| Show mt11 1 UNCLE SAMS INVINCIBLE ARMY k1 Decadent Spain Is Woefully Overmatched In the z Present War II 1 OUR MILITARY ESTABLISHMENT Copyright 1831 chance does Spain stand WHAT lnet the United States In the present war That Is the r all absorllnff topic at the resent time It the opinion of those whose vlens me ratified to respect by reason of trainIng train-Ing and experience be taken as a criterion cri-terion the answer may be given In two wards Absolutely none The history of the Spanish government govern-ment for nearly two centuries has I > none n-one of what might 10 I called disastrous decadence One by one her enormous colonial possessions have boon wept away until nov omitting Cuba which t Int 1 4 II t t I t v J L I li as good as gone practically nothing remains excepting Puerto Itlco and the Philippine Islands and It Is by no means certain that by the time the resent war shall have ended the Spanish flag will not have ceased to wave over those places sole relics as they now are of a past glory Senor lagasln some i time ago when questioned as to the number of men he could put Into the field said that on a i pinch the Spanish government could muster COO 000 able to bear arms It hOI been computed that the United State by a great though by no means ex trnordlnury effort could If It were nc 71 ery oppose these n 1th an army of 10000000 mn r Those who are In a position to know v declare that for nil purposes of warfare A i fare E opo 000 are as good as COO 000 000 That Is I to say no body of troops could be gathered together which could sue r con fully oppose a compact army of E 000 000 properly officered and disciplined a disci-plined Without any desire to appear vainglorious vain-glorious It may therefore be stated that with reference < to any nation In the world Or any possible ofTellllvo alllane of nations the United States Is I Inv net ble provided she be the attacked party If that statement be true It would appear ap-pear that the posMblllty of Spain success suc-cess In the present nor la about oa rev mote as anything could well be In this world W have the men and the money and we nts have the officer who will be recruited for any auxiliary troops which may be needed from the ranks of those Is who served In the Confederate rnd Union armies during the civil war to rig Bliy nothing of the hundred of thousands thou-sands of men who have don their time d f i In the militia organizations of the va e Onus states For example our nation I y guardsmen have had so much general Ja training that even tho irlvatcs nil I it make capable minor officers such os tI sergeants and lieutenant to harped the 1 drill and effectively command Ihe men 1 who may enlist as volunteers There are more general officers In the regular 1 regu-lar army than ore actually needed for the number of mn The first class ot Wet Point has just been groluol ed and from that supply may be drown ollleen to have general supervision super-vision of the volunteer forces That we hall have then a sufficient number of + 1 competent military directors Is assured Sl and there are many more among the surviving SOOOOO members of the G A It who would again bring their expert t 1 ence Into the ranks while a host ot Confederate veterans are anxious to r bear arms under the folds of Old Glory The organization of the nrmv Is little understood by the average Individual t j To the layman a company and a dlvl I Ion represent vaguely about the same hit thing when In reality they are as far I lJt r y apart ns the polo a A regiment Infantry Is I properly 10 companies of 100 men each or 1000 sol 5 dlers Including the officers 101 men le Hut while this U I the strict Intent of a full complement It Is I seldom realized i 1 and 0 regiment from various causes Is I likely to number anywhere from 700 to 1100 men In time of war Its ranKs are y is r naturally depleted and sometime L I when It Impossible to keep up the de sired quota by repeated enlistment i two wakened bodies are consolidated and the combination Is I known by the nome ot one of the former argonlzo flans or It may be given an entirely new designation Tho regular United States army today consists of 10 regiments of cavalry 7 regiments of artillery and 2j regIments Imenls of Infnntrythnt Is I complete a body l of 42000 men But as there are only about 27000 soldiers some of the regiment are really nothing more than battalions of