Show all 0 0 0 ai 1 arn a ff b eal re if ON edw ow asseg assured tan ku tad DM be 1 invention Is expected to put IA 3 of i plane within reach of tat every family L tin tu the flying flivver divver hae has literally end and iw 4 1 all come into the sky although ai pioneer ass as wrecked aeronautic aeronaut le at beti believe that flying ang di xa viii become as plentiful relative r u their namesakes the new ex fn at in human flight proved itself uth ator 0 it U crashed upon a it jersey tree a 1 i as attempted flight from kew new york i t t washington elf ft hi tie nickname of 0 the lne join sa between a gilder glider end and a regular li Is befitting in respect t ue size fuel requirements relative a 61 aa and probable construction cost hill Devol tim ie Is quoted as having it ri ill d th the machine can and will be on i fantuzo fac in quantity at a retail in im of georges Il barbot arbot the pit dit pint dint nt hi hu said that the craft would cotto miles on a gallon of gasoline it 1 la respect to practical usefulness i a means of aerial transportation of I 1 win As or goods the flying flivver ld w ee ao no promise of ung living up to the T reputation in the opinion of it dation experts hi tit Dewolt lne machine Is different nn m i a glider in that I 1 tu las i it motor to withstand the vl T tri tab ration of the engine the wing ind anil skeletons and the body bad hid tt 1 U 1 constructed more strongly than t tie tte ce case of a glider gilder this meant ao adonal weight and together with ia 13 of the motor itself said to stilly only forty pounds made the whole hole de j a considerably heavier than a A at the total tonnage of the fly AY was about pounds with ft the pilot which aich ie Is dou bluthe AV av W eight of man coi carrying gilders successful man carrying gliders 70 1 leen teen made weighing even event lees less am the average of 1 pounds the Dewolt lne craft crafty Is different at a regular airplane mainly in that pt motor Is I 1 of much lower horse pow al nd the whole machine la is smaller al lifter the motor mou mounted in lu A I 1 bilting alever Is I 1 a two cylinder cler net ef of 0 twelve horsepower erdl nail small airplanes carry horse borse motors on the average though bt ut improvement in 1 propelled pro pellet a ving design are gradually lowera the e horsepower requisite in pro oa 04 to the me weight of machines k perry fast messenger mea plane re tested over lon island has bas a horsepower lorse power engine this riale la Is 6 vt 4 tha the small smallest in anthe I 1 the cot country citver itter b Is point of size pe he in on measures 40 feet from wing up UD W 15 feet over all in length craft in 1 a monoplane and even athe the 40 afoot foot spread its ts wing area less than the average airplane it w about equal however to the fag S surface of 0 many small types high speed one seater N which have mort mord pon powerful erful mo reagh touch much more but can sal ns 1 their weight with the small 11 wings amne of theW swiftness extend extends power of gliders tt power equipment of the flying is tr small though ithe is 1 enough do nil aw Y with ole the limitations pe PC mtr to glider glim lu its adal tight tt Low however evee li Is not too great ito t powerless gliding gilding A glider lori start flight from level ground P hu blairr lal tuler gilder flights ta are begun from b Y downhill km rolling S the craft to S t they a dick up P flying P add and un ott from the lope slope where bul bill tm art lwe less at beep P or long 10 catapult lite have bee ben n used to help al A flying y I 1 rig speed but with little 04 1 on n the whole in J nordman is 14 elastic 10 rope to propel his aall ea lato 0 the air from the highest ll 11 L boad 1 14 lit the golf unk near Day sIde 1 recent dedeo of flighty M seemingly impossible feat of A mb emna d aly 31 bi e ib ifs a of itice ot of upward move inc rementa mentA of L the air the fact act that air current currents do move upward and downward as ell Is I 1 often overlooked because uch such current currents are rarely encountered near the earths surface ana and i never ever in area areas where the surface li Is K flat and smooth obviously a down dowa moving current li Is deflected when it nears the earth and spreads out in a sort of radial wind movement it li Is plain too that aa an up moving current cannot originate just at the earth earths flat dat surface ur face because it t would cause a vacuum there the currents by virtue of which gliders can keep their altitude or even climb are not called wind winds usually defined as horizontal horii natural movements of air they are sometimes technically known as an winds with a vertical component compone nV souring soaring birds buch such as an hawks and eagles the natural gliders take advantage of these upward flowing vertical or inclined movements of air to fly and climb for hours at a time without flapping their wings or exerting themselves in any way except to maintain their balance and steer in areas where the air movement Is favorable there Is no doubt though of course there Is no direct t proof that these soaring bl ds have an instinctive sense of rising or falling a sort of exceedingly sen nat ural altimeter by which they pick out the upward moving areas of air gliding Is merely mans man way of imitating the soaring birds and man must ue use his ls common sense and intelligence and judgment in place of the soaring birds instinctive sense of rising or falling failing to spot the correct place to glide some aeronauts aeron aute prefer to call these the se 0 aircraft sailplanes sail gail planes instead of gliders which Is the term more corn conly applied 11 J nordman linen tor of the craft that recently made several flights over golf links near wayside sIde refers to bis his machine as a sali sailplane plaue downward air current currents gilder pilots have to guard in particular against the downward air cur rente rents it la is nobilous that in the total ot of all alf air movements over the ea th s surface the speed and volume of the rising currents equal at the speed and volume of the falling curren currents Is the falling currents are ahat in the pioneer days of ail atlon nere vere known as regarded with dread dreal air pockets pocket the slow flying airplanes of those d days ays like the Dewolt DeNol lne