Show I POLITICS IN CANADA 0 0 0 y I. I OUR I.-OUR OUR NORTHERN NEIGHBORS 0 By F Frederic J J. Haskin account of ot the reciprocity tariff ON agreement now fI pending n In Jn congress O the American p people ople are arc more Interested In Interested In In- In tho the dominion of t Canada than they have o been for or genera genera- Whether or not President raft and nd Premier r Laurier succeed In their efforts to make a breach In tho the tariff barrier that p fI separates tho the two to countries their action In negotiating x this agreement agree I m ment nt certainly will result In the t two ta o nations na- na tlona get getting better r 1 acquainted than tho they J ever er have c b ben en Tho Canadians 1 kno know us better than Wo we know them but butth 4 th there re Is 18 an astonishing astonishing astonish astonish- ing lack of knowledge knowl knowl- 0 1 edge of ot each others other's affairs on both sides of af the tho line Amen Ameri Americans 0 cans can as all a rule care 0 fir very little for or torel foreign n 4 0 politics and th they y are rate rarely I curious ls to know knor what t Is going 0 on In oth other r countries coun tries tes even n If It there 1 Is II only tho the of an Imaginary line and nd a string of o custom houses housse Of course tho ha along lon the border have mutual Intercourse that Impels Impel them toIl to gt Il acquainted but by far tAr tho the greater number r of or Am Americans know little or nothing About th their lr north northern rn neighbors The Canadians on tho the other hand dis dl display display dis- dis play a hearty interest In American af at affairs at- at fairs hut but the they have havo been r repelled OlIed b by tho the cold Indifference of the Yankees T Th Tm h twentieth century Is fill Canadas Canada's sa say the tM Canadians They believe beHove and with some sho show of ot reason that th the great grat ral development that took pl place ce In tho the United United Unit Unit- ed Id States In the fhe latter r halt half of tho the nineteenth nineteenth nine nine- nineteenth century will bo ho repented repeated In their own an country In the Immediate to future The They are prosperous th they are growing growing grow In ing th they y are aro progressive sl 11 In thou thought ht and energetic In action The They are arc de developing do- do eloping a distinct national feeling and proudly refer to Canada as ns a a. nation They rho fht are aro not on the whole satisfied with th their lr estate as a dependency upon the British crown hut but with practical unAnimity unanimity unanimity una unA- th they prefer preter that relation to possible pos poe sible absorption Into the United States SLate They are anything but hut English are English are most mast Canadians Canadians but but the they have o seized with a n. firm tim grip upon that most admirable admira admira- blo ble of af English political al traits the disposition dispo dispo- to pay more att attention to substance than to form torm Nominally Canada Is la an of the British empire Certainly It would tI tight fight ht for or the tho Integrity of ot tho the empire But actual actually In the ordinary ordinary orill- orill nar nary course coure of ot affairs Canada Is as In Independent independent In in- dependent and free as an any nation on the face of ot the earth Curiously enough h th they think Americans Americans Ameri Amerl- cans have only the form torm and not the tho substance of ot political r freedom dom But that nation mA may be bp tho tim product of oC Ignorance Ignorance ignorance Igno Igno- rance on tho the Canadian side of ot tho the truth concerning their nel neighbors of tho the south Canada Is bigger et than the United rt States That Is to say flay tho the dominion of ar Canada exclusive e of ot Hudson Hurson bK bay the gulf Fult o of St. St Lawrence and all aU tidal wat waters rs has a a. total area of ot 37 square miles while continental United States Including including ing Alaska ha has ha only square miles a balance In favor Of ot Our Lad Lady of th tho Snows of oC square miles mlle But over o square quare m l miles mile of tho Canadian Canadian Cana Cana- dian dlan area Is In thA the frozen and undeveloped undeveloped north much of oC It Il above nho tho the arctic circle About half halt a million square miles of ot the tho American area In Alaska Is of ot the same san character However It would be foolhardy rd to sa say what hat proportion of ot