Show EMIGRATION Distribution ion of Immigrants i F IMMIGRANTS BIC PROBLEM if i F Factors From Foreign l ores res es Must Hust Not Congregate Congre Congre- I gate g te in Cities CliENT WENT OF GRAVE gU DANGER NGER TO SOCI SOCIETY TY I 1 1 I. I Can C an Come C Comeby ome i if 1 by Mingling With American merican People 1 i J. J HASKIN I quite tc generally agreed amon among Ain nod and philanthropists that tat if I II I new W immigration d mm gration which 1 i 1 is 1 E 1 tI our shores af at the rate ot orl alters rs of a I million souls a year t j sing and an economic as- as r ion iO ways way and means must 1 fl rebY it may be bo distributed th Throughout ut the c country for country for only t 1 t can n. n tb the digestive o juices of influence roach reach U tile the e entire D Mil fit it for assimilation into hito i v So long on as it cr crowds i wd felonies J and od holds itself aloof in r pities that never fecI the th tou touch h hr P and ide ideas 9 how ho expect iP c tt t to become like u us and aI f W s tot Jf J nil r f i il l h is 13 what i is happening I of our oar Bus Bus- r. r to bo found in n ci cit cit- f PO population of OO and t half of the Italian taha t t t P the tho Bohemian JJ Austrian t fAI tc t J ch centers of or P JOI pov- pov 1 ther rr hand less ess' ess h Americans ns nii nd in cities au and nud the ti baino Ulle Uller r 8 u n Hui halt hll of the great roat population rf J City i is S of foreign li birth re rejections 8 of or th tho i foreign feigh i t to tt A America 1 fi a u HR us go as aro aro Warsaw Vienna The li of Vi leri cri- t the fori foreign or pol poj la cea the native o la iR ii a largo one e me fifty cities 8 hero the thc them theo Ie m n o 0 of birth represents ini tiro of tho the total and ar arc Bomo somo tw twenty nt where is sl in the majority majori tto the SoU Soft u authority h ri agrees that it h I d' d do- do a secure as s man settlers on onAl IH Al ibl l but thero aro some some 10 o fiot believe in any other ther sort port iou tit t immigrants immigrant nh except ISU iii fit created bv by tho the natural Work T the hc law Jaw J of oC supply and demand round wh which wh ch they predicate K iJ that it will tend lend to ru ru- l hind of living Jivin in i and thy they call the American stand tOne of those who hol holds s this i. i toe b commissioner oner general Jeneral of oi ration bOD Daniel Damel T T. Keefe that man of the arguin In in favor of the of other ber than to them on the there re fallacious He says that or uong struggling glin to solve the Continued on pa page c 2 I I I I DISTRIBUTION OF IMMIGRANTS IS BIG PROS PROBe I ILEM LEM I Continued from page C 1 lern em of putting the alien whore where ho be is needed vary van vary from those moved by purely pure pure- ly Ii 7 business impulses to those which are arc or or pretend d to bo be patriotic or philanthropic philan- philan in their purposes Theran They The ran range ange e ho he a adds ds from combinations t 0 of ticket agents gents money lenders and labor labora a agencies to state nu and municipal organ organ- rations conducted bona fide and front from rom hi high h pure motives Ho IIo further dds adds however that tho the latter often incidentally produce some somo of the same effects as tho the selfish or organizations In commenting upon the tho problem lie says ays if it over ever was feasible to devise dc a complete efficient plan for the gen geu ral eral distribution of aliens it probably is s now too late to stem the tide tido which has las sot ot rd certain lo localities whore where alien nu colonies have been established constituting new naw reasons wh why by aliens are drawn to them even on thou h a certain number of aliens rna may bo tn distributed they will win not remain There they are arc placed unless tho the nr nr- tan ement coincides with their desires and nd unless 8 they are arc ph physically an and mentally adapted to their then now eur- eur as a large argo percentage of thosa who now insist on herding in iu the cities never will Win be and that viewed from rom a national standpoint distribution tion ion tends to increase increase tho difficulties ot of f immigration rather than to reduce them hem H He concludes that distribution nil t tend to increase immigration and that this will in turn tend to drive dam clown own the tho wages of American working workingmen men Opposite Opinion Expressed Thero are aro many students of the problem however howe who take direct is is- sue with Commissioner General Keefe i both as to his minor and major 8 The They point out out- that the s sain same mo fear was expressed sed when his own pie be began an to corn conic come and continued to come como to America but that American wages arc aro higher r and American work working in lag ing men mons s stand standards of living arc are arc better bet better ter than they thoy Wl were re before Likewise they point out that nearly carly 90 00 O per cent of 01 the tho immigration from front many southern south south- cm ern and eastern European countries conies collies to us its from the village e and tho farm farms and that to sa sa they arc not physically or mentally fitted for anything any auy- an thing else than to herd in iii con congested sl communities is b not n a just statement It is further pointed out h by those who oppose the conclusions s of f Mr 1 that n neither congress s n nor r the im immigration mi im I migration commis commission ion has a agreed reed with him but have tal taken en the tho opposite view Con Congress ress created a bureau of oC i information forina- forina tion for tho the purpose of collecting information infer mation concerning opportunities s for foi immigrants and disseminating it jt among t them with a view