Show THE AMERICAN HOG HOGL L BY FREDERIC J. J I HE present reign of oC high prices I In Inthe T TilE THE tho the hog raising Industry In th the United States Is without precedent In the history of pork In times o or of peace and plenty pl Tho The average price o of hns hogs during tho the d decade catIe of or 1900 was wa higher by at ot least 20 O per cent than durIng dur dur- Ing lag an any other recent de And nd yet yeto et e etho tho figure for tO It 1 havo o cone gon far tar above I tho average e for tho the decade Tho fact fac 2 that the population 1 has Increased moro more s v. rapidly than has haq th the number of hogs I is IH largely responsible S for fOJ or this although th the tho p prevalence of tuber tuber- cholera among amon- ho hogs s Is be bet bo- bo t to havo O ha had Homo something thing to do with wit 4 it It It Is IA said that tha 2 per per percent cent of ot all an th the hogs slaughtered a athe at atthe j. j the abattoirs of or th the coun country try are arc afflicted with Ith tuberculosis F re reCi er r I c Hule as In and that tenth one 0 ot of theo theM arO r so o badly diseased that the they have s no value except for tho the making o of fertilizer or grease This disease sometimes e attacks th the finest herds herd II and It Is no uncommon ex ox- for the best lots of or hogs hog appearing appearing ap ap- ap- ap In the tiie market on a a. given day tobe to 10 tobe be tho the on ones s afflicted with tuberculosis Tho The disease sO Is less apparent In tho the stoc stock on the roof root among hogs than among amonI an another army anY other domestic o animals The Tho department of agriculture Is striving to locate th the Infected swine throughout the country It finds however th that t It Il Is not eu easy t to trace tho the hogs hoss back to th their lr home farms fann Its agents agent have havo hit hll upon tho the plan o or of tagging ta all hogs as the they arrive at a shipping point and keeping a record ream which will show what hat grower delivered them there In this tills way ay th they Y hope t to tobe tobe be bo able ablo to locate the Infected herds an and with the tho aid of tho the state authorities t to establish such a quarantine as will tUU enable en en- n- n ablo able them to eradicate a large pcr percent ago agn of oC the disease One Ona of the principal ways wa-s of or spreadIng tuberculosis among herds le is the tho returnIng returnIng returning return return- Ing of oC skimmed milk t to the tho farm from Ono One tubercular tubercular tuber tuber- cular cow ma may ll spread the Int Infection to a whole neighborhood The susceptibility of ot ho hogs to Infection In this way Is illustrated thus illus by the fact tact that In on one instance 83 per cent of or a herd hord of ot healthy hogs contracted tuberculosis after atter being f x only three days dna on milk from tubercular cows cons Among the domestic Q fh the hI world tho the hog ho- ranks third In number there being hogs Sheep have hav havethe tho the first place with anc and cattle second place with There I Ione Is Isono isone one ono sheep In the world for every evory e persons one ono bovine OO for tor eYe every four am amone and andOne andone one hog haS for every e eleven cloven The Tho United States I leads ads all an tho the countries of ot th the world orld In hog production with swine on farms while Europe has hu more than any other continent there thero IMS being be- be Ing on that continent as compared com corn pared pred with In North America Among the states of or the tho union Iowa low holds the palm for hog production being accredited with a stock of ot 6 s swine s lne Illinois Texas and Nebraska fol follow folloW follow fol- fol low In order each of ot these states havIng more than hogs hoRs It I is 19 said that nowhere else In th the United States ar are the hogs so 80 healthy health MIn as M asIn asin In Texas and Oklahoma this being du duto due to the fact that the they are arp raised larS largely on ranges rangeR and conic como In Jn contact with few of the th diseases that are aro peculiar to th the tho ho in the thc eastern states The department depart depart- ment of oC n agriculture believes that tha it I is 18 Incumbent nt upon the ho hog raisers of ot th the tho country to Improve their stock assertIng asserting assert assert- Ing that pork will feel the first pinch o or of und under r production in the United St States tes The ThEl ThEler average er ge value per pr head of the hosIn hogs hog In the United States even e under the tho high prices prevailing pro at the tho beginning of th the year nr was wa only It Is 18 believed to bo be possible to produce a standard hog wita with wit witha a value of or at least 16 15 To do this I It will b be necessary to Improve the stock of ot more than half halt the hogs of ot tile tho United States and to adopt more modern modem moth meth ode of feeding and nud fattening Moro More pork is produced In the United States than any other kind of ot meat While the w weight of cattle which wen went to tho slaughter houses of the country in a year ear at the time of ot the recent census Inquiry on tho the subject exceeds exceeded Nt the tho weight cl ht of oC the ho hogs s by nearly 2000 pounds yet et th the weight of th the tho pork resulting from the slaughtering operations op op- orations the weight of or th the dressed beef by tull fully a billion pounds Time The hogs hOKS at the packing houses weighed 6 pounds while the d dressed s ed meat amounted to nearly pounds Not only In the amount of m meat a produced does the hog outrank every oth other r animal in tho the United States but bu also alo In th the tho value thereof The pork port products of ot the slaughter houses of ot tho the count country were found to be worth 32 as compared with fo for or beef and for mutton It Is II estimated by bv an Iowa banker bankc th that thit t 75 is per cent of the mone money on deposIt In his bank