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Show STEAM RISE IS VOLCMSE .Navy Aatronomer . Explain Ex-plain Eruptiona SAN FRAXCISCa Cel.. July - Volcnnlo - eruption are due to' team accumulating In th layer or molten rock beneath the eruat of tha earth, usually by leakage ot tha ooean, according to Captain T. J. J. See. U. H. N. government aatronoe mer at Mara Inland nary yard, near here, la commenting upoa tha reuse for the recent volcanic activity activ-ity of Mt. Ktna and ML Veauvlue In Italy. Captaia See's latemenl follows: ' "That ths cause of volranle activity ac-tivity la ateam arcaraulatuig In molten reck under the cruet of th earth, from aea leakage, la proved by the feet that parte In 10u4 of ail vnpor Issuing from voloanoe la ateam; aad by the observed geographical geo-graphical fast that ail aottve vol-caooea vol-caooea are within about lo mile of the aea shore. Ia the Interior of every continent tha volcanoes which were en re active are now quit extinct. ex-tinct. Thus ArlBona haa a number of extinct voloanoe. but none ot them will ever become active, owing ow-ing to th dry nee pf the regloa and It distance from the eea, "kit. Etna waa formed originally original-ly in tha see, by a email uplift; la tha couree pf million of yeare tb mountain haa been lifted ta a height ot 10. to feet. Many cltlee elueter about Ita base and are endangered 4tr tbe lava flow. When ifim erupts,, erup-ts,, ha taken plae a. period of ceJm will eosu. In th case of both Veauvlu and Etna tha period I about twenty years) both are very pear tb aea. Although th leakage of the ocean goea on slowly, so much ateam finally aecumulatea that relief becomes necessary. "When Voeuvlua first broke forth violently In the roar 7 A. tK.- as described by PUt.y. th volcano had been extinct for eome five centuries , and tha armies ot lbs rebel par- tacue had camped in tha orator. But In II a. D. severe earthquake disturbances dis-turbances began, until In the year Tt tbey finally opened up the throat of the volcano, and a vast eruption followed, burying Hercu-laneum Hercu-laneum and Pompeii in ashes, de-brie de-brie and lava. "Home of tbe ancient philosopher believed the aea to be the cause ot thee outbreak, but the proof haa aot beouote oomplete until tb laat twenty Years, largely by my wwn reaearobaa en earthquakes and mountain formation after tha California Cali-fornia earthquake la 104. Thua Trogu Pomjeiua In the time ef the iCmperor Augustus oaya: 'For many hundred year tna and tka Eollan ialanda bsve beea burning, and how could thl have continued so long If ths fir had not been fed by the neighboring sear Trogu ftlludad to the volcano trotnboll, which had been In Incessant activity activ-ity since the daya of Homer, .seod years ago, and la often celled (be lighthouse ef the Mediterranean-' "It la now demonatrated that aU mountain and voice noe, are uplifted up-lifted by the power of steam which causes a swelling of th lava la which. the steam accumulates, hut It la only occasionally that the earth's eruat ia ae rent by the. under lying lava that a vent opens to form an active volcano. Tbe affllctione of Italy have gone en for more than 10M years, and they cannot be abated,- except by human fortttnde and adaptation to the lawa underlying under-lying the operation of nature. "Th final proof of the origin of mountains wee discovered after tbe great earthquake la 104. by the careful etudy ef the Ande of Bowtb. America. Th chain, the largest in th world, la parallel to the aeacoaat for more than 4eo miles. It I In fart a great wall which the mighty Pacific ocean haa erected along it, own border, by tbe xpulion of lava from beneath be-neath th bed ot th eea. The P rose ro-se Is fully verified by the researches re-searches en the contours ef tha see bottom around tha Aleutian Islands Is-lands In Alaska, which are In tact a raeurraia caala Juat rising. above the aae." |