ion to encouraging in a no beneficial distribution of immigrants rants The main purpose was to operate co-operate with tho the several status states 5 in acquainting immigrants with their advantages cs j I Tho The imD i immigration commission commission likewise concludes that the reason son the imn immigrant rant 1 goes toes to congested cities is because he ho knows knon of no bettor opportunities else where It says nays that a a largo large lar o part of the Immigrants immigrant wore agricultural laborers la Ia- borers at home and their immigration is is to a desire to pr the low economic conditions e which attend atten agri- agri j cl cultural pursuits in tho the countries from fron which they come conic With no knowledge of other conditions it is but natural therefore that they thov should seek seck another an San oth other r line Hue of activity in country Immigrants Have Made Good It is pointed Jointed out that tho thing to do o to is plant UI tile immigrant rant where lie can CUll secure a plot Piot ol UI- ground and 1111 a lout o VII it it there HOt gots on ou most rapidly lr the process of aHon Go to park parle Omaha which h has bus bl bien U improved cd by r tho time U Be- Be 1 Poles l I Lithuanians hat hat was wa a f few w years Drears iJ ago o a i rolling oiling prairie i 13 IS I today todar studded with ii neat moat at well weB J Kept homes schools and ami churches having ing well ivell cultivated va tell gardens anti anil vcrs flowers and u eon conforming forming to the tue bc best t American standards among wU wage e carriers camera Go Jo to the Italian settlements in l count county New J ew York Providence Pro I R. R I I. I and J Rosetta o Pa Ia There tho the immigrants have their gardens garden no matter r what the tho soil is js and sometimes in striking contrast contrast con COD I with adjacent homes of the neighboring neigh borin boring orl cans The Poles on the I abandoned farms of New England tho the thoI Italians o on the swamps swamp j of Ne Nesi NC Jersey I and und the Portuguese so on Cape Cupo Co Cod have havo I shown what they can do under under condi condi- conditions conditions that havo driven o out t older Americans Amer Amer- i leans have shown that they can enn rehabilitate re ro habilitate soil and build up a competence in waste places T Te l lowest t a wages waged paid in America go goto goto goto I to the foreigner Mr amid the hi highest to the native American and yet the investigations of the immigration commission into home ownership in cities 8 reveal re the tho fact that while only 42 per por cent of the native born A Americans of nativo native parentage par par- onta outage outage- e own their homes more than 10 per cent of Oi lb the foreign forcin n born and ail native born of foreign ll parentage l own theirs New Entry Ports Needed A striking illustration of ot the ne d for sonic sort bort of or a ti system of distribution tion of ot immigrants is t to he be had hud III in a a map prepared by Peter nob Roberts rh lie He takes a United States map and draws a 1 line from front Atlantic City to the south southeastern eastern corner of Illinois ho lie draws another line lino from that point to the northwestern corner of Minnesota sota Tho The little litHo slice sHea of If territory insi inside c of this an angle lc bears about the same relation reIn rela Hon tion to th thi whole bolo United States as one slice of pie Ilie to a n. whole pie it pie it represents only ooh a n little more than sixth one of t tb the c country un s 's area arca and aul yet within that comparatively small territory live nearl nearly sixths of all aJI the the new no immigration im hu migration to Ain America rica The work of the tho division of oC information tion of ot the bur bureau burdan au of immigration raHon affords af at- fords fords' an interesting r in indication of what ma may bo be done in ill the direction of die djs immigrants and of the interest interest in in- terest immigrants Immigrants' rants themselves take in inthe inthe the tho work works More fore than thirty thousand applicants received information during the tho year 1911 and it is estimated J by bJ y that these applications represented at least a hundred thousand thou thousand sand immigrants The division directs no skilled craftsmen miners miner or other underground workers It simply gave them information as to places where they ther could settle in villages and towns town where they the could follow other lines or of activity nativity and avail themselves cs of garden arden plats and low house rent The division does not arrange contracts for employment em era- but hut simply limply gets gota a list of reputable ers employers who need help an and furnishes a. a medium through h which the theman theman man n who needs work can an bo he brought into touch with the man who nee needs s help In III n addition inon to thia thie the division ision gathers gath gath- ath ers and disseminates information concerning concerning con con- tho tire resources products and aDd physical characteristics of the various states giving ivin the immigrant the name and aud address of the state official in each state whose duty it is to encourage and aid nid immigration into tho the state Its work vork has been highly indorsed d b by the southern commercial con congress res and by the national board of ot trade which also strongly b indorsed the recommendation of President Taft that immigrant rant stations sta be established l at one no or more additional ad and south Atlantic A ports port with ith a view pw to turning part of ot the incoming incoming in in- coming comin tide away from N New W York Tomorrow IMMIGRATION XI The The Commissions Commission's Investigation Uga Uon |