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Show SESN .J J . . SESNHEARD nd HEARD HEARDal HEARDar6 ndHEARD ar6 ar6nd'the al ' nd nd'the ndthe nd'theNATIONA ' 't t ' NATIONA NATIONAJ NATIONACAPI N TION , J CAPITAL CAPI TAI TAICarter CAPITALf TAIp p f ; Carter Field . ' WashmgtonThe WashingtonThe Washington Washmgton -The The - The good old daysof days daysof daysof of 1929 are not coming commg back-are back are backarenot backarenot bade - arenot not en route-are route are route--are route - - - are not even deslred desired deslredby desiredby desiredby by the New Deal This has beensaid been beensaId beensaid saId by President Roosevelt many manytm1es manytimes manytimes tm1es times , but its present importancelies importance importancelies Importancelies lies in some figures recently sub sub- submitted submitted . - mitted mltted to a group of economists byDr by byDr byDr Dr . Harold G . Moulton , , presIdent presidentof of the Brooklngs Brookings Institution InstitutionDr Dr . . Moulton made some very in- in interesting in interesting . - teresting terestwg comparisons with 1929 em employment em- em employment employment - ployment and production figures figuresSome figuresSome figuresSome Some construed the chief cluef thought to tobe tobe tobe be that the country cotmtrj has not arrivedyet arrIved arrIvedyet arrivedyet yet at a situation where enough of ofeverythmg ofeverything ofeverything everythmg everything for everybody can beproduced be beproduced beproduced produced by people wolkmg wol1ang woikmg onlyforty onlyforty only forty : hours a week But more significant sIgmficant , in m the VIew VIewof viewof viewof of some of the New Dealers who whol1ae wholeave whohave l1a\-e l1a e leave \ - been studying his ills attItude attitudeis , IS that the doctor made a lIberal lIberalesbmate liberalestimate liberalestimate esbmate estimate about the number of men menv.ho menwho menwho v.ho vho who . could be employed-In employed In employed-m m employed - - in addItIon additionto to those wolking wolldng working at present present-In present In presentInhat presentinshat - mwhat \\hat hat shat ' \ are classed as the durable durablegoods durablegoods durablegoods goods mdustrIes-pnmarIly mdustrIes pnmarIly industries-primarily industries primarily industries - - primarily mdus indus mdustrIes mdustries industries trIes which produce machinery machmery and andothcr andother andother othcr other things thmgs which are not used up upbut , , but generally add to the cotmtry's cotmtrys country's countrys country'sproductive cotmtry'sproductive country'sproductive countrysproductive ' productive capacity . As for exam exam- example example . - ple pIe , a new blast furnace , a newnewspaper newnewspaper new newnewspaper newspaper press , , new canning cannwg or ortextIle ortextile ortextile textIle machmery-m machmery m machinery-in machinery in machinery - in fact , , machin machm machin- machinery machinery . - ery of any sortDr sortDr sort sortDr Dr . Moulton estimated that morethan morethan more morethan I than eight million m1l11on more men would wouldbe wouldbe wouldbe be employed emplojed m in the durable goods goodsmdustry goodsindustry goodsindustry , mdustry industry if 1929 conditions were tobe to tobe tobe be equalled equal1ed This does not mean meanthat meanthat meanthat that precisely preclsely that number less are areemployed areemployed areemployed employed now m the durable goods goodsmdustrzes goodsindustries goodsindustries mdustrzes industries than v s . were ere m m in 1929 Allcw- Allcw Allow- Allow Allowances Allcw-ances Allcw ances Allcwances - ances are made for increase mcrease in m pop populabon population population ulabon ulation and other factors . . But the chief ChlCf point pomt here made mnde bythe by bythe bythe the New Deal economists is thlS this thlShuge thishuge thishuge huge number nUTnber of persons employed employedin employedm m the durable goods industries mdustrIes was wasone wasone wasone one of the really vital things thmgs wrongwith wrong wrongwlth wrongwith wlth with the then sItuatIon-one sItuatIon one situation - - one of the theImportant theimportant theimportant Important factors which wluch resulted In Inthe inthe inthe the collapse collapse-one collapse one - - one of the contribut contribut- contributing contributing - . ing mg causes to the situation sltuatIon WhICh WhIChthe whichthe whichthe the New Deal is 15 seeking seekmg to correct correctLogic correctLogic Logic Is SimplePresident Simple SimplePresident President Roosevelt does not be- be beheve be believe . - lieve heve such a large proportion proportlon of the thecountry's thecountry's thecountry's thecountrys country's countrys ' labor should be used m in mthe inthe inthe the durable goods mdustrIes'as mdustrIesas industries'as industriesas industries ' ' as v.as vas sas v.asso sasso . wasso so employed in m 1929 His logic IS ISsImple issimple issimple sImple though not very widely un- un understood un understood - . derstood derstoodHis His point pomt is that too much of theearnings the theearnmgs theearnings earnmgs earnings of the big corporations m in mthe inthe inthe the good years preceding precedmg the crash crashas crashwas crashwas \\as as was \ plowed back into mto the bus business businessToo businessToo mess