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Show PortuO"al PortuOal Portugal o Powero " , Former World Power PowerI , I I Begins Recapture of Prestige PrestigePORTUGAL I PORTUGAL PORTUGALAZORES AZORES AZORESPORTUGUESE PORTUGUESED D U UMACAO PORTUGUESE MACAO MACAOv v- v vGU GU NEA e - 4 4DAMAO DAMAO DAMAOCAPE CAPE VERDE VERDESLANDS OA SLANDS ' 4 O AN OLA OLAMOZAMB MOZAMB pUE SLANDS OF pd pdSAO OFPORTUGUESE PORTUGUESEpd SAO TOMS TOMSS PORTUGUESE S PR NC PE PETIMOR TIMOR New Life Stirs Hlstonc Historic HlstoncHomehnd HistoricHomelind HistoricHonielind Homehnd Homel-ind Homel ind Homehndof Homelindof - of AncIent AncIentTrade AncientTrade AncientTrade Trade BuildersPre Builders BuildersPrepared - pre Prepared Cared $ gl by l Nat t onal n'Cl nCl ' Geographic Gemraphie Society letY letYFour SocietyWashington .lJrsliv liv Washington Washington D CWNU C -WNU WNU - WtU .lJrs lJrs . Service ServiceFour ServiceFour : ; Four centuries centunes ago Portugal Portugalchanged Portugalchanged Portugalchanged changed the map of the world by her herepochal herepochal herepochal epochal epochala a hievements hlevements in d scovery scoveryThe scoveryThe scoveryThe The vast wealth that poured Into Intoher intoher intoher her treasury d d much to shape the thecourse thecourse thecourse course of European aila affa a Ta rsNo rs rsNo No unsupported bombast was the thet t tie tle assumed by the monarchsKmg monarchsKing monarchs monarchsKing King Kmg by the grace of God of Por Portugal Portugal Portugal tugal and of the Algarves both on onthIs onthis onthis thIs side of the sea and beyond in inAfrica inAfrica InAfrica Africa Lord of Guinea Gumea and of Con Conquest Conquest Conquest quest Navigation NaVlg.ahon NaVlgahon . and Commerce of ofEth ofEth ofEth Eth opia opla Arab a Pers a and In Ind Inda Ind d da a daThen aThen Then too teo there were the Azores AzoresMade AzoresMade AzoresMade Made ra and gigantic Brazil whose whosenches whoseriches whoseriches nches riches proved even greater and andmore andmore andmore more permanent permancnt than the commerce commercePortugal commercePortugal commercePortugal Portugal pioneered in m the Far EastBut East EastBut But lean years came Energebc Energetic EnergebcNetherlands EnergeticNetherlands EnergeticNetherlands Netherlands traders captured many manyof manyof manyof of the Orient anent s markets IndIan IndIanmonopolIes Indianmonopolies Indianmonopolies monopolIes vanished Braz 1 I waxed waxedstrong waxedstrong waxedstrong strong and became mdependent independent independentWars . . Wars internal confusion and un im unprovIdent improvident im.provident improvident . provIdent rulers contributed contnbuted further furtherto to her decline During Durmg the last cen century century century tury Portugal has seen much of eco economIc economic economic nomIc depression depressionNew depressIOnlew depression1ew \ New l\ew l ew 1\ew 1 \ \ National l\atlonal l atlonal rational LIreIn LifeIn Life LIre LifeIn In the past 10 years ho vever vevernew vevernew vevernew new life We has stirred in m this illstorJc historic illstorJcnat historicnaton historicnat nat naton on Though less spectacular spectacularthan spectacularthan spectacularthan than sa sailing lllg the seas in search of ofthe ofthe the mysteries mystenes of Africa Afnca or the wealth wealthof wealthof of the Ind lad es Portugal s program of ofrehab ofrehab ofrehab rehab 1 I tat on has been scarcely less lessimpressive lessimpressive lessimpressiveToday impressIVe impressIVeToday Today new foundations have been beenlaid beenlaid beenlaid laid m in the Estado Novo or New NewState NewState NewState State Portugal has been able to tomamtam tomaintain tomaintain mamtam maintain a balanced budget Ports Portsroads Portsroads roads munic mUlliC pal corporal corporat ons CIVIC CIVICvelfare civicvelfare civicvelfare velfare schools and public enter enterpnse enterprise enterprise pnse prise have felt the qu ckened pulse pulsebeat pulsebeat pulsebeat