Show MARQUIS CHILDS German Dilemma Aff Affects Affects' All of Europe's Affairs y J BERLIN Here BERLIN Here In the ruins of Hitler's retch the United States seems seems a long way ot off olf It seems very remote to the Americans who are struggling to administer a part port of divided Germany Back home in America th the problem of f Germany can can- be discussed dis dis- discussed cussed from any anyone one of a number of viewpoints It Is like the fable out of India about the blind men and the elephant You Judge it fr from r the perspective of your own set of ideas prejudices emotions That Is a luxury enjoyed by bythe bythe bythe the stay at s. s The Americans Americans Americans Ameri Ameri- cans military and civilian ci who are actually coping with Germans are face to face with a grim reality the The stay-at-homes stay Ignore reality or they conveniently forget forget forget for for- get it Therefore It might be bewell bewell bewell well at the outset to restate that reality here As a result of the Potsdam big four meetings two years ago Germany Germany Germany Ger Ger- many was cut up into several parts Poland was given a chunk of territory In the east Including the coal conI mines The balance balance balance bal bal- bal bal- ance was divided into four zones one each for or the Soviet union the British the United States and France Separate Needs With the deepening split be between between between be- be tween Russia and the west these zones have been increasingly walled waned of off as separate little worlds An important step has just been taken In m uniting the economies economics of or the British and the U. U S S. S zones This will bring definite definite nite benefits But its effect is necessarily limited by the geography geography phy of truncated Germany The suddenly important fact Is this In the part of Germany that went to Poland and in the Russian zone Is the great food- food producing area arca The United States and Britain in their their zones got scenery in Bavaria and in industry industry industry in- in In the Ruhr and the north but but no no food France got some Industry in the You can Imagine how this would work If you cut the United States into similar pieces In one zone would be the northe northeast northeast north north- e east st with its vast industry In- In another zo zone c would could be the great bread basket of the middle west and the south Costs In the combined British and American zones are art approximately approximate approximate- ly Germans To keep them alive on a low diet will cost this year for supplies brought in m chiefly from the United States Those supplies have to be brought In because the thc industrial industrial indus indus- industrial trial products of ot the Ruhr cannot cannot cannot can can- not be exchanged for the food of eastern Germany That Is the root trouble of the British and the Americans It is the argument they use in urging that the level of ot steel production in inthe inthe inthe the Ruhr be raised from five or six million tons to ten million tons It Is 1 why American and line rl ish administrators argue t necessity for fr exports from 1 zones With some somo ex eXPOrtS exports port t Germans might be al at to begin to pay for the food Oi th J has to be brought in to keep keen keeps starvation V i The crux of ot it Is right right he herl who pays the bill Even Een theu th fiS u. u they are a to long ng way from hon hos our administrators know Lt 1 ti f the American to taxpayer will go on Indefinitely pa rh Jt h r. r v more than halt of Me a a. year to keep Germans alive 11 Becomes 5 More lore Acute The matter of C pay Is more and more acute The TheEr BI ish are making it pJ plain ln that U will not be able to g go on on mt rot longer meeting their share shar f 1 i bill blU That means the Un lJj States would be expected shoulder the entire If things continue as they a 2 i The easy alternative of ot rout coui Is to pull out out- That would m me sooner or later seeing all of C G many go communist Hun would produce complete brei down down and and communism Is s heir hell to collapse This Is Ls an of the German Gennan dilemma In complications it rea reaches hes I 1 every phase of European p p tics But in essence Germans with no su au u dent cieni source of food are arc the r f rc Hy that night and day sits the shoulders of the Amer administrators Not all aU theories in the world can al 21 that reality ty You cannot a as as' as European put It repeal histA and these human ings togs are part of the long tong i j tortured history of this try tt continent r I |