| Show i r o f it CONCERNING OANAIGRE = T r t > t production and l opntlltionl Vioww At tirla f f 0011010l1 0 = = JI 1 fc I titltotcjExtraction ToonmChinttofltirrrejitor farmers 1 j Itwrtllf Localtd t I la N I In nnttieolhreBleli 111 tI I I Considerable attention Is being paid fit I III ii I u by Ihe press to canalgro as a plant the id F Cultivation of which mar become profit Ill able In Ihls State and It seems probable r i I that It may become one of Ihe valuable 41 I minor Industries The facts however h do not justify such statements as the f allowing which are taken almost at 1 I random from the country exchanges I one diyi The wild plant produces ten to twenty tons per acre which can be In i 1 creased by cultivation lo twenty to sixty 1 4 tons The fact Is that Its yield In the t1 w lid stale Is t unknown and It has not r I let 1 been cultivated on a commercial diE icale but the root Is smaller than the f sugar beet and the yield will be less r1 probably In uoodfresh soil ten or twelve i m tons per acre I lit The market lor Ihe root Is practical i i ly unlimited As a miller or bet It A d has no market lo speak ol is not quoted I e In any price current and has yet tu fight ti ill way into use In the lace of other 1 ij annlng material now holding the trade t Nor Is there any prActicAlly unlimited II gi i I market lor any agricultural product Millions of acres will soon be dew id to canalgre The annual product of I even IOOJO acres would be 10000000 ions which would make ocr 900000 Ions or 77000 carloads of Ihe dried extract ex-tract a quantity which could not eves Oi u be given away I Any farmer can raise It and be Independent gil Inde-pendent of any nearby factory Tins t entirely untrue as will be shown later i w The loot mull l > o cultivated like sugar beets in connection with a factory iI False or foolish statements like the foregoing can only Irlure any proposed 91 Industry The culture ol Canalgre may prove profitable to Ihoie favorably slluat id and the matter U I ol sulhcieiil Interest 1 t e In-terest to Justify the publication of Ihe Let There are three points lo be con ildetedcoit market and competilon This article will be devoted coil and I s the facts upon which It Is based have et been obtained Iron Iroleisor F I W Ililgard of the University of California ind Ur Julius Kuthig consulting chem lit uf ban rrancikcu I who was among Clll ni the first to call attention In the value ol + t the plant and u bo has followed with t Interest the efforts top utihie it Dr a te a Koibig I her revised this article Canaicrt is a wintergrowing dock t MUeruUS I I to and America I lie other I I docks It ii a vigorous fighter ror food uhlch It l rapidly exhausts and Its continued i con-tinued cultivation would involve I I early Icrlilltallon uhtch however Its own refuse re-fuse would largely supply Its winter ill growing habit shows Its preference for n rr ill 7n moderate 4r cool climate I with moue te moliture tIt and renders IU success In the hot sum mil growing time of our Ka < tcrn Slates I rery doubtful It Is however being tried < there and we shall iota know II I thrives at Berkeley I and an analtsisof the root grown there shows n higher hi idi percentage of tannin than that produced In Atlioua Irofessor Ililgard can I sccounl for this by the cooler climate I One or two experiments however do rl Outings i anti 11 f not settle such things and further ana lii lists I will be required This is I very 1m I r t portant as within a few years more canalgre will probably produced linn I I can be readily sold ami the price i will I l II be fixed by its coil of production In the It i a districts showing the greatest yield i f 1 The extract when properly prepared I contains if liquid about slutvfivo percent per-cent ol tannic acid and If dried about itventifive per cent and In that form contains no substances deleterious lo 7 the tanning process and mikes excellent t A excel-lent leather Canalgre can be used fur tanning only in the form of an extract 1 because ot the presence of starch in the dried root which makes a paste on the hides anti preents oa tannin from Ii reaching the pores The extract mutt I be moue either al the place of production i i produc-tion or place of consumption I tI There has as yet been no cultivation of the plant on a commercial scale I I The people of Arizona have been dig f V king the wild root slicing drying and U I i making come market flt mottly Ins I t I I t Tiliicow where Ihere are appliances for Mfj i I making the extract r1 here r an extract factory at Demlng which Is lindtng a ir in 1 market fur Its product In Eastern cities with doubtless some expoiti of experimental t i ex-perimental lots Tile oIlicUli ol the ai Southern Tactile company olale tha there has been quite a movement of tin product but no such amount ns the 5 papers report The freight I from Listen I Auisnna I ero et Arizona IsS per ton luCaitern title and fits to Glasgow dr must always bo lower item there than from California The supply of the wild toot within I gathering distance of the railroad Is I be comlnr exhausted and the problem or Its pruhtable production now presents i flselt presumably the green root can be tailed In tut able soils which would bathe ba-the Tight but good land suitable for other root ctojn lor about f 4 per ton Hits Is about the average price of sugar beets and this It l probably what Iufl firmer 1 may expect delivered As the beet raiser li I paid mure or less fur fits beets according to their sugar tot sin s-in this case the grower would bo paid mole or less according lo the tannin contained 11 at the beginning the prlc were high Increases acreage woul rapidly bring It down The cost lath producer would bu similar to the cost ul other root crops and would depend un the character ot the coil and the cost cat delivery to the factory As compare with sugar been the cost might bI lets I as that la I no thinning although the hand jUntln of the unnlgre