Rio the longhorn roamed at will over the vast range. There became so many in Texas then that often they were killed for their hides alone. Occasionally herds were driven to New Orleans, which is 650 miles from San Antonio, and to Mobile and Vicksburg. They rarely sold for more than $5 a head and the demand was not very brisk. Then came the Civil war. Texas couldn't and wouldn't send herds northward, and the Union block- ade of the Mississippi river was so effective that only one or two droves got through, swimming almost under the guns of warships below Vicksburg. Their numbers were greatly diminished, the remnant finally reaching the Confederate army. When the war ended the cattle industry in Texas was nearly ruined. It was during this hour of depression that a ranchman conceived the idea of driving cattle to the North. If the buyers wouldn't come to Texas for cattle, he would take his cattle where he could sell them, or, at least, where the prospects were good. He selected Abilene, Kan., end of rail on the Atchison, Topeka and Santa Fe. So, in 1867, the first herd of longhorns ‘‘went up trail.'' They arrived at their destination, were sold at a good profit and the cattleman went back to Texas for another herd. The news of his success spread like wildfire, and the next year other herds were driven northward, with varying degrees of success. But Texas cattlemen were used to hard luck and difficulties. Within two or three years trail driving became an established business and in one year three-fourths of a million head arrived in Kansas. The longhorn was in the heyday of his glory and the cattle industry thrived in Texas. Disaster on the Range. It continued to flourish with the discovery by the cattlemen that by driving their steers to the northern ranges and fattening them there they could increase their profits. By 1880 the land was badly overstocked and _ undernourished. Then came the drouth of 1885 when cattle perished by the thousands around tanks and waterholes. This was followed a few years later by severe winters which wiped out whole herds. Other factors which spelled the doom of the longhorn were the coming of the barbed wire, which marked the end of the open range, and the settling of the West by homesteaders. Long before the last great herd went "up the trail' in 1895, progressive cattlemen had been introducing blooded stock and crossing them with the longhorns. Shorthorns were tried first but the shorthorn wasn't so good at "rustling for his grass." In the Hereford the cattlemen found the animal that, crossed with the longhorn, was ideally adapted to the The Spanish conquistaTexas ranges. dores brought the first cattle to So the lanky old longhorn was North America from the hills of through as a beef type. He beAndalusia, in southern Spain. came a hybrid and began losing Two centuries before any cattle his individuality in the red-coated were sent to Texas the Spaniards "white-face."' As a pure strain he were successfully raising good exists now only as a curiosity on ones in Mexico. The first herds a few ranches in Texas, at live crossed the Rio Grande into Tex- | stock shows and in the ""‘reservaas when the missions were built. tion'' set aside for him in OklaAround each mission the padres noma. He is a ‘Vanishing Amerkept good-sized herds of beef an ean Douglas Francis E. Townsend, the per Co-eds during the preview showhad all the earmarks of one before ry dg planner, was once a count in the Black Hills of South Dg Would Wed in Five Y¢ Results of a survey made ay g¢ university Northwestern showed today that 80 per ceq may the women expected to be within five years after leg | figured ths two-fif and school, wouldn't marry unless their hyh made more than $50 a week, 9 thirds of the women thought itt right for wives to work, while, half the men reckoned they appr To show that times ; of this. good, 60 per cent of the men re ed they had jobs lined up ay per cent of the women said the gg of the | year. "It Happened One Night" and ‘Mr. Smith Goes to Washington" are two of the better known sleepers. This year's, according to some of the people who have seen it, may be "Down Went McGinty."' rapidly approaching the point of extinction. Then a few Texans, remembering that this animal had been one of the chief foundation stones upon which the prosperity of their commonwealth had been built, declared that it would be something of a tragedy to let him be wiped out of