from four to eight compo 44 o NELSON A MILES 11 + JJ 1 LJ nice The maximum number In elthpr a cavalry or artillery regiment Is I 12 companies of IM each or 1500 menThe men-The distinguishing marks on the chevrons chev-rons are white for Infantry red for artlllry and yellow for cavalry The Corps Insignia worn on the cup are coRd muskets for the first crossed cannon for the second and crossed so here for the third The uniform Is I bill no matter how It may be ornamented and embellished The United States has additionally a militia force ot 115 C7 and 10000000 more available fighting men President William McKinley Is I com rounder In chief of the army while the general commanding Is I the senior maJor ma-Jor general Nelson A Miles There are 10 other major generals and viz brigadier generals The eight army de parlments In the Unite States are con rr tt ltv G tv 1 M t g J 0 i I 1 = < + M a V a r trolled by the following general officers Department of California Brigadier General W 15 Shatter department of the Colorado Brigadier General E S Otis department of the Columbia Drift adlcr General II C Merrinm department depart-ment of Dakota Ilrlgadler Oenetal J F Wade department of the cast Major General Wesley Merrltt department of the lakes Major General J n Brooks department of the MIsourl Brlaa dler General J J Copplngei department depart-ment of the gulf Brigadier General W M Graham The olllcera In the army are a higher WESLEY = MCRRITT salaried class than those In the navy the graduate from Annapolis receiving 10 per annum while the second lieutenant lieu-tenant who has Just left West Point Is paid from 1 400 to It 1 COO a year To the next grade In the navy elllgn Is I attached at-tached a maximum stipend of from tl 2VO to 1 400 while the first llcuten ant In the army receives from tl 500 to 1600 I and so on to the hlKheHt rank where the rear admiral Is given 16000 u line the major general has on annual salary of 17 500 A better class of men generally enlist In the army because there Is I more independence Inde-pendence a freedom from such cramped cramp-ed quarters as those on shipboard Then too there Is I the additional Incentive In-centive of a comparatively easy method meth-od of rising from the ranks and beom U w t Y ax r 1 Y v 01 i Il J t1I copyright 161 e Ing a second lieutenant by passing a prescribe examination The sailor has no such opportunity offered him He may first become a petty officer such as boatswains mate master ntorm i etc with a small Increase In-crease In hie pay and there Is I the pos Iblllty of his even using to the dignity of a warrant omcer but he cnn never go Any higher Our army Is supplied with the Irag Jorgensen rln and the revolvers of the soldiers i arc of 33 caliber Instead of the antique 45 caliber of the Colt and other types The old fashioned heavy bayonet was changed live years ago for the moral lpr weapon of the knife pattern Theo Improvements were chiefly for the purpose of rendering the fighting mon equipment lighter so that he might bo able to carry the greatest possible quantity of ammunition In these days of rapid firing weapons the most Important object Is to have the nnrrl6r provided with the greatest practicable number of cartridges Even such trifling accouterments as buckles JOHNR BROOKE i S 1 a 14 will and belt plates are of less weight than formerly and as the bullets are omueh smaller the cartridge belt will hold 120 rounds Instead of the old time 40 The work laid out for the Infantryman Infantry-man the cavalryman and the artillerist Is I naturally very well understood but not so that of the engineer corp The duties of a military engineer are to aid In every way In bringing the army face to face with the enemy and then to start the fighting He must be equally expert with the hammer the pad and the river He plans and builds fortifications Indicates I the loca A t r T rramie r J A YM i III nand where the guns shall be placed n-and Is ready also to handle them In the light If necessary Many great military chieftains have been engineers Our engineer corps are carpenters bridge builders electrician saplire and miners and wlthnt as well drilled a body of soldiers an any army can boast John AL Wilson Is the chief of corl veers with the brevet rank of brigadier briga-dier general One unique feature of the military service of the United States has been the army pack train which has been of