root would be more expensive than Iho machine ma-chine sowing ol the beets To begin with eunalgre ever should be dried and U never will be tt hen the tuilntst diiumea conimeichl propur liens ht Is true lint wid carniir to roots lave been sliced I dried unit m In I limited quantities but that fraclico will dliappearwhencm In culture Is seri i ouily sniffed upon Nobody wants the 1 1 p 1 1 stud except for experimental r l purposes tellabie since it Ins no tellable pcicentuLo of f I 13hAJ U dried by the producer It would have to bo snaked at tome point of f 1 consumption In order to extract the tar nln the dried article would never stand tic coil ol tiampoiU It 1 1 has been claimed that the dried root Is I worth flu Ice Ion at Glasgow Perhaps It Is Assume It ls way and up pose the height lo be tin same as upon dried fruit which Is In to New fork and probably about f id to Glasgow leaving in to the 1 grower II 1 no middleman Intervened 11el r vened which ile a practically nposilbte I condition II take three Ions of green root to make one or dried 10 that 143 per dry ton at Glaigowwould U per green tun lo the growerbut to slice loo lonsol green root and dry out therefrom slit six Ions ol water and tack the dried product will ceitamly cot more than lo tike j root ico tons ol fresh primes sixty loin of water without liking nnd sack the dried product The litter we know cannot be done for lesilhanfl l per ton so Dial with dried canaile at 54n per ton In Glasgow the California pro 1ucr with no middleman m ghl gel paid 1 f IT his sacks and labor In drying but would get nothing for the roots As the trade evidently would not bear this rate uf trantportatlon doubtless a lower rate would be forthcoming bull divided In hail I the net result would be but about f 4 per green ton to the Kro erlets mid umaiis charges which could not he less I than s per cent and might be more I We now reach a proposition intolvlng a reasonable expectation of fair prollis I lo those favorably situated and perhaps tan t-an Important wurce ul wealth to lh < State but nothing jusliflng extria I ganl prophecies Ihe process I of ex ractlng lute r tannin from I canalgro Is tm j ama > s that ol extracting the sugar ram beets minus the e > i > niKe and delicate I chemical process fur refining I his process t Jsms laralSIclnl I the roots by machinery Second 1iacing them usually by graiiy in wooden Inks called difTiis net batteries through which water Is nsied at a temperature not exceeding I feu degrees Fahrenheit until I the lannl is I extracted while the starch 1 remains Thlydliotllag II the tannin charged I I water I in a copper vacuum pin lo l the consistency ol n syrup containing t l about 6S per cent of hIlc acid with a residue lot Injurious lo the tanning rroceis In this condition transportation ins I In be paid l on only cane Ion of useless matter tar every two tons uf lam in So far asa as-a now know this Is cheaper Ihan to extract the pure tannin but Ihe weight nay be still other decreased by expos lug the thick syrup In a dryer at a mod crate ternpeialure and making Ihe extract solid in which state It wool I contain about 7J per cent tannin and ho trai iporunon ol waste matter would be only about ono Ion in lour Throughout Ihprcce currprtivtly low temperatures must be preserved as heat lends lo decompose the tannin eipeclally when pod lo the air full necessitates Ihe use ol the vacuum pan in which evaporation takes place at low temperature This fail also Indicates I Indi-cates Ihe probability of Ihemost successful success-ful leilli Ihe equable and nut too w el climates 01 our central and southern Coasts The cost of a plant for extracting the tannin liont canalgre is reduced by tIe tact that there Is no special harftit 1 lime eJhlIr tar the root which keens perfectly I In the ground for years and cox be gathered gather-ed at any lime alter fall growth so that the ble1 can co on throughout the year The cost of plant lo take care of Ihe product of say 4000 acres to be run say ass days In alma year at the rite ollw ton of root per day would be about as lions l Sllclnj uilng machine Inlirrv I olj lour rank with pip Jjoo Inj I and fillingl N sSen < Copper vacuum I ian with air pump and ttlng I ao Carrier nil appliances far conveying Need roots la tinki 059 lining and recipient fur Uqulil txlori bulling H so II I Total special l plnt JStco The above are not estimates but merely intelligent I guesses not far enough I out of the I way to r1 any dilFerence I for the purposes ol the arllce To the above must be added a fifty hone puwrt boiler and a twenty hono powee engine l with i the necessary land build i hogs and minor appllancrsand a reasonable reason-able sum fortorking capital making I a total Investment ol from fiocco to fjjooo lo operate the establishment there would be necessary u superintendent 05110 mint be a fair chtmht an MHIncir and a working force sulhcient by the nld 01 machinery In handle and treat irxi tons ol roots per day and pick the tin lihed 1 r product In alt r probably a force ol j filteen to twenty men The larger Ihe establishment t the more economically It could be managed In the absenca ol data wo can compare com-pare the process with Ihe cost of treatIng treat-ing sugar beets which we know In large establishments Is I not lo exceed 1as per ton With tho chemical I pro Cessna necessary to rclming sugar omitted omit-ted and a factory running all Ihe year round the cost of treating l the canalgre I root should not exceed ft per Ion I even in the comparatively small establishment proposed which at fi 1 per ton for the green root mid aterage content of 7 per cent tannin would give a cost ol f as per ton for Ihe dried extract 75 per Cent pure Tn such an estimate as this certainly as percent should be added for contingencies or say In round numbers f ja per Ion at the factory which price will l be assumed as the coil In I discussing the question ol markets and competition horuller |