this Icy waste I Is I hopeless s of ot d development Millions o Of acres of superb wheat wheal fields neld have been carved Carve out ost of ot that northern waste Inthe inthe In the tho past few fe years and millions moro more wait to be le claimed by the tho husbandman Perhaps It Is a fair guess to sa 80 say that th Canada has resources of unde undeveloped eloped virgin land about equal to that of ot the United States teR In 1890 There aro are not nearly bearly a as man many people peOrl In Canada ao aa as there are ar In tho time United States Acc According to th the estimates of the Canadian census censul of ot 1911 tim tho population tim tion of oC tho dominion Is The Tho population of continental United States StateR Including Alaska In 1910 was WAIl 30 Two of the states s of nf tho ti-mo American union New York and Pennsylvania each has hall moro more population all aU Canada During tho the last the tho percentage of ot Increase in Canada W was I 37 1 as R against for tor the entire United States for tor Pennsylvania and for tor New Ne York state So after arter all Canada CanarIa Is not doing so IO badly In tho the matter of ot Increase Much of ot the Increase lo l on tho the Canadian side cornea comes from Immigration from tho the United States StaLe For a 1 century and a R quarter the American republic was wan aR the tIme great haven of refuge and land of promise prom prom- iso ise for the man about to move mO from one on country to another It still till Is II receiving the greatest tide of ot immigration known knon In the tho history of ot mankind But the tho great groat change came wh when n. n a halt half dozen years ago 0 Americans born and bred decided to emigrate The They went ent to Canada at l first b by tho the hundreds hundred then by tho the thousands thousands thou thou- sands ands and no now the they the theAre arc Are crossing the tho border Into western Canada tanada by the tho hundreds hundreds hun bun of ot thousands each year Since 1902 moro more than half halt a a. million American citizens lnA have emigrated t d Into Canada Two thirds of ot them have havo forsworn forsworn for tor for sworn worn their allegiance to the stars and stripes A and arc are now British subjects Subjects of ot an English king an English George But stranger r n er yet Pt th tIme they like It And A nd a newly fledged British subject erstwhile a sovereign citizen of Illinois no now hOW a voter In Canada Is moro more likely to o otell tell you ou that thatto Jie he is unalterably opposed d to annexation to the United States How lIow does dof that state of facts agree with your our old July of tins home of brave tha bra hA-bra brave e Uncle Sit m orations Ions It Is often remarked that Englishmen Englishman In iii the tIme United States StateR maintain their allegiance al al- to the king and their names on Ott the time hooks books of ot the British consulate for tor de decades and decades decad e. e whIle Irish and Scotch and Cana Canadians lon become naturalIzed naturalized naturalized natural natural- citizens at once on their arrival In America It used to be hard to un nfl un- Ve We 0 Americans didn't see ee why the tile Englishman should carr carry his absurd patriotism so 80 far tar And the En Englishman In his stolid way had nothing but bUl contempt contempt con con- tempt empt for tor the time Scot and tho the others who whoso so quickly changed tho the kings king's 8 protection for tho the privilege of voting in elections In Ina Ina ina a place where the vote might not be bo counted after all We Ve used to think the Englishman l stupid but but now now how how does doe It feel teel to see seo a hundred thousand native native- born Americana Americans becoming subjects of ot George V V. each year Tho Time shoo shoe Is on the other toot foot and we are becoming In Ina Inn ina a n small wa way an emigrating people ople On the tho other hand tho the United d States now noVo receives from Canada an annual Immigration o of ot about For lor nearly a 1 hundred years Canada sent cent us ory every a at number of ot her hI men n year far J great groat young who hl sought tho wider opportunities of offered or- or toned fred by tho the rapidly developing republic These young oun men are arc still coming hut hilt not In such number A great teal nurn number cr crot of ot the tIme Canadians Canadian now coming lo to time the United States State arc aro mill operatives and