existence and decided to do something about it. Among the leaders was J. Frank Dobie, professor of English at the University of Texas and a noted author of western books. A Move created supply See WATSON Americans' VALE ACH year Hollywood makes a ‘sleeper' -a picture that, during the mak- (Released by Western Newspaper Union.) ing VIRGINIA serve completed his scene to the satis tion of Director Wesley Ruggle Written and directed by Preston Sturgis, with a cast including Muriel Angelus, Brian Donlevy and Akim Tamiroff, it is the ‘‘saga of a bum."' It may be the making of a new star, Muriel Angelus. In England she is one of the foremost musical we By Brides! Service.) (Released by Western Newspaper Union.) - A the Husbands," g ti CLASSIFIE: DEPARTMEN HOTELS When in RENO, NEVADA. stop at 4 HOTEL GOLDEN-Reno's largest 9 most popular hotel. APARTMENT Marriage is usually the first important step that a girl takes as an independent person. Before that advice and influence have been used liberally by uncles, aunts, mother, father, Ss When John Barrymore seemed to be unavailable for the role of John Barrymore in ‘‘The Great Profile,'' at Twentieth Century-Fox, Adolphe Menjou was engaged for it. Then Barrymore's plans changed, he took the part, and Menjou took his salary, as the studio had no other picture ready for him. Nw ‘eben Rod Cameron, a young, six-foot Canadian, went to Los Angeles a year ago to learn the dime store business. That didn't work out very well, so he quit, took up little theater work, and now finds himself acting for Paramount. Death brought him his first role, that of ‘‘Corporal Underhill'' in Cecil B. DeMille's ‘‘Northwest Mounted Police.'' Earl Askam, a former stage star and war hero, was to have played it, but he died recently of a heart attack, and young Cameron (whose real name is Rod Cox) was summoned for it. By a grisly coincidence, the role includes a death scene, but he's so elated over getting the part that he can't afford to be superstitious. -K- iN Now that they need passports to sail for a tour of South America, it has been discovered that many of Toscanini's NBC Symphony musicians are men without a country. It seems that there was a general impression among them that all they had to do to become American citizens was to file their intentions of doing so; now they're not Americans, and, as they renounced their native lands, they don't legally belong anywhere. eoereeonc haoeniiiilans "an George Brent, working in Warner Brothers' ‘"‘The Sentence,"' offers to put up $10,000 at 10 to 1 odds that he won't marry for another three years. ‘"That's no reflection on Ann,"' he says, meaning Ann Sheridan, whom gossips have him wed- ding soon. "It's just that I'm going to wind up my picture contract then, and I'm not making any marriage plans until I do.'' Miss Sheridan (working in ‘They Drive by Night,'' same studio) is equally vehement. ‘‘George and I haven't even discussed getting married,'' says she. But-it's the kind of buildup that so often leads to an elopement, in Hollywood! - | Carl Hoff, on the CBS Al Pearce show, drew an impressive crowd the other day and wished he hadn't. He parked his new coupe and then tried to get out of it, and couldn't. He went through assorted acrobatic convulsions, thrusting his feet and arms out of the windows in all possible combinations, while the crowd offered advice hilariously. The new coupe has patent thief-locks on its doors. Only after he had struggled till he was limp did it occur to Hoff to pass the key to one of the amused bystanders. where your friends are,"' says Anna. ‘‘Mother needs you, lovey,'' says Grandma. ‘"‘I'd just as soon go a little easy on the financial end,"' hints Dad. ‘‘Now, whether you go or stay home, let me talk to you about your clothes,'' says Aunt Margaret, who works in a frock shop. Jane goes to college. Immediate- ly the agonizing question from week or Temple. RICHMOND, month. 