Show J ORIGIN OF OUR NAMES Up to t a certain point In the worlds e history the r umber o of J people s as suf nu b rrt I avoid ccnuslon olngl I names bUI Ih popullon Increased and communication bcam 010 fre quent and pracilrable the supply ol names was not sufficient i i lo I meet the de mand and the r < sult w that Tom Dick and Ilaroswere tadangcr of becoming be-coming mixed up with one another It J was this condition of affairs which gave rise to the adoption of surnames not oniy as a means of obtiatlrg the embarrassments embar-rassments occasioned by a multiplicity u of s milar names but for the purpose of distirguishlng families Many years before be-fore surmmes were finally adrpted the use of sobriquet had become tustcm arylhat Is I names given to Individuals as a special mark ol disttnjjuishment These names weic generally founded upon some prsonalllt or 001 Ind dent in the life ol the person cr referred re-ferred to Ihe place of nls nativity as I Richard the LonIlearled Edward I Longshanks John Lackland Judas Is cariol But these sobriquets applied I only to the individuals and dieI with Ihm nd did not tbelore rve the purpose of family names i I WIEN SCIlNAIiE FRST CAllE INTO EXISTENCE It Is Impossible to determine definitely defin-itely when surnames first came Into existence lor like nearly all human customs the adoption ol family names was the result of circumstances and was ol slow and graeual growth but it was probably somewhere in I lot neighborhood neigh-borhood ol Ihe I > ear one thousand that they were first oOicially recognized and I usd to any ltnt 1 The term surname is supposed by some to be ikrivcdjrom the Trench I urnom mnlog ovr nm ba cause a prson lamlly nallla was lor merly written above Instead ol alter the j baptismal I name It is just as likely to howcver that the term was originally I t I family names were thosederived from I the name ol the lather Instead ol rc Inlng to a Inan a lohn the scn 01 Jlcob in ordr to dlStlngulh him from I John the son ol David or William or f r dll r the appellation was shortened to John jacbbi son and this In turn became simply John Jacobson and al ol the children and descendants of this par licular Jacob therealter bore the name of Jacobson In the same manner the tamily namtS 01 JOhll > on Uavidson Williams Robertson Thomson i t b nnl ikc came into existence l Many of the Scotch and Iran surnames sur-names originated in the same way the ii rdn mac son of being prefixed to the name of I the lathtr and Irom this rource wo have the McArlhurs Mac I Donalds Mcllenrys McMichaell and mny mar that lill occur to th roer I Tb old Norman prfixed to the patr nal name the word htz probaoly a cnrruptlon 01 th French fill manlllg SOD and Irom thm have th names of Filzhugh rllzpatrick Titzgerald FizSlmmon on 01 Simon WilEN PEOPLE CAOlltED TItErR PED Caa IN TItEla NA I Until within a com c time the Welsh peopl rr d I I primitive custom of disllrguislnni a per ton as the sen of his father by the ue of the word ap Thus David tbe son ol Howell was known as Uavid ap j Howcll Very frequently however this was not a sufficient distinction and It bcam necry to add th nams of the grandfather great grndfather t and Dmim evral aocsturs b I yond so that an individual carried his I pdlr In hi nm 11 ws therfor I r IU r c Da acml Rogr and 0 on to tb vnlh and elinth generation back A story is related of an Englishman who rid lOR among the mounain on drk nigb hard crl 01 dlstr i In Irom adecp ra me Help mis k r helpl came a voice from below V ho are you asked the trave er peeling m I to the darkness Jenkln ap lotm ap i Robert np William ap Richard an Owen replied the voice Lizy fellows fel-lows tnat ye be cried the Cnglktimau stumj spurs to his horse lo lie a rolling roll-ing In that ditch t half a dozen of > tl ° common dont ye bell one anothr outl IQ this curious cutom howvere re Indebted lor the name of 1 ugh Intchard Iowell and Price which 1 e simply