Anti other laborers Tuo rho Americans going In Into Into into In- In to Canada ever ho mire arc nearly all farmers farm armer arm arm- er ers who are aro attracted b by tho the cheap virgin virgin vir vir- vir gin In land of ot the northwest t. t It Is hI said on good authority that the tho American Immigrants to Canada last year car took with them an on average of 1000 1100 each a each a total of ot Even Eyen If It this Is Iff cut In half halt for tor th the sake of cont conservatism the American Im Immigrants ha- ha In migrants migrant numbering last year ear took Into Info Canada white while only onh was 4 brought Info Into tho the United States State in 1910 by moro morn than a A. million Immigrants received from front all nil countries Our emigrants take from us at al IC least bOO each ach our immigrants brine hrin t lo to us mis usan an AY average rage of or 20 each CertainTy Certainly Canada Canada Can Can- ada ha has the advantage e h he her tf e. e Of Ot course this trem tremendous tide of ot American blood will make western Canada Can Can- aria ada American In Jt Its social tic tics Some Home men mon on this side of tho the linn line hll have professed astonishment that Canada Canada Can Can- ada would continue continua to encourage O the American settlers settler In view of ot this certain result The answer nAw r is 18 to b to he found In tho time fact that Canada Is already American Anion Ameri can In social characteristics n I the French province pro 0 of ot Quebec la is morn moro American Amer Arner- lean ican than It ILIA IB is either French h or English There Thero A are arc ra local R I differences of ot cou course South Carolina and nn Ontario Louisiana and Qu b Quebec c. c Maine and Nova Nfl Nebraska Ne No- braska and Manitoba Oregon and British Columbia they Columbia they nr are all Full different hut hilt tho they are arc not different In the iho tu sense nM that N New w York differs from York or New C Orleans from Orleans Canada Is n new ne world Orld In spirit a as well 11 as In geography Time The Canadians are entitled to recover damages from u u tie because wo we have 1111 preempted pre pre- empted the tho adjective American The Time Canadians arc aro just like 0 Ih the tho l peo- peo plo pl south Muth of their thel r bonier lIne lino in the tho es essential cc- cc nUal democracy of their social ocl l ture Thc They still U use P two IRn languages ua e hut but then tho the French never did tor forget ct their mother tongue easily there easily th there rc la is Now New Orleans Or Or- leans Ians as our object leOf lesson on Tho They Thoy differ In religion as we wo mm do hut they ar ore are much mIh more puritanical than any Europeans Just as 8 wo we c ar are aro l Tim The Canadians do tin bUln business I In the tho American not tho the British fashion Th The ride In railroad trains hiko ours use mice th tho telephone as Hi we wo do are aro f tremendously h hall all alive to the Iho Importance of doln doing something some some- om thing timing to boost hoost their country ln in In short tho the whole hOlo spirit of ot tho country countr Is the tho same lame as oUr ours and utterly different from that of ot England TIme The Thoy sometimes affect to be bo more honest than wo we are hut but there are aro graft scandals trust wars rR rail rall- road oad oad rate disputes jI and labor troubles o over or r the tI-me lIne lino In the dominion as well as In the republic Somo Some of or these trouble come somo things 9 the they appear to in handle to better advantage than wo we 0 do 10 hut that ml may be bo duo rlue In part to the tho fact that the thc Canadian population Ie Is ie smaller m and th the thA percentage of ot successes ma may seem lo to h ht ho greater than It really Is Without saying paying which Is IF b better for or orach each ach line has manifest advantages ov over r th the theother other It remains n a tact fact that In the form of at government o arid and In All nil sorts of ot political po po- po- po activities the United d States Stales and Canada Cano arc are entirely different nt Now 1 that American r relations I with Canada Canad have hAO be become lie lie- come cnn a question lon of major Importance In our domestic politics ever every American citizen ought to know something about how tho the government po across tho the border bordor Is Ig conducted Tomorrow Tomorrow POLITICS POLITICS IN CANADA The Tho Tho Statesmen of Canada |