Show Jap Railroad Path of Law and Order I Through W War ar Zone in Manchuria By W. W H. H PORTERFIELD N NEA EA Service Writer DAIREN l Railway Zone Were sailing tomorrow for Tien Tsin China on the good ship el Maru A few years ago Dr East ramous famous biologist ot of Harvard wrote a book bool Mankind t. at the Cross Roads in which he asserted that the world Is going to starve to death unless we a adopt opt birth control Maybe so but before we pass out out a few millions millions mil mil- lions ot of the surplus can find very good chow In Manchuria through which we have been traveling the past week In barvest In lU l everywhere every we saw the farmers their great crops of wheat nd millet and milo maize malzo and rice and Indian corn and turnips turnips tur- tur nips and BOY eoy beans LAND OF S STURDY PEOPLE Manchuria occupies the northeast corner of China outside China proper It has an area ot of square miles which means that It ItIs itis Is about the size ot of Ohio Wisconsin Wiscon- Wiscon sin Illinois and Iowa It Is Inhabited by about of the biggest strongest sturdiest diest men and women I ever saw the Manchu Chinese There are only two cities ot of any ny consequence Mukden and Dairen and perhaps Harbin and the first two pro progress ress wholly of the Japanese In- In fluence They are are fighting folk and they governed the Chinese empire for centuries but the Japanese are just three jumps of of the when it comes to politics Now No- out ot of the square miles of Manchuria the Japanese or South Manchurian l railway concession concession con con- cession controls just 1400 square miles mUes or considerably less than one halt of one per cent but this little area no bigger than Rhode Island just naturally leavens the whole lump The railroad zone as I 1 suppose we might call it Includes the very narrow right of way across which one could easily throw a b right of way widens out at each station tilde the head of a very slender gourd and In the cities ot of Mukden Dairen and Port Arthur It becomes a series of not Inconsiderable inconsiderable erable principalities which operate under special laws RAILROAD ZONE The way It happened was as fol follows role lows In 1895 at the close or of the Japan Chinese war much of f this area Including the peninsula of was ceded to Japan eon eon- on- on but by the treaty ot of 98 Russia secured concessions to extend the Siberian railway through Manchuria as well as the lease of the peninsula Then Russia saw a wa way to se- se cure the long age and passionately passionate passionate- ly coveted warm water port St St. Petersburg on the west and Vladivostok on the east freeze up in the winter Not so which ha has a lovely climate So they took the scraggly villages vii vil- lages of mud huts call called d it it Dalny the tar far way away in Russian and ordered a city built by flat fiat of the Czar Nicholas a city laid out The scale ot of its grandeur rivals our our own Washington with a magnificent mag- mag circle and spokes ot of the wheel wIth n numerous parks parka spIel did boulevards beaches driveways drive drive- ways avenues and ordInary streets WAR HALTS RUSSIAN PLANS they began the erection of impressive pUblic buildings re- re ot of cost the development of the harbor the buildIng of rail rail- roads all under a sort of If agreement wit China which should exclude all the rest of the world But just as everything was get i ting under way in fine shape came the war WaI with Japan and when that was over half a million great shaggy shaggy shag shag- gy Russian in soldIers soldIers' uniforms uniforms uni- uni forms lay rotting under the l Man snows Then came the ot of Portsmouth Ports Ports- mouth arranged by President Roosevelt by which the Japanese who had been all but ruined by their awful sacrifices on the hills wi out Port Arthur secured all this territory around Dairen and Port Arthur Arthul and the wonderful railroad concessions referred to Within a year th the field railway department of the Japanese army my formally t transferred the who whole Ie business over to the South Manchurian Manchurian Man Man- railway The railway lIne was rebuilt widened to standard gauge thoroughly equipped and opened to the public Fifteen thousand and Japanese soldiers sol sol- diers patrol the lines the shops and property of the com com- to maintain main main- tam tain order Fewer than halt half that number ar are employed for fOl the service service ser ser- vice Which they perform most e effectively ef- ef how effectively the idl- idl lOwIng illustration will show I About two years ago wh when n Shang- Shang I Tso-Lin Tso boss ot of Manchuria was having the fight of hi life lIte with one of of his lIeutenants Kuo was backed by the Christian General Feng the railroad people became alarmed was going on all allover over Manchuria with a cheerful disregard disregard gard of consequences So the railroad railroad rail rail- road people merely notified l J Chang and Kuo to confine confino tech shooting to areas outside a line six miles on either side ide of the railroad tracks of the company There Well fever ver than Jep- Jep anese soldiers to enforce the order I but never a shot was fired Inside thIs area Kuo was defeated and I Chang remained outside boss the I zone |