Show S. S ATOMIC INTERNATIONAL p J CONTROL f u. u UN U.N. N. N UnitH Unit I H Hars ars arsI ar arIan Plan Ian to Use Power in Peace By FRANCIS V. v CARPENTER 1 NEW YO YORK K June Juri 14 R lP The United States in ma ina a history history- m making king pronouncement offered Friday to tod destroy d stroy its iti own store of atomic bombs and stop manufacturing th them m if an an adequate d quate control of atomic energy is is est established under inder a a. proposed International Inter nati national al authority Simultaneously the United States made it if lear clear ear to an V in intently intently in- in listening world there must be e no yeto no veto p power wex in any part any part of the framework it was proposing for the d development and peaceful use o of atomic energy Bernard ernard M. M Baruch United States representative gave to th the United ed Nations ls atomic c energy commission at its first 5 session and to the wc world the American plan for har harnessing essing for pe peaceful e i purposes the giant force unleashed by science Bar Baruch Bartich ch chosen temporary ch chairman of the commission sion read before hia hL address a a message from President Truman wishing the commission I Godspeed in its deliberations tio s. s Calls for Law With Teeth in It Maj Gen Lesl Leslie e Groves chief of the Man Manhattan engineers engineers' project which developed the tile atomic bomb sat behind aruch Baruch Baruchas as the year old financier manciet c called for renunciation of the atomic bO bomb b at an instrument of VaI warfare re and for Ifor a world worM security p pro program roi gram not comp composed sep sei merely of pious thoughts ts but ut of of enforceable c abl s sanctions sanctions sanctions-an an i international n J law with t te th i in rn it t The Th U. U VS V'S S S. S r representative pr sent who Vho played a l leading ading role rote In this counties Victories in m both loth World w rs the Ui United ted States states' a atomic c cards r on t the table in his is 40 minute 40 minute t ad adde t v l f rHe r- r He lost no time hm in m getting down dow to t to J bIne f. f Addressing d himself lf to my y I f fellow l oW citizens of t the e. e w sai said saJa the th UI United it d States prop proposes s s the c e U n of an in international t t at atomic development authority a to which should be entrusted all phases of oU the e development ev and arid use of atomic en energy t f When When an adequate system for control l of ot of atomic tomic energy in including in including n eluding the renunciation of v. v the bomb bombs bombas as s a we weapon weapon pon has been ag agreed e d. d upon and put into eff effective operation an and l condign su suit uit t table able pu punishments set up for the violations of t the e rules of f control con cont which are t to td be stigmatized as international c crimes Baruch said we Uwe pro propose os that 1 M Manufacture of atomic bombs shall shan st stop p l' l 2 Existing bombs shall shaH be disposed of f pursuant t to to the terms of the treaty and 3 The authority shall be in jn p possession ss ss on of f full information orin ti n nas nas as to the know-how know for the production of atomic of energy U. U S. S Ready Rudy t to M Make Full Contribution My country is La ready to make its full c contribution toward the end we seek subject of course to our constitutional processes and to toan an adequate t te system of control b coming becoming fully tully effe effective tive as we finally work it riu ut t B Baruch said s. s id The elder statesman whose address constituted one of tb the most remarkable a I doc documents ments yet Jai laid before the United Nations of lies at aV the heart hearl of our said the matter punishment very ery present security ty system m. m I it It might as as w well U be be admitted he continued here and now that the subject pu punishment of vlola violators ors o of the pe peace c go gobs goes s straight to the veto power c contained n ain d in th the thc charter of ot the theU U United N Nations Nation s so f far faras r as it r rela relates relates' s' s t to the Ji field Afield ld of f energy er I The charter permits J penalization only by concu concurrence rence of each of the five great powers Unon powers powe Up Union q of f. f Soviet t Socialist Reub- Reub Republics lies the United Kingdom China France and and the United States 1 1 lu 1 Must t Be No Veto to Protect Prou t Violators rs I want to make it very plain th that t I 1 am concerned her here herewith with th the veto power poweI only as it it afe affects this pa particular r pr blem There must be QC no veto to protect those thos who ho vi violate t their s solemn le agreements agreements' agree agreements agree agree- ments ments' not to develop or use atomic energy for fori destructive pur pur- U poses poses B Baruch Bruch ruch envisioned ned co control 1 r l of Q other ner w w weapons weapons' o of war t arand and perhaps perhaps per per- haps of war wark itself S i 1 I v S B Before f xe a cou country try is ready relinquish any winning ing weapons he said Hit mUSt have more than words reassure reassure it It