modincatlons ol ap Hugh ap Richard ap tluwell and ap Rice lieu the Welsh finally adopted a simpler t hm rgltr I f i J case Thus Grillilh the son of Robert instead ol being called ninth Robertson Robert-son was known as Griffith Roberts I i the son being understood The possessive pos-sessive form was soon abandoned however how-ever and Ihe surname became reduced to the simple one of Gr ffitn Roberts Many dofr our most famillai I a ed from tin d ea onc remlodd 01 Williams lIugh Richards Andrews Harris Harrys hfttd eJ Adams Phillips Oucns Rogers IIiw ells Daniels Rejnolds Matinews Jen kin Ldwards and l our old friend Joue which Is merely a modification cf Johns In times cone by nearly eery name had its corresponding nickname or dlminulve JIIt atooy I stili have our Dick Jock Dilly Frnk nd lIarry Maoy 01 tne nIcknames alld nUlStry if furm tI aho drawn uon fur urI ur-I nam 0 tbat a IIn l name a olt 3 times the source ol hall a cUin diner nt co nomens Thu from Juhn we e cot only have Jones and Johnson but Jenkms Jenkin Jennings Jackson jan g 1 i > on and itauson From Arthur we e have McArly Aikms and Atkinson Prom Robert we have Roberts Robertson 0 Robert-son Robinson Robson Uobscn llobbs and tlobbson Dennis is responsible I roOD nlT for Dennison and Teunson Havklns b Jh li 1di tln L R chaid has given us in addition to arCs and Richardson Dick D ckcns nadRv D Duon and Dickinson Andeisun I and lIndon rdrlvtile 01 Andrel I and to Wiliam we are Indttd for I Wilson Wills Willis A Ukes liilson Wilkins Wilkinson Wiliuon llcux W liI Willttr Willard and Hillings besides = Williams and Williamson I TAO TUEIR NO > E 0 TUEIR TaADK t In a rt ntany Instances the Chrl I III tlan nme was retaind unaherd a the surnam nnd tber Is probably not ta t c h t or y r I = In addition tu the many lamill ones n h I ad n G j 1 On lImy hnelr Chari 1l1s 1 h lo J ti 1 nmes by reoon 01 h Iel tot thdr uo lucb ba to 1010 ut1 beeD N abandond and they are nov regarded rs lamilv rames only unions these Kre Reynold Din Godwin Good win I Kan lal Rice batrps n Morgln Martin Giles Cuthbert Baldwin tlry ant Itimard llowcll Arnold Kupert and Merediih In addition lo thus immortalizing their Clrstian name our ancestors have tell to the world an und Inl record cf their trades and occupations In the shape of another class ol family names the fort most among which Is the abun dnl nbO 0 Smith Scm 01 the 0101 bers of this 1 numerous lamily have however sought lor a different tb and Dlore nclnt 011 gin Ilun hal reprnt ed ly a village smithy and 10 this end they have convinced themtetes that they are the direct descendrnls of Shem Ihe son ol Noah and the faticr o I the Shmltes wl oe progeny through th ercis of sem aclul ortho grphleIJugglelY beam aorormd Into Smhn n the ntanntr S > 1em Sheraile fahemit Shmit Smith WItV TItE ARE so MANV SlIITltS At the time ol the adoption ol sur > nams vy arllan whno work reo qulted the king of blows on mel1 was kno n n mlther ondlh and Ihe com unity hfo hd Its blacksmith black-smith hllsollih goldmlth oilr smlh rrowmilh and eveul ohers 01 the urn chaIlCIr The nllmber 01 Smltbs althe preStnt day my IhlT lore b rdlly accounted lor wneo we rmembr Ihat cll 01 the difTrent Llnds olmlths wa n much nlitled to Ih ue 01 his ade naDie lor 0 coguomen a any othr rtisan John the blck milb and John the coppllmllh wre both known asJohn the smth an ap 00 whicb Iurallv resolvd Itslf nto tblaollly nal11e 01 John Smil In tbe me wy I < ttl the Carpntr b mr c t fu g laJ fl Millr In this maonr Ih V1I01lS trdts and clllnRs became tb sourCe 3 0 = d I sdbln Tylr Chandler Mon Cutler Carter Sadler Ialer Butcner Drr Ttratch er FIlchr arrowmakr lIoopr CIIeseman 1urnr Joiner Cooper Gilder Mercer Skinner Col nun Sawyer Tanner Spicer Cook Sutor shoemaker Miner Driver Weaver Gardner Merchant IorlerWaluwrijht Taylcr Shepherd Glover and a number num-ber of others Such names as Hall Stair Garret Kitchen Chambers also record the occupations