hank Is derived from the sales o ot of hogs Taking the neighborhood butchering butchering butchering butch butch- ering Into account the bureau of animal industry estimates that hogs am are slaughtered fI e every year lar as compared with cattle and sheep If It wo wo we except su suh h products by-products as su the hair and other othor offal orral It may be said Mid that tha the ho hog ho- hoIs Is the only domestic animal raised 1 In the United States exclusively for tor its meat moat England annually Imports Import tons lons of bacon valued at ot Its highest high high- est eMt priced pork comes from Denmark with Ireland C Canada nadA and the United States StateR next In order as to the tho value per cr pound of tho the pork products taken Into nto England Denmark while only third one the size of the state tatA of ot New Now York annually produces S worth of ot pork products Th Th Tb Dane Danca have co cooperative co- co operative creameries and operative co slaughter houses which h keep all the profits profit of ot tho the business In the tho hands ol or of orthe tim the farmers farmer The rhe process pross of ot f slaughtering s hog In Ina ina a n. big packing house Is If very ry interesting A cha chain n Is first loop looped tf around one of the hind le leg legs Io of or tho the ho hoE hoc and the other end ch attached d to a hook on a a. big his re revolving ro- ro ol ln drum drun Th The squealing porker IR is carried up Into th the air and the tho end of the he chain attached to the drum t I Is trans trans- erred to a long track which transports the tho hog hoS' past the sticker who may plunge e his lila knife Into the throats of ot otman man many thousand hogs s In a single day From rom this point the tho blee bleeding ln- ln pork porker porkers r la is s carried to the tho scraping machines and almost i in J less hess time than it takes to tell It h has H gone through au all the proe pro- pro e Me which tran transform form It a II live hog hOK into dressed pork Do Dozens Doens of ot men take taka part parl In the slaughter ll of each hog each aeh man having hl his own special wo work k to do which may bo bu nothing more than wielding a single stroke with a knife I The hog nan has had a n. peculiar history Despised by byr tho ho Brahmins and tho the ancient ancient an an- dent Egyptians pronounced unclean by byth bythe bythe th the Mohammedan lan and nd the toe Jews In Europe Europe Eu Eu- rope ropo hunting the wild hog for gent gene v was waif regarded as the most moat thrillIng thrillIng thrilling thrill- thrill Ing sport In which kings and princes could engage Yet under tho the d development develop ment which was wrought by tho the breeders breed breed- ers Ta of the pest past he hn has come down to the Am American farmer a ag one of or his greatest assets a n mortgage lifter Jitter and anda a debt payer Zoologically speaking the tho hog is ian a 0 cousin of ot the elephant th the long nose of or the wild boar corresponding to the tho trunk of ot that animal The hogs brought ht to America came ame from Spain arriving in Cuba on tho vessels Is which brought Columbus on on his sC second on visit to the new world in 1493 It Is thought that the next Importation Importation Im Im- Im- Im were which r reached ached Florida In 1638 1538 Canada rec received h-ed h Its I first swine from England In 1533 The early domestic c hog In Europe was wan the result of ot the tho crossing of ot the wild hog hoc of ot that continent with domesticated animals aid ani mals mais from China It was WR found that their progeny took too all of the hardiness of the wild boar nd and all aU of ot the tho early maturing qualities of at the domesticated Animals ot The hog affords the best Instance among all domesticated species spede unless it be bo the dog doC of or the working of ot the law of natural selection and environment It Itis is 11 a far tar cry from the wild ho hogs of Europe Europe Europe Eu Eu- rope to the modern Poland China but it has hns all aU been brought about by a a. Ju Ju application of ot tho laws of ot se selection so- so lection and environment In few kinds of stock are aTe there more different breeds England has produced a great many varieties but probably tho the most breeds are those thoRe which have havo been established In the United States State State No oth other r domesticated animal is I. as prolific as the hog It has been botn calculated that at 11 II years of age one ono brood sow may rosy he hc th the tho ancestor of more than pigs piSS It is this quality which makes the hog one Of the tho most mOAt profitable profitable profit profit- able J of pf all the animals on the tho farm ItI It ItIs I Is said ald mo moreover o er that hogs yield greater returns for the food tood they eat than any other members of ot the domestic species outside of or the tho feathery kingdom The pig pIS' has haR long been regarded z as th the hO least Intelligent ent among the domestic domes domes- tic animals Yet it Is assorted asserted by men who ha have made a careful study of ot their m mental activities that this seeming den denseness dense dense- so- so ness ne-es is h the result of or environment en and nd not a a. natural trait Trainers assert that pigs have bave qualities which more nearly approximate some of tho the best beat traits Inhuman inhuman in inhuman human nature than those of oC an any other animal For instance It is asserted that the they show keener anguish over the Buttering But suf suffering suf- suf fering of their own kind than any other domestic creatures creature They have the In Instinct Instinct instinct In- In of fighting together and will form themselves C a Into a A. circle for defense a formation better than which man himself himself him him- self elt has haG nothing to lo offer One may see this Instinct of ot the wild hog manifested when a dog S goes s Into the hog lot lol and disturbs tho peace of Its denizens |