tine firing flying flivver vere ere more subject to downward eddies of wind ind and er ere less safe for that rea ren son the faster a B plane la Is moving through the air the less effect will it feel in reaction to air eddies or call the them aps bps as the aviator aviators thia this fact Is somewhat of an obstacle to the future popularity of flying fila vere tem which must be a relatively slow blow craft when not gliding if it Is to com bine the elements of gliding end and of poN powered ered flight the flying diners power eal equipment aliment Is just sufficient to give the craft a start from level gro ground and without the other sta barting farting far ting I 1 aid of ft A catapult or any de ice and in the air the motor makes continue continua flight in to aerial it possible to condI condition tims that do not permit perrall I 1 powerless gliding gilding the flying 1 driver ca can ily in still air or even in moderate and seek out areas do downward anward currents favorable to gliding wild ing this the glider gilder cannot do wien 1 ben the flying filing of course I 1 filmyer pilot reach reaches an ill are rea a in which the I 1 air Is rising he can throttle down and kill bis his motor perhaps or even is its a gilder machine fly gy his A regular airplane e can do tb the e same hot but not dot near nearly y so be 11 sure tl thing tint to ordinary the of motor well the larger large plane makes that much touch more dead weight and the relatively mailer smaller w wing ing area ared of f the airplane built for speedy flight Is 1 1 incapable capable of gliding at lit a much altitude without t losing rate than the lower slower glider or faster I 1 w flIr fl irrer a and nd lg upward rd air of the advantage ige ing in the slow 01 the instance I ifa this cu currents trent and the gilder glider flivver ness dess of the flying ev essential ciol factor of 61 PO angle WOO the the ratio jw the which alch through gl distance the horizontal borix a flying machine lne tildes slides or vol planes to the vertical distance it lower lowers it doing M 0 meana meanwhile hile retaining if its flying speed or normal rate at which it remain remains under full control of the pilot the ratio of six alx lx to one ii is a con serva tive average figure for airplanes that Is to say an average airplane with its it motor shut off at an altitude of 1000 feet can ol plane a horizontal distance of GWO feet under control before it cornea comes to land an effle efficient fent glider has hits as rood KOM an ancle angle of elide glide ai an an efficient airplane I 1 but the important difference Is I 1 that the glider travels 11 more lowly slowly ks turning in the foregoing raw taw tor for instance that the airplane would normally glide to the earth through gb the feet from a height of 1000 in one ono minute the glider with the same gliding gilding angle but much leu less speed might take two or even three minutes to glide the same distance the ile difference ference ts Is due to the varying flying filing speed the flying speed of an airplane or glider gilder ie Is the minimum speed it must maintain la in order to fly forward on a level under fall control it Is therefore practically the same as the peed speed of the craft at the moment it take takes off when the speed jut just begins to provide lift enough to overcome the weight of the machine flying peed speed not only varies with different type types of planes accord ing to design and ratio of wing area to weight but alo varies from time to time in an individual plane according to loading and to the condition of the wing wings and other essential part parts at the moment an airplane with ith a flying speed of 0 50 miles an hour with pilot only aboard will necessarily require a slightly higher flying speed with a passenger also aboard mere speed joust be attained to supply the additional lift A plane with its wings deiy tuned up to afford max imura eM efficiency clency will gradually require a higher ali ing speed thereafter a as the ft A ings logs sag and 1 arp out of bet align ment under the strain of usage flying speed wed flying speed la to general genera Is govern governed etl by th the e ratio of wing area to w weight the larger the total wa wing ng surface Is in proportion to the weight of the air plane or glider gilder the less la 13 the flying speed the less number of pound pounds that each square foot of wing ring surface has as to sustain the lower slower the wing must P pass ass through the air the object in glider construction therefore Is to brov provide ida as great win wing garett irea as possible 1 n I pro proportion portion with weight this makes for low fiang fl ing speed which fa Is cill tates the gliding eliding ant an I 1 climbing it permits Is such low fl it ing speed that gliders era much more frequently than air planes do the trick of seeming to fly melward rd As a the Dewolt ine machine did at roosevelt field this Is 18 due d lue mer merely ely to gliding gilding or lb flang ing headed into a wind aind with a it velocity greater than the 0 fling ing speed of the craft 5 0 that while ae the craft Is moling ing forward fast enough to keep balance it I 1 Is moving bac backward kard relatively to the earth the K flivver like its immediate parent the gilder seems see los fated to become a 11 sporting and pie pleasure azure machine commercial vehicle rather than a R practical of general usefulness the der ban ha already become a popular play toy in s itherland Itz erland and in the mountains in germany gliding pastime hut last winter inter was a familiar hillsides were good the snow inow covered places for tak taking ing off OM with skid skids in stead of or heavier wheel wheels on the dia ma chine g and ana the snow m wc covered valley valleys rde d equally uy good landing places affo low cost and alth if possible ibl very cold ld co with IU its range of performance greater than that of the glider drably the flying flavier will will perhaps Ps oon soon become competitor of the successful co me a runabout and the motor automobile mobile auto thing of sport bat its 1 a boat as a exceed exceeds thal tha be b scarcely sm ni fleance gliding feature Is 1 available only cause under the rare aerial con condition lorts and nd anew ew york at th that at to in tev fer tl times |