70 HOTEL Reasonable Rates Completely E. No. Temple, fury Sajt everyone. By KATHLEEN NORRIS ER marriage is usually H the first important step that a girl takes as an individual, independent person. Before that everything has been more or less disMURIEL ANGELUS cussed by the family, and adcomedy stars; she played the lead vice and influence have been liberally by uncles, in ‘‘Balalaika'' on the stage there- used you'll recall that Nelson Eddy and aunts, mother, father, everyIlona Massey did the picture ver- one. Even Anna, waiting on sion. She has been in this country for two years; last year, while sing- the family table, has had her ing on the New York stage in ‘‘The word to say. Boys From Syracuse,'' she ' was ‘Don't you go off east to colsigned up by Paramount, and ‘‘The lege, Miss Jane. You stay Light That Failed,'' with Ronald Colman, was her first picture. Then she did ‘‘Safari'' and ‘‘The Way of All Flesh,' followed them with "(Down Went McGinty."' ones Block of a so- rority arises, and all the girls tell Jane such contradictory things that she frequently goes into hysteria before deciding between the merits of Kappa and Theta. When she buys clothes her chum goes along. When she gets an invitation Mother suggests a yes or a no. The books she reads, the hats she wears, the dances and nightclubs she frequents are all a matter of mass selection; Jane only asks to be allowed to do what the other girls do. Then comes the awful moment when she has to make up her mind whether she wants to marry Dick or doesn't. Nobody can help her here. Mother says she likes Dick, but then she likes lots of other boys, too. Dad nods his head thoughtfully while murmuring: ‘‘nice young man. Very good head.'' But that's as far as he will go. The girls chorus to Jane that they think Dick is divine, and among themselves say quite different things, and Jane knows that they do. Loyalty First Problem. In selecting Dick she learns, with a little first premonition of the gravity, the pain of wifehood, that she has to be loyal to him. She can't eriticize him any more, or laugh at him. She can't let anyone else criticize him or laugh at him. One of the bewildering features of an engagement is this first obligation of loyalty. Often the effect of this on the engaged girl is to make her feel lonely. She wants everyone to approve of her choice, indeed to envy her. And if Dick fails her in any way it is much more natural for her to turn back to the old group, and see him as they do, rather than sticking to her own secret conviction that he can't do anything wrong. No saying was ever truer than that misery wants company; sometimes one sees engaged girls or young wives acting very skittishly, saying things they don't mean at all, and all the time eyeing Mama and the girls to see how they feel about Dick's abSurdities, trying to convince them that she, the bride, thinks him rather ridiculous, too. And yet all the while she wants him to be 100 per cent loyal to her; it breaks her heart, it crushes her, if he shames her or laughs at her in the presence of his old friends or his family. Where Trouble Lurks. Old friends and family! It is in these quarters that so much of the trouble arises, and there is need of loyalty. Sometimes a bride rather likes her husband's brothers and men friends, they are so admiring and so much fun! But there never was a husband yet who really liked to have his wife's married sister, her aunt Mattie, her high school KODAK If there is any essential quality that a bride must acquire or possess it is a feeling of loyalty to her husaccording to this message Roll Developed and 16 prints prints 25c. REX PHOTO :: by OFFICE Kathleen Norris. If marriage is going to be lasting and enduring, loyalty must be present. Naturally, the choice she makes isn't going to be perfect. Everybody has a few faults and the new bride must soon realize this and make alllowances. If she doesn't she finds herself in plenty of trouble before NEW AND typewriters, S. L. DESK Haven ele- be silent ELECTRIC the trifles MARKING BABY U Pays. reproaching CHICKS HATCHED TESTED CHI HATCHER INEXPENSIVE MEALS & The best food in Salt Lake is The MAYFLOWER CAFE at 154 South Main-POPULAR PRI Luncheons, Dinners and Sandwi tig r KODAK FINISHING e PHOTO-KRAFT ECONOMY FILM SERVICE 2: |= Any NOY Roll Developed with 8 Quality PrintsExtra Prints - - - - - « a Mn" Didt - +2 t did coin and film carefully - bey th Wrap meth: febir SCHRAMM-JOHNSON DR PHOTO-KRAFT-Box 749 Salt Lake City, Utah n't th me BAND SCHOOL BAND SCHOOL ty sio ebsitat baught tig HAWKINS Salt Lake City) Summer Course - Band Instrum ben June 17 to July 19-Tuition only $i on 5 weeks Study and Recreation Daily School, 7 a.m. to 12 noon Beginners and Advanced Student 50 hrs. private practice. 