great use In the nest and Is 1 practically certain to be a feature of our offenslvo operations In Cuba In this the men and mules are well trained and equipped and are sent to the vntlous commands when required Although part of the army the men are civilians and are not required to enlist Their wages are oO l 1 i G tl i SHAF7CR 1I 1 I a month It requires six months trainIng train-Ing to make a fairly good packer of ian a i green hand and several years 10 make him an expert Only ablebodled men I are hired none weighing less than 170 pound and every applicant must be able to lift 200 pound to the level of I hla chin Ile dos not wear a uniform hut only a modification of a cowboy a costume I Th lot of the private soldier Is I not on unpleasant one In time of peace ho works only about four hours a day I for his board and clothes and 13 a month the monthly cash stipend Increasing In-creasing annually until after five years It Is I 1S a month The cavalryman must not only attend to his equipments but L 1 f I 1001 J t r 1 f Naval Force Landing UnderCover Under-Cover of the Fleets Fire also give proper attention to his horse The following is I the ordinary dolly routine of a soldiers i life Itevellle W Inter C CO a m summer 6 0 a m I > rak IL7Wlnter 1a m summer 6 ° In Pat lgueT a m 4 DrilL 7 am s Dress irade Ml n m UOfd MounUngGI n m 1JrIlLJO n mIl 1nner 1f m BchooiUur hOOI If In artillery 1 PI m irestSuoet rap tattoo = J Immediately U M after retreat Toes il p m While all branches of the service are obliged to be spick and span the cavalry cav-alry are a particularly brilliant looking set of fellows Notwithstanding the decline lIne of the horse through the popularity popular-ity of the bicycle and electric cars Uncle Un-cle Sam requires a certain quota of good cavalry steeds yearly 1I0ree hoe always al-ways been Indispensable battle and It would require some Invention possess Insr an automatic action little hort of marvelous to icplacu them allfacto rll wA r a ye t J Dry large breeder of fine horses In cldentally I keeps the United States cavalry cav-alry service In Mow for It Is always Possible that he will find a purchaser for much of his stock which falls below the required standard for his own purposes pur-poses A horse that la I useless for breeding and not fast enough for 0 trotter or racer may yet be eminent fitted for the cavalry As at present constituted the service needs about 700 new hones every yea being one tenth of the 7000 used Inactive I In-active duty When the quartermaster goes Into the Held to select his steed he la deluged with offers ot fine animals ani-mals There are trotters In hose value course the noblest blood of the leading rack stars of a past generation sleek well formed creatures whose rlender rounded limbs and Intelligent eyes and gracefully curved necks betray their Arabian ancestry Only a certain type however Is purchased The animal must be gentle and tree from all vicious habits and a fair nimble trotter 1 ven the mouth Mut be moderately enl th e and not so hardened to the bit that a rider could not turn him without running run-ning Into a stone wall White horses hove bn used but they are not desired de-sired The object Is I to obtain na nearly near-ly as possible uniformity of color Sorrel Sor-rel black and bay are referred i Every animal must be a gelding from 16 to 16 hands high and weighing from 910 to 1150 pounds Horse and master soon become fast friends and the docile affectionate af-fectionate beast readily learns to love his temporary owner Sometimes the soldiers get choice animals and after Hors of training and close association their companionship Is I ailmost hum nn Buffalo Bill Colonel W F Cody says we have the finest cavalry force on earth and he Is I an authority from expert ex-pert ence and observation illi In the nrllllery the recruit advancement advance-ment Is I In proportion to the nblllty he displays After learning how to handle ilru a musket he is I Instructed < In the art of manipulating fildplce Then by degrees de-grees he Is taught how to work mortar batteries elope gun the modern 8 10 and 12 Inch l1tee and < mogazlne and inm the Getting Maxim Ii IIotcbkl and other fieldpieces In a few month 0 man of ordinary Intlllgene is I ready for active service at any of the great I seacoast fortifications or on the field of i I bs j become skilled artillerists men are required to possess some