Show THE BRITISH CRISIS I IVI VI HIS BRITANNIC MAJESTY'S ARMY I L BY FREDERIC J. J HASKIN I THE twenty five nations O OF of DC the world only depend en entirely en en- upon voluntary enlistment to IH supply their armies Th These se e thre are aro th the British empire the Chinese empire and tho the United States of oC America H It has lias been ono one of ot Britain's proudest boasts for Cor two centuries that It always could rely upon a sufficient number of at patriotic patriotic pa pa- volunteers to till Mil Its arm army and that It Il need not en enforce If en- force torce conscription American thought I has hafl followed In tho the British path and the tho entire English y 8 speaking people has c c's s 's been united In considering considering con can compulsory S military service In Incompatible In- In compatible with free freo 4 9 Institutions arm anti democratic govern govern- ment mt With respect to the thc army more moro than thanIn In any other way the r republican e p pub u b 11 can canH America and the H- H Britain always alwag have lla been more democratic than Chan any other nations Monarchial Germany republican Franco France and patriotic Japan are arc most strict amon among tho sixteen nations nations na na- na com compel l every v ry able bodied man manto manto manto to serve a R. certain time In the army Decadent Decadent De Do- cadent Spain and Portugal no others othor depend entirely upon forced con conscription In which men drawn by lot Jot are aro compelled to serve with the colors color Now comes a strong party in England demanding that Great Britain turn Its back on the democratic past and institute a a. system stem of universal compulsory army service The Tho Chinese government Is making mak mak- hug ing plans looking In the same direction The Tho United States Is to be left tho the solo exponent of or the volunteer system The reason for tor the change of ot attitude on the tho p part rt of or many Englishmen is the menace of at the tho rising German power Tho The fear ear of Germany J is the mainspring of ot much revolutionary thought In this coun coun- try Until now no there has hos been no reason why Great Britain should demand military military mili mili- tary service of all aU its young men Voluntary Voluntary Voluntary Vol Vol- enlistments kept up tip tho the necessary force and England although governing the greatest empire ever subject to one crown ha has never needed a a. great army In the eighteenth century when England England Eng Eng- land laid tho the foundations of tho the present empire In tho seven en years cars war with France Franco the British depended upon others to do their fighting The Germans did It for or them In ha Europe and were well re rewarded rewarded rewarded re- re warded with substantial subsidies Tho The American colonists aided them in America Ameri Amen ca and added Canada to the British do do- minions In tho the last quarter of ot that century En England land was unable to defeat her rebel colonists in America although h she hired German soldiers to fight for Cor or her Then the thirteen colonies were lost host and England learned a lesson and ever er since Inco has haR so 80 governed her possessions that force has seldom been required to back backup backup backup up diplomacy At the dawn wn of the Ute nineteenth century Napoleon threatened the British supremacy C cy Cr but England did comparatively comparative little O fighting on land Jand Subsidies were paid to the tho German armies and the tho brain of or a Pitt battled for Britain In lieu of legions Wellington ton conducted the tho Peninsular campaign and was captained on the glorious glorious glori glori- lorl- lorl ous field of or Waterloo l but it was waa Nelson and the nn navy not the great duke that saved England German soldiers were fighting for British supremacy then With the tho downfall of Napoleon and the dawn of ot the modern ago of ot machinery Great Britain at once began to realize the fruits of oC its supremacy ann Its splendid Isolation Continental Europe Europe Eu Eu- rope ropo indulged In a long Jong series of bloody wars Germany was on only 1 a name for Cor or a a. score of oC quarreling states the French Imperial instinct died on St. St Helena While these other nations were at war ar En England land was waxing rich In commerce Only tho the Crimean war in which England did not fight alone and the Indian mutiny mutiny mu mu- tiny seriously interrupted eight decades of or profound peace peace- Then came camo the Doer Boer war For the first time In Its modern modem hI history tor Great Britain faced aced an embattled nation alone There Thero were no Prussian allies aHles no Hessian mer mer- The Boer Boor republics were small amaH and poverty stricken and England hag Imag med ined that the war would be brief and in In in- expensive o The navy could do nothing for or this was a land fight a campaign campal n In which tho the British h were on th the offensive The magnificent patriotism of the British people at al homo home and In the tho colonies responded re- re to the unexpected call and thousands thousands thousands thou thou- sands upon thousands of or volunteers