20 individu is sons. D Band, Harmony, 4 Tournaments, ‘Trips. nished--small fee. Harvard in University and Room Ave., or Instruments - tumu hg Register now. . J HawkiS (om Reasonable be ber a | wri of Utah. near schoo te ii HOTEL BEN LOMO: OGDEN, UTAH group of your old friends, make him feel that your admiration and underStanding are his as a matter of course. He won't mind any of the humiliations or awkwardnesses of the evening if he knows that you are right beside him, his wife, and glad to be his wife, and ready to talk it all over on the way home. is always DEVICES COLORADO conversation that threatens to make him ridiculous, or ill at éase in some Devotion REPAI S Government Approved White Barred Rocks and New Hampshi hatch all summer. Try a few chi are hatched RIGHT and see the diff SUNNY CHIX HATCHERY, Filer, DENVER BLOOD which your new husband fails you. Whether he is at a bridge party and playing pretty poor bridge, or at a golf club and far behind the others at golf, or floundering in some "‘Walter MOTORS Rubber Stamps - Metal Tags - No Corp. Seals - Bronze Memorial Mar Name Plates. UTAH STAMP CO 118 West South Temple St., Salt in all Tempests. about desks and chairs, mch's, safes, W. Broadway, Salt Satisfactory work guaranteed in mi time on motors and transformers, § ELECTRIC CO., 141 Pierpont, Salt It does sound irrational. And yet if Jane wants her marriage to continue, wants to build a complete and happy and successful relationship between herself and her new husband, she will often have to be irrational, and he will, too. They will often have to forego reason for that higher attitude in which all logic disappears in the warmth of confidence and love. All marriages have their difficult moments, but these moments will be safely weathered as long as there is rockbound, unfailing, instant loyalty between a man and his wife. So put that into your spiritual hope-chest first of all, you brides of June. Love is a beautiful thing, and while young love and passion last they fulfill the law; they brim life with ecstasy. But when they waver, when they are overclouded for a time, then put loyalty in their place. Be digni- fied, EQUIPMENT USED adding EX., 35 MAYTAG - APEX - DEXTER 10 - $2 3 30 ROLLS REPAIRING, ALL MA HOMER HANSEN MAYTAG §H 426 So. State, Salt Lake City brother or even her mother snugly ensconsed in his especial chair when he reached home tired and hungry, and there never will be. ‘‘Talk about loyalty!'' says Jane. ‘"‘Why, I'm always going to put my mother first and Dick Brown may as well know it!'' But that isn't the answer, and if Jane's mother is a sensible woman she'll be the first to admit it. As for the old school friends, when with a visible and violent effort, finding them for a third time enjoying his home in the late afternoon, Dick makes himself be civil to them. Jane is amazed to feel her spirit flaming suddenly into resentment. She loves Dick, but it is utterly unreasonable of him to dislike Peggy and Joan. And surely, just because one's married one needn't be disloyal to old friends! Loyalty, 25¢ 16 Ogden| WASHING MACHINES _ too long. With loyalty goes its counterpart -trust. This too is vital to a happy wedded life. With these two ments no marriage can fail. FINISHING 16 PRINTS 25¢) Loyalty band, eS ak The Name of the Famed Texas Longhorn SCOTT Come (Bell Syndicate-WNU Many was made of very thin candy, 7 tasty was the prop paper, inthat Douglas' co-stars ate up th Layee Here of "Too = i - U. §. Officials Say We Should Add to Our List of "Vanishing Americans By ELMO Actor Eats ‘Paper> The "paper" which Melvyn , las eats during one comic seq Se EEEE LR ESP ESE Se a ae ~aeae saBbawak 3 THE TEMES-INDEPENDENT, ff me that I make him feel ashamed,"' one of last autumn's brides writes me. *"‘We go about in a very nice most of the boys are more crowd, success- ful than Walter, and certainly I am not going to make much of him for things he hasn't done and pretend that I like being poor better than I would _No titude. like being Marriage But any 350 Rooms-350 survive wife who that Home Ro at- of Pe -Kiwanis-Execu Rxchoage-sOptieal 0-30" Chamber of Commerce and 4d UMD, is won- dering a little wistfully why Dick is a little silent these days, why he is not enthusiastic about the social affairs she plans, why some of the bloom, some of the radiance has gone from their Marriage, may find the answer here. re Grill Room .. Coffee Shop. TH successful!" can dy Baths - $2.00 @ tay. Family Rooms for 4 persons ** Air Cooled Lounge and Lobby Hotel Ben rs | as bor be t 4 Lerine Lomon re OGDEN. UTAH Come ov you are T. B. Fitzgerald' WNU - Week No. 4025 - SALT i that ef, a» |