beat of the new order Leader of ofth ofth ofth th s government is Premier Prenuer Antomo Antonio Antomode Antoniode Antoniode de 011e Oin 011\ 011 Olin \ e a ra Salazar SalazarA A few years ago roads were hard hardly hardly hardly ly more than marks left by the an anclen ancient andent clen\ clen cient clenwayward \ , , wayward wanderings wandermgs of Ibn Ibnerant : itinerant tin tinerant erant oxcarts and were alternately alternatelydeep alternatelydeep deep with mud or choked with pal1 palI pal I d dust . . . Now they have surfaces of ofgravel ofgravel gravel or stoneSIde stoneSide stone stoneSide Side stepp ng rig mules and lumber lumbermg lumbering lumbering mg ing oxen are still the chief hazards hazardsto to tenders fenders m in rural districts dlstncts but the themotorIst themotorist themotorist motorIst who blithely swerves round rounda a corner without g vmg ving warnIng warningmay warningmay may hit somethmg something harder For Forthere Forthere Forthere there are buses and an mcreasmg increasing mcreasmgnumber increasingnumber increasingnumber number of truckslany trucksMany trucks trucksMany ! \ Many \lany lany \ hew l\ew l ew 1ew IhghwaysPassenger highwaysPassenger Highways Ihghways HighwaysPassenger Passenger vehicles no v operate operateon on more than 5000 5 000 miles mUes of major majorhIghwaysthIs majorhighwaysthis majorhighways hIghways-thIs hIghways thIs - this in m a country only 350 350mIles 350miles 350miles mIles long and 125 miles mUes w de In Inrecent inrecent Inrecent recent years they the.r ther . have carried carriedenough carriedenough carriedenough enough people to approximate t tvorides vo vorIdes vorides rIdes yearly for each of the 7 260 000 000mhab 000mhab 000mhab mhab tantsWalkmg tantsWalking tants tantsWalking Walking Walkmg however is by no means meansa a lost art Seeing Seemg women graceful gracefulas as Greek goddesses with heavy wa water water water ter jars or baskets or produce produceperched produceperched produceperched perched on their heads emphasIZes emphasIZesthat emphasizesthat emphasizesthat that fact Most market going gomg peas peasants peasants peasants ants still r de flop eared donkeys donkeysrather donkeysrather donkeysrather rather than fuvversAlthough fiivversAlthough flivvers fuvvers fiivvers flivversAlthough Although progressive innovatens innovatensincrease Snnovat Innovat ons onsmcrease onsincrease mcrease increase traditional customs and andOld andOld andOld Old World scenes prevail A VISIt VISItto visitto visitto to Portugal savors of a pleasant m in mtervlew interview interview tervlew terview with the gracious occu occupants occupants occupants pants of a historic family m.lnorAs manorAs manor m.lnor mlnor manorAs . As your ship steams Into the theTagus theTagus theTagus Tagus nvger tlvger rivger < ( Tejo ) at dawn you youhave youhave youhave have the feeling fcelmg of moving movmg along a ahallway ahallway ahallway hallway filled with treasured heIr heIrlooms heirlooms heirlooms looms On your port a slender ray rayof rayof rayof of sunshine piercing plercmg a cloud seeks seeksout seeksout seeksout out the quaint quamt waterside tower of ofBelemhall ofBelemhalf ofBelem Belem-hall Belem hall Belem-half half - half Moorish halt hall half ornate ornateManuellne ornateManuehne ornateManueline Manuellne Manuehne m in desIgn-whIch desIgn whIch design - which stands standsas standsas as a symbol of Portugal s early earlyventures earlyventures earlyventures ventures beyond the seas seasGolden seasGolden seasGolden Golden Age Beauty BeautyA A short d stance beyond rears the thedome thedome thedome dome and white stalagmitic stalagrmtlc spIres spIresof spiresof spiresof of the old Monastery ot of Jeronymos Jeronymosan an artistic crystallization of the thecountry thecountry thecountry country s Golden age opulenceThere opulenceThere opulence opulenceThere There in m a tiny tmy mariner marmer s chapd chapel chapdthat chapelthat chapelthat that formerly occupied occuplCd the site siteVasco siteVasco siteVasco Vasco da Gama and his crew said saidprayers saidprayers saidprayers prayers the n ght before they hoist hoisted hoisted hoisted ed sail to beat around the Cape of ofGood ofGood ofGood Good Hope and blaze the sea trail trailto trailto trailto to India There beneath lofty loftyarches loftyarches loftyarches arches in one of the transepts his hisboct.1 hisborn hisbocry boct.1 boct1 born . now rests Another of Portu Portugal Portugal Portugal gal s heroes also shares that quiet quietLUIs quietLuis quietLUIS LUIs de Camoens ( Camoes ) whose whoseepIc whoseepic whoseepic epIc poem The Lusiads Luslads sang of the thedoughty thedoughty thedoughty doughty Vasco1lJgh VascoHigh Vasco VascoHigh High 1lJgh on the opposite bills hills loomed loomedthe loomedthe loomedthe the remains remams of old torts forts and crum crumblmg crumbung crumbling blmg bung castles appearing appearmg like faded - , I PORTUGUESE POSSES POSSESI POSSESSIOVS POSSESSIOVS POSSESSIOVS I SIOVS Here llere is rs tJie the uorllttideextent Horll uorll Horlllude uorllnude lude nude ludeI ludeettent nudeextent I ettent extent : of Portugal Portl/gal Portl gal Portlgals Portugals / s empire Four empireFour hundred years ago thistiny tTlIS this tTlIStmy thistiny tmy tiny nation natron changed the map of ofthe ofthe ofthe the norld torld riorld ! by its acluevements achievements achievementsin acluevementsrn rn in explorationModern etploratlonUodern exploration1lodern discoveryand discovery and andetploratlon andexploration etploratlon exploration : Uodern 1lodern PortugalIS Portugal is now at attenzptrn atteniptinr attemptin tenzptrn teniptinr " the comeback conzebac ! . traIlrn trailin trail mthe rn in rnthe inthe the fieldof field ofttOrld ofworld of uorld ttOrld world prestige presf1ge prestigepa pa ntings nUngs through the morning haze hazeAt hazeAt hazeAt At the end of a seven mile long cor corndor corridor corndor ndor ridor the Tagus broadens into a awIde awide awide wIde marine marme anteroom Greeks GreeksPhoewclans GreeksPhoenicians GreeksPhoenicians Phoewclans Phoenicians Romans Moors and andvIsionary andvisionary andvisionary vIsionary Crusaders as wellas well as ashardy ashardy ashardy hardy Portuguese navigators have haveanchored haveanchored haveanchored anchored their ships along It its itsshores itsshores ! shores Here have come rich argo argoSles argosaes argosies Sles saes bearing bearmg sp ces silks and por porcelams porcelains porcelams celams celains from the East and gold from fromBrazil fromBrazil fromBrazil Brazil . . . Armada s Port of CallFrom CallFrom Call CallFrom From these waters in m 1588 when whenPortugal whenPortugal whenPortugal Portugal was a vassal of SpaIn SpaInsailed Spainsailed Spainsailed sailed the Invincible InvmClble Armada to suf suffer suffer I Ifer fer defeat dcfeat by British Bntlsh force and rag ragI ragmg ragmg raging I mg storms Some of the boats that thatrIde thatride thatride rIde there today like the craft th that thatcame thatcame thatI t tcame I came to the Tagus of old have up turned upturned Phoenician Phoewclan prows or the slop ' ing big sloping slopbig lateen sail of Arab dhowsAs dhowsAs dhows dhowsAs slop'I 'I I As you swing swmg into mto the lakehke lakellke lakelilre es estuary estuary estuary tuary a freshening breeze consp res reswith reswith I wlth with the mounting mounbng sun to sweep sweepaway sweepaway sweepaway away the obscuring tog fog from LIsbon Lisbonas as suddenlydrawn it If a curtain curtam has been suddenly LIsbonI I drawn as deLIsbon deLisbon de deLisbon Lisbon or Lisboa Llsboa as it is locally locallycalled locallycalled locallycalled called is the nearest contmental continental contmentalcapital continentalcapital continentalcapital capital to V \ Washington \ ashmgton ashington D DC C ItIS It IS ISappro'llmately isapproximately isapproximately appro'llmately approllmately approximately ' : tl U e a same size and and1 andI I 1 es at almost exactly the same par parallel parallel parallel allel as our natonal nat onal capital . 1'1 11 Iz 1'1i 1'1stead Izstead Instead ' i stead of a city of magn ficent d s stances stances stances tances however Lisbon is a city of ofmagn ofmagn ofmagn magn flcent ficent hillsThIs hillsThis hills hillsThis This five mile mult hued pano piano panorama pianorama panorama rama of cliff terraces rearing rearmg above abovethe abovethe abovethe the Tagus invites mVltes comparison companson Witl witlNaples witlNaples I INaples Naples and Istanbul As back background background background ground it at lacks lachs a Vesuvius VesuvJUs or the thespearpo thespearpo I Ispearpo spearpo nts of minarets yet it st II 11 11achieves 11achieves , achIeves the spectacular w wi ) hIts hItsbrIght h its itsbright itsbright hItsI I brIght build ngs rigs sprawling palaces palacessubtropIcal palacessubtropical palacessubtropical subtropIcal gardens and old fort fortlllstorlc fortHistoric fortHistoric lllstorlc Historic Sights AboundBetween AbouailBetween Abound Abouail AboundBetween Between the somber ba battlements ttlements of ofSt ofSt ofSt St George once a Mornsh Morrish stronl strong stronghold stronphold : ' hold and the modernharves modern \ wharves \\harves harves more morethan morethan morethan than e a ght cent cent-ines cent ines cent.mes centmes . - cries of visible hisH his \ ' \ H . , ' " f 1 i iW " W " , < JJ ! . $ .A A . a - " " j , , t iff . l " \ ) v < H { , "f f " "fY u Y > \ ! \ v I . I " . LJ\ LJ LJt'f . t'f tf , ; ' ifII 'f f ' R ; ' \ t ? " ' . J - \ ' " .If If . , < : ' > w ' > . 1 1LEADER l'l ll f $ % > ' \ a a.j ? \ < ' P1 < > ; P1i . " / ' > . .j j b " ' < - , " > [ . .x'f .xf xf . . " ' ; " \i i ' \ t tbt bt a aLEADER I LEADER Antonio di dl dt- dt dtOlIVeira - , OlIVeira OlIVeiraSalazar OliveiraSalazar OliveiraSalazar Salazar ts u is Portugal Portugals s present pre premler premier promier I mler mier He is leading leadmg the nation inUs In Inlis inits lis its struggle to regain the flee presuge prestige presugeonce prestigeonce prestigeonce I once possessed by Portuguese sea seamen seamen seamen seamentory mentory men tory are spread in impress ve ye ar array array array ' ray Many other centuries dat ng rig ngI ngback rigback ngback I back to Phoemc Phoenic an and Roman oc occupatlon occupation occupation cupatlon cupation have been covered by ItS ItSgrowth itsgrowth itsgrowth itsgrowthOnce growth growthOnce Once ashore we ga go n new per perspectlve perspective perspectlve spectlve spective of the city s hills Instead Insteadof Insteadof 1 1of of the single curved range that ap appears appears . pears from the harbor there are areseveral areseveral areseveral several separate emmences eminences LIs LIsI Lisbon Lisbon I bon spreads over ovcr more hills than d d dancient dancient ; ancIent Rome And they are steep steeper steeper PracaI er Venture aW away lY < from the Praca Pracado Pracado Pracado I do Commercio Commerclo Commercto the Rocio Roclo ( Rosslo Rossio Rossioand ) and the long Avenida Avemda da Llberdade Laberdade Laberdadewhich Liberdadewhich , whIch cleaves the city in an halland halfand hall half and andone andone andone one must climbMotorcars climbMotorcars climb climbMotorcars : Motorcars take circuitous routes routesand routesand , and even then often have to growl growlup growlup growlup up in 1D low gear Tramways and cog cogwheeled cog.wheeled cogwheeled . . wheeled cars run everywhere evelywbere evelyavbere but butthey butthey butthey they climb clunb uncanny slopes and andtWISt andtwist andtwist tWISt around unbelievable corners cornersOn cornersOn cornersOn On the narrow precipitous stree streets streetsmen streetsmen men are stationed stahoned at eachcurve each curve curveWIth curvewith curvewith WIth paddles painted pamted red on one side sideand sideand sideand and green on the other to flash stop stopand stopand stopand and go signals for passing passmi Is un 1m unpossible 1mpossible impossible possible |