knowledge 1 ot arithmetic they must know how to read bDrometera and thermometers and must also have some Information regarding the force and effect of the velocity of the wind This detail enters Into the sighting and firing of heavy ordnance There are today In the ranks many very bright men who enlisted ns privates pri-vates and who by Industry and perseverance i vennce have become experts In the handling of the great modern gun i Some of them are still In the ranks but they will soon be promoted to the grade of noncommissioned officers Discipline In the army Is I not K 0 severe se-vere as Is I Imagined although In rare Instances martinets have rendered miserable mis-erable the lives of some of the enlisted mn In their command The relations between officers and privates are as a rule of the most friendly nature Bo clal Intercourse Is I necessarily Impossible Impossi-ble In the volunteer forces there Is I of course more freedom of speech between the rank and the file Athletic sports have been widely encouraged i en-couraged In recent years and at nearly every army post there has been a football foot-ball team or a baseball nine In fine weather the afternoon Is I generally devoted de-voted to sports If the garrison or camp bo near a town mane of the men visit It being given passes to tOne so t-One Is never allotted to a soldier however how-ever unless his record Is good the stoppage page of pass privileges resting with tile captain and forming a powerful lever < In favor of discipline There were a large number of foreigners for-eigners soldiers > of fortune In the army during the civil war several noblemen no-blemen from European countries holdIng I hold-Ing commissions and serving as aids 10 the commanding generals but today the ranks are a good representation 01 no five born Americana and all must law he clUzens by General Allies has for some lime been contemplating Important change In tho army uniform At a White louse cptlon only a short IIlne prior to the rp outbreak of hostllltlea with Spain he appeared In a gorgeous new tunic of hi civil deficit liberally adorned wllll gold lace and wparln a soh of alternate yellow and gold etrlpe Te mot rR nmrkable feature of the uniform how Over was not the splendor of the foe rigs but the prominence of tho oalc cat and acorn decorations a urlous fact as they are supposed to be dls tlnctle Inllltnry emblm of the Brit sn crown General allies nevertWcfi Intimated that he was going to tube the best features of every other nation dress regulation and IncorporDt o then Into his new system for the clothing of the American army All that Is I left of the Spanish army of 200000 men sent to Cuba since l1G ore 90000 regular and these With the CO 000 home royalists n total of 150000 have controlled only the seaport end strongly fortified towns In the Interior The open country from east to nett Is I In the hands of the Insurgents The province ot Ilnor del Rio ot the ex train wet Is I a Cuban stronghold the Insurgents there under command of Generals DelDdo and Doom holding the long and Impregnable chain of mountains extending through the vrov Ince In the provinces of Alatansos and lIavan ore about 6000 insurgents The fortified towns are nearer to one an other In these two dltrlts the n Spun hVoM mlre fall forces more numerous and the Cu bon the v ak tTutTheTattcr boO always been able to keep up a lively tuerrllla warfaic railing almost neck Iy l tho larger tom nnd lOoking thistle Into the suburbs of Havana Although they lost their brilliant leader An 1 guren It short time ago they have till the brave commanders Generals note I court Alejandro HodTlnue and nrnel I de Cardenas nnd Colonels Davalos Col lazo and others t The Cuban Commander In chief General I Gen-eral Ioxlmo Gomez controls the I tfal cn tral portion of the Island In the pro t Incc of Santa Clara with 10000 men and Is associated with Generals Alva 0 rz Carrllo and Montcacudo JIB ana A General Callxto Cnrcln who with his V subordinates Jesus Dobl and Lope > Loynoz controls the eastern end of the w Island In the provinces of Santiago de t Cult and Puerto Irlnclpe hate bo able to win notable victories ngnlnlt l some of the bet military eadersof the r Cotllion kingdom ns evidenced by the late defeat of General Pan lo In Santee 0 go de Cuba at the mouth of the Canto river and of GencrDI Jlmnez CatII p nos nt La Psperanza wlllin sight of t the