ol our lorclilhrs who in these cases were engaged m the house holds of the nobility and had charge of ouch aprtmnls a Ih nam bUggest Othe agnln hld hlghr offic and rrom thent w havthe urnam 1l1e Duller Proctor t cruller Steward ana Its modified lorms of Stewart nd Stuart Biley towler and Woodward and llaywara the keepers respectively of the forest and cattle While it is very evident that our fathers preempted the honor of estab lishing i family names there I are three or four surname j which are derived from the maternal side of the house and are therefore worthy ol special notice Such are Brewller Weher and Baxr which are the Anglo Saxon feminine I forms ol Brew er XV caver and Baker TOOK THE NAME OP TIIK1K MUTIIrLACE For a long lime It had been usual to designate an individual by the place ol his nativity or residence custom which resulted in Ihe adoption of such family names as French Scott Welsh English Dane Burgo > ne rom Burgundy Bur-gundy Cormsn ana Cornwall from Cornwall and a number of others Among tho familiar lamily names that correspond with those ol Diglish towns and parishes are Kent York hiche tcr Lincoln Carlisle Huntingdon 1 ells Washington Iulnam Hurtt Buchauan Preston and Kancrolt A great many of this characterfand they are numbered by the cole were originally the names 01 haronlal estates winch names the baron dopted as surnames and ever on who olud Ind lolloled thtlr ex mple Those who were not land iwntrs were obliged to content them elves with less austocratic lilies Hence John who lived by Ihe brook became known as John ol thebrco < which was venlu lIy reducd to the urnollllnAI form of John Brook So alo Richard ho lived at the end of town beCame Richard Townsendand soriu Individual who had his home at the bottom of the hill became the founder of the lamily of Undeilull resides those which will namrally bujgest themselve 1111 Street Churcn Lane Son Held Wood Marsh MoorpUnderwood Iher r many oloursurnames whlcb have come Iom the sm oul < e but IhclI iignificance would not now be appneit by reason of the lact that the names as common nouos hv bcom gnerallv obsolete Some of the best known ones are Cobb meaning ortenally a harbor Chase a bunting ground Heck a little brook Cross one uho dwelt by the cross roads 1 leet a small I creek 1 oote the bottom ol a lull Hallowell I a holy lllin J wellFoss a ditch llursta wcod Knapp the top ol a hill Lynch a small hinging thicket Shaw a small copse blade a valley Hatch a floodgate Hyde us dgc 1t dl iar la mucl land us could be cultivated with i one plow Holmes I a Hat island Hope I hioltt a vale I I I lolla small forestLee or Leigh I i a pas urejlfnn the summit ol a hill 1eel a pool Iolhrd a chopped tree Russ a morss1 Ihorpe u village Ueller a gulf Worth a foil or firm Somum th wor < l man or the sui fix r manlnl the sam thing w added to nouns of this kind as U I seen In such names as Iarknun Iatker lindger Becker Ihe origin of the names of plices or to ns from which surnames have been a ptedisalio of interest us showing It Initial derlvatlcn of such family n mes It will be noticed that a number of name of this class end mion This Wa the old Anglo Saxon word frplce a nd was frequently used In ccnjnrction with a qualifying nounor ihe purpose of gIVIDR a on to an at or Side 1 huo it n place had a clayey soil it was named Clayton If it were Sony it was clld Slunton If it had never before bn occupied It was Liven the name ol N wton Hit were remarkable for Its turslt bcm L < lgllton SIIOP SGNS SOPPLIED FAIILV NAs AI the tlm amily name cm Into ue the Ihops olthe merchto and storr kr e DO nUlObred thy rat r-at the present day but were known and dUlinguUhcd by thelrslns which were suptnded atth froot doors and bar ali mannr of dvlce th ubjcII 01 braclnl all the known sncies or m mal vegetables birds II iwers fishes arylorefrtoashookeeper I O asjchi O ol j Ihe Hear or Dick cf the Swan or Tom 1 ol the Li 1 v and as ntaj be imagined