messToo Too many units umts in m the various in- in industries in m industries . - dustries dustrles , , he points pomts out in m conversa conversa- conversations conversations . - tions , decided declded that business busmess wasgood wasgood was wasgood goodsthan good , they could sell more goods than they could make-so make so make - so they bu builtan built t tan an addItIonal plant The result was , , that instead mstead ofthese of ofthese othese these earnings earmngs being bemg dlstnbuted distributed distributedwhether , ' whether to labor , to stockholders stockholdersor , or , by reduced prices pnces , into mto creatmia creatmga creatinga creatmg creating a larger purchasing purchasmg power V.blCh VblCh which V.blChwould whichwould . whiciwould ' would absorb more goods , theywere they theywere the ; " were frozen into mto plants for the prod"ucts products prod prod- products . - ucts whenthere of . which V.bICh VbICh the day came when whenthere wheithere > there \ was sas \ as no market marketImmediately . . spreadlack Immediately Immedlately the tbe situation spread . , lack of confidence was inspired msplred , peo peopIe peopie peopie pIe began to save and hoard money moneyand , and the factories stood , as be he l.1kes l1kes likes l.1kesto likesto . like ; ; to say , "stark stark "starl starl " , and idle " . So the New Deal economists would ( wouldread woulddread dread the day when Dr . Moulton Moulton's Moultons Moulton'seshmate Moulton'sestimate ' ; estimate eshmate of how many more men mencould mencould meicould ' could be employed in m the durabLgoods durable durablegoods durablegoods - goods industries mdustrles might be real1zed realized real1zedIn realizedin realizeim woulfigure wouldfigure In actual employment They would ( 1 follow tolow figure another 1929 crash \ would could \ ould fol to- to ! - . low very speedilyPopularity speedily speedlly speedilyPopularity Popularity DeclinesProbably Declines DeclinesProbably Probably the decline declme of at PresIdent c PresidenRoosevelt's PresidenRoosevelts PresIdentRoosevelt's Roosevelt's Roosevelts ' ' popularity is much muchmore muchmore mudmore * more real realcertainly real-certamly real certamly real-certainly certainly - certainly it is much muchmore muchmore mudmore more thaiit thanit ObVIOus-on ObVIOus on obvious - on Capitol Capital Hill HIlI than it is out in the country Senatorand Senators Senatorsand Senatorsand 3 and representatives representahves m In private con con- conversations conversations . - versahons versations believthe behevethe believethe admit that they beheve believe 1 the fraction President has lost only a frac frac- . - - tIon countryProof of his hlS following follov.mg follovmg . m the country COtmtry . . nobe notbe Proof Proot of that pudding puddmg . will v.lll vlll sill not be evident until there are some SIg sig- . - sismficant significant mficant nificant primaries prunarles , , m WhlChsome whichsome which WhlCh somanti some 2 anb anti someanb someanti New Deal Democrat puts up uoreal a real areal battleBut battleBut battle battleBut But on Capitol Capltol Hill there arc are a arosurprising asurprlsmg asurprising surprlsmg surprising number of Democrats Democratwho Democratswho who seem anxious anuous an 10US that the PresI- PresI - - - Prosdent's Prosdents PresIdent's dent's dents ' ' foot should slip shp a little ItIS It IS ] s ISone one of the reasons figtagainst fightagamst fightagainst why the fight agamst against enlargement of ot the Supreme Supremcourt Supremecourt court has become so unportant-and unportant and unportantand importanand unportant- unportant importan t- t - - - - and so bitter . . Most of the insurgents do not ex - - . e-plain e plain explain plam plain claim insurgingtheclaim theclaim why they are msurgmg-they msurgmg they insurging-the insurging the insurging - - y that in m each particular case ? , casib caseb b . " it the court , or the reorgamz reorgamza reorganiza ; - . reorganization tion , or federal itPWA thePWA thPWA economy , , or the th e PWA theregret theIrregret thenregret , . , or what not , , much to theIr then r regret thev they have been forced to op ] > . ) oDOSC oppeso 1)cse 1cse peso the President Presldent PresidentIt PresldentIt mnost theynost It is perfectly true that they , , m r . n . - -nost nost most - instances mstances at least Jcast , , are arc really reall . realopposed really"pposed reallopposed "pposed pposed opposed " to the President on these IS . issues sues But there is an tmderlYing underlyln g underlylrmotive tmderlYingmota underlylnmotitie mota motitie e which WhlCh has not come out outthe mthe m in " the openThlS openThis open openThis thewhen thatwhen This ThlS is a burning desire that t , when the Democratic Democratlc natlonalcon nationalcon national natlonal con a- a - . covention convention vell vention hencewill itWI lon meets three years hence , , i it t will WI ] be dominated dommated by what hito lIketo likto they lIke lik ; c to call R Regular gulc1r Democrats " , and an d ai4 anli 1 li & ' Mil 'nll1 nll1 auk positively POslllvey } not nominate a New Dealer to succeed Mr . , Roose Roose- Roosevelt Roosevelt RooseveltThird - veltThird velt Third Term Up Again AgainThey AgainThey They arc are assuming-and assuming and assuming - and it seems seemsto seemsto seemsto to many observers to be a VlOlent violent VlOlentassUTnptionthat violentassumptionthat violentassumption assUTnption-that assUTnption that assumption-that assumption - that the President wlll will wlllnot willnot willnot not seek a third thlrd term . Strangely Strangelyenough Strangelyenough Strangelyenough enough their very course of acbon action actionif , , If sufficiently successful , , may force forcethe forcethe forcethe the President Presldent to take another nom nom- nomination nommatfonJ - . ination matfonJ matloni ; It may turn out , it if what he hewIll hewill hewill wIll regard as the reactionaries inthe In Inthe inthe the D Democratic mocrabc party are appar appar- apparently apparently apparently - ently in control and purpose toname to toname toname name some man he will not believewill beheve believe behevewill believewill will carry out his policies pol1cles , , that Mr Mr.Roosevelt MrRoosevelt . . Roosevelt will conceive it his pa- pa patriotic pa patriotic . - triotic trlobc duty to run for a third term . This ThlS possibility posslblhty , however , , does not notseem notseem notseem seem to enter at all into the logic logicof logicof logicof of the msurging insurging Democrats . . Theyare Theyarc They Theyarc arc are frankly hostile hostlle to the nomina nomma- nomma nomina- nommabon nomination nomination - tion bon of ot any of the men who they feel feelsure feelsure feelsure sure would win Roosevelt's Roosevelts ' ' ' approv approv- approval approval approval - al It is not so much Secretary of ofAgrIculture ofAgriculture ofAgriculture AgrIculture Henry A Wallace , , or orany orany orany any other of the half hall halt dozen New NewDealers NewDealers NewDealers Dealers who have frequently beenmentioned becn been becnmentIoned beenmentioned mentIoned for the White House m in inthe mthe inthe the recent past pastBeing pastBeing Being BCIng pohticians polItICIanS themselves , the thesenators thesenators thesenators senators and representatives representatlves who whohope whohope whohope hope to regain rcga11l control of their thelr party partyat partyat partyat at the next convention and put aman aman a man more sabsfactory satisfactory to them in I , the White House , , . realize reahze that any any- anythmg anything anything - thing thmg may happen in the three long longyears longyears longyears years to come to trip any parbcular particular particularcandidate parbcularcandldate particularcandidate candldate candidate . . So it is not individualsthey mdlvlduals individuals mdlvldualsthey individualsthey they are planning plannwg to beat-It beat It beat - it is re- re really really re really - - ally , m in essence , the New Deal it- it itself it itself - . self sell . . It is not so much that they wantto want wantto wantto to make any move that Mr . Roose Roose- Roosevelt Roosevelt - . velt would regard as a backward backwardstep backwardstep backwardstep step But they just lust do not yearnto yearn yearnto yearnto to go any further forward They Theythmk Theythink Theythink thmk think they have gone plenty far already al- al already al already - - ready m in revamping revampmg the country'seconomic country's countrys country'seconomlC country'seconomic countryseconomic ' economlC economic structure struct4re structgre . They want a a"breathIng a"breathing a"breathing abreathing "breathIng breathIng " spellU spellThe spell U " The same logic 10glC spells plenty oftrouble of ofI oftrouble oftrouble trouble for Mr Roosevelt next session ses ses- session . - sion Slon unless there should be some someconvmcmg someconvincing someconvincing convmcmg convincing demonstration demonstratlon that the thecotmtry thecountry thecountry cotmtry country is 1S behind the President , , notthe not notthe . ! the he insurgentsLabor insurgents msurgents insurgentsLabor Labor Bill Hits SnagThe Snag SnagThe I The whole trouble about the max max- maxunum ma maximum ' - imum unum hours and minimum mWlmwn wages wagesblll wagesbill wagesbill : blll bill , so far as getting gettmg it 1t through con con- congress congress congress - gress is concerned , , lies hes m 10 in that dlf- dlf dif- dif differential dlfferentIal dif differential - ferential between wages m in theNorth the theNorth theNorth North and wages m the South . . In one way or another the gov gov- government government - . ernment has always avoided mak mak- making makmg makmg - ing mg any move which would inter mter inter- interfere interfere . - fere with the generally acceptedidea accepted acceptedIdea acceptedidea Idea that the wage scale m in the theSouth theSouth theSouth South should not be so high as itis It ItIS itis IS m in the NorthThe NorthThe North NorthThe The South has drawn many indus mdus- mdus mdustrIes mdustries industries - tries from the North as a resultof result resultof resultof of this differential d1fferenhal , plus certain certam oth oth- other other other - er advantages , such as smaller cost costfor costfor costfor for heating heatmg plants due to warmer warmerclunate warmerclimate warmerclimate clunate climate , etc It has been JustIfied lustifled JustIfiedby lustifledby justifiedby by the slightly sl1ghtly lower cost of l1vmg living livingm l1vmg1D livingin 1D in the South for the workers For Formstance Forinstance Forinstance mstance |