city of Puerto Principe at In these provinces the Cubans are 0 stronger than In any other section hav Ing fully 20000 well armed mn plentl 6 fully ed provided with ammunition the rh sequence of the numerous successful h filibustering expeditions a The rush of the navy or at Unit that r part of It known ns the north Atlantic I squadron on lIavono was amazing to I t the people of tho United States oho I expecting war had still con litad tint t here would be 21 hours notltotloa c them of the advance s The fleet under Captain Mlllatn T t Sampson w ho was some time spa glues the highest relative rank and bus lle been designated as rear admiral com mnnllng uhlle Investing Havana it I the same time holds open the FlorU s straits for the undisturbed transport q tlon of supplies to our troops on theta et land and for conveance of more td 0 U filers as they are heeded A part of ow lu I naval I flotilla also guards the gulf la III at onl to 110 fu If 1 west of Havana for a similar purpose The fleet cooperated with the land ea m forces from the moment they landed la I ICU Cuba so that they both simultaneous arc menaced the capital city brit It was from the belllnning the army lot plan to unite vi th the forces of Gomn stn dn Garcia troops to be sent to I join fn those revolutionary bodies la Puerto not I Its Santa Clara Principe or Man The principal object of the Invading I army has been to form Immediate the LLe ea closest alliance with the Insurgent COIr troops With the establishment of a pre stable and Independent government In I fb free Cuba the army will have no con rend Ill I I nectlon Its task will be to sweep the flight Spaniards out of the island I As Las end ben understood by the United mates blL government for weeks rot absolute Cm warfare Is not essential The spanlih moat 1 army there depends upon the provisions habit Imported Rice beans and flour come In from the mother country Meat Is sent wilt I The Miles them from Mexico and Florida IlIho condensed milk they use has been ob The hUnlhBat tallied from the United States with cam eggs and vegetables from Florida Et i en at cry potato Is from abroad On account aot of the great financial distress I In Hl still I vane the merchants are not very wet for p supplied with provisions The count SIR near the towns was laid waste by Wer The Th-e r a policy that will result In a boom overn erang finish and the gaunt specter of 9ewe famine stalks throughout the Island Sunda This Is now being alleviated by carfoa He aiJ r of food from the United States Tw md rcconcentrados or noncombatants hava Vsnii I been dying of starvation by the thousands thou-sands because they wire not allowed 11 to eh raise crops on their I land 1 being lrv I Vin rh nde en from their homes an 1 forced to n r In tho towns The Insurgents I however R 1 have had zones of cultivation of liar and mad J own where they raised vegetables r at corn and stored their cattle but that J q would not divide I their piovlflons win The the noncombatants nor would they j d he d low food supplies to be raised b > otben site J than themselves because It was their The policy I to prevent tbe the Spanish army Wean I from obtaining any Kind of aid or comfort com-fort In the rI districts Consequently vader jla1 Conse-quently the 150000 Spaniards f the arms have depended upon eteamen The laden with provisions his t cuba n eree The army Investment In not probably really need to bl men nn tau than to 000 men The president may r r and the bill A dh for many more volunteers 100000 men to fig s authorizing him to limit The country come to the defense tut their dricir may eventually be fully utilized I by biro The but the great majority of the volunteer her soldiery Including thc militia l and na cued ard val reserves will I be needed for guard One i Ing the seaport cities and towns The holy Atlaa mite the is coast line on such a great Og r many M ar Fl Ih tie and gulf shores with so Armed Doi silblo I spots for landing I an Alll Four force that a great military I rceo 0 Be be requisite to Insure ordinary Proto RITlf thin The regular army Is I In mir lfl teal j I A die It Ash excellent trim condition and constant exercise In scouting fighting There Indians military maneuvers about III near extensive at western forts and has had an a familiarity with camp life Both lot lodlo t erals Miles and Merrltt are noted lighters THOMAS tit JAMIBSO 111 0 1 |