these app lit ons weienadi yionverte Into laniy names which nave com down to us as Uar Hogg Buck Hart Bull Fox Wolf Colt Hare Todd a lox Heaver Lyon and others of zoolog leal characlr Amon tbos drlved Irom signs bearing figures ol birds are bvtan Iracock bpalruw Nightingale 1 1 Wren Dird Heron Dove Partridge CockIlnch I Hawk Ilowltt Corbet raven Crane ml Drake Thc ctm Inl from hh are no 10 numlous but are nevertheless In evidence the incst familiar one being that olFIsh Itself and its ancicrt form of Fislt bsdcs which we have Hurt Chubb Haddock Herring Pike Perch hA 1i1 Writing and no doubt others which will ocur to the rader Gubb and Emmel Ith seral more nre nameJ alttr Inects Fr01t toc ghhlos II IruII and 1I0l u Ie he In addition to many others lIeonllroome Clovr lirch Ah law horn Hazel Plum Cherry Apple emmontPear Poach Tovv r Nettlf Vied Ire Hush Vine riant llucM Dr lien and Root llieseshopsicm bore other devices bralde the knJ recltd nlld froill tho cof R mhcllareII < harnctr Ie Iae tlO name f BeIIIlAnure Co s MU Iot 11 alld 0 hay ha-y ecldzed TUB 11AIK AND COMrLCXION CAB HAULS A great nnny sobriquets rermme fixed as kmi y mines the mist im putint I pernapt Leing thoi wtncti reo terrtel lo the color ol tile liiir or C5ni plexljn from vv ilch we get our well Known namei ol Drown lllack Gr y White Reed red Mctlty 1alrf lighi and Illount fair Uihers agul ler Ollt 0 cumplinellt vr deriioll Jor om persontlatAlnmnt r ci aiactenslic as Armstrong Mitchell gnat binder WhIller Kalwell bwinde Is btronir Weak mall Iorg fellow Crtoshank Lojgnn i WHit head Broadhead > > wlli > Dber > obl Harey Uojlmle Goo mall lIadnan Sn11 aII Darlm Iung S ort lIchor baiEafe Sweet l MooS and so on To iltn Ihtshoud be adeM thoe of King Queen 1opf llishop KnUht Prior AuootbiiJirc t LvlDuke Ihron Lord Prm e anu others o I a sim liar kind w itch were original y imposed upon individua because of tticir sup pOled rmbanc tu h represlIld by Ibee lIame or beau ol services tty may have rendered them Tnin there uic those wnich do not come hhin an parlicular calgor but owe thiir origin 10 l lome circumstance or event which the name no doubt appro1 riately suggests but which has been lot to pcspenty Joy moss M rrow Winter March May Weeks aid so on INFLUENCE OF INCORRECT PRONUNCIATION PRONUNCI-ATION A large m Ter of the family nams or f this couilry are derived from the French and man and other larguag nd do nol 01 cOU sust any man ing to an Englishspeaking pel son but translation cf them will show that they he a Imllar nrlgin and have ben formd on the sam prmcpls s the Eng lib surnames fle > idisthesehoiv eVtr thre Ie a gltRt IIUIlY family name I hieh re ar narentlv hout aav slgnficance Ths ale such as have betno modified and chnged thnt thir original sense and lorm hive been des troicd W hen vvc consider the former laxity ol orthographical by willed a person was piivileged to write his name in several dilfereut wiys and the inability ol Ih maes 10 eAd and i w may wundIT that 0 many tume have C01l dOln through the cmurie as well preserved as Ibey arc Even In our 0 day popl are lont to chnge the spelling olvTel names and I is 1 therefore not difliult to understand for aample how tho anclnt name of Darnhini meaning the field of the barn has bcomecballged to l1arrum whicli do not mean anthing 50likelh the name < f Ia Imr I a c rrurlon of ihe old surname Launer signil I g I a Ie o atiJitlI mt tI Thrnuh Hroo pronunciation w av lb nmc 01 Selhn rlronilhe good old SIILgr and our Buckttt or today would carcely Ttcogni I rormr iflt N h t Irnr ce SevenOaksU now lost in the abbre ated lorm ol bnooks while Uoaks is all that remains of lly the Oaks 1 hese bre but a lew ol the very many Instance that might be cited In illustration oltbe manor 111 which nam I a become allj and IInrecognlzabl but thy selve 10 how that all names howvcr odd or meaningless they may alpear hAve had a reasonible and sign hcan irigin Ladies Home Journal |