donned the kings king's coat and went to the South African war But It cost coat many lives Hns and more than a billion and a halt half dollars of treasure The Inefficiency of or th the British regular army was proved In ip the tho Boor Boer wa war var Ever since that time tho the Imperialistic party part In Great Grent Britain has been demanding a a. greater army During the past year un under un- un der tho the influence of oC the German scare this demand has swelled Into a grea great chorus which threatens to drown out al alother alt all other questions except those concerned with the naThe na navy The territorial forces an organized militia of a nominal strength of oC and having effective m men n is tho concrete result of oC this agitation But Jut th the voluntary principle has hns been ed Intact The Tho ar ari aN i enlisted only for or homo home defense And may not nol be bo used except in th the British Isles They rhey are In fact a militia organized organized organ organ- for far the purpose of ot repelling tin till In Invader In- In vader ader should tho the navy fall fail to preserve o the Inviolability of or British shores The may be bo compared to tho the militia In those thOM American states 11 whoso whose national guard is Js rated as first class ChiSI They have a certain amount of regular drill work ork some special instruction and must spend several weeks each year ear In maneuvers The Tho are are however however how how- ever er much more closely related to the regular army than the American militia Each Territorial organization Is Js connected connect connect- c ed with some regiment of regulars and the men have the tho benefit of ot instruction from tram re regular ular army arnn officers The boy scouts are arc another result of the German scare They Tey are arc young oung boys hos in school who volunteer to submit to toa toa a a. certain amount of ot military discipline and training They correspond to 10 tho the hl high h school cadet corps of ot American cities clUes except that General Powell Baden has appealed to bo boy nature b by substituting a khaki uniform and a combination combination combination tion of wild west est and South African scout drills for the tho more ore formal and anel ex exacting exacting ex- ex acting dress and duties of or a R. cadet The territorial volunteers the boy scouts the tho girl KM guides and tho lie im imperialist mm- mm agitation lon generally has had tho the effect of awakening a patriotic Interest In tho the army which Britain never ne before has hats possessed Mr Kipling's KiplinG scolding Is no longer needed The English are arc frightened and they aro are enthusiastic about their army In spite of ot popular ex excitement ex- ex however the called so-called blue bluewater bluewater water school maintains the ascendancy and Britain relies relics upon HH lis navy to save It t from ron invasion This Implicit trust trustIn In n the navy Is probably tho the only reason why compulsory military ry service has not noL been adopt adopted d. d If It tho the con conservative party parly should again como come Into Inlo power po It is Js probable able ablo that some system of ot universal servIce service Ice co will bo be In Instituted The Tho British army is quite small Its regular force torce at homo home and abroad ex exclusive ex- ex elusive of ot India amounting only to men or about twice as man many as the tho American standing Arm army At least leant 70 of ot these men are required for tor Karrison Karri- Karri arnison arni- arni son san duty abroad Tho The regular establishment establishment establish establish- ment in India comprises about 7 white men u The native army Is more than strong Including Including- the thc colonial colonial colo cob nial militias the army reserves the tei- tei and all 1 other forces Corces composed of or white men the total strength of the British h arm army Is men Making similar Inclusions Ine Germany German has more than four million soldiers and has practically all of ot them at home Th The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland ever eor since ce the Boer Beer war ar ha has spent from to a a. year on Its arm army practically the same famo as Is I spent by tho the United States But India also sp spends a year on ute tIle army and other parts of ot tho the empire em cm- pine pire spend If It tho the entire BritIsh British Brit Brit- ish lab army of ot men British and na native na- na live tive Indian be considered the annual cost Is or more than a a. hundred millions a year more than Germany spends to maintain its Immense military establishment Compulsory universal service and small email pay pey to tho the officers and men enables Germany to maintain Its vastly superior ann army at only onh two thirds of ot the tho cost of tho the Inferior Interior British arm army If Great Britain Brit Brit- ala ain must fight Germany for Its It life and empire It behooves 8 the tho British to bo more economical This ThIs argument Is tho the greatest weapon In the hands of ot tho the Imperialistic Im im- im military ry party In Its attack upon tho the time honored British notion of ot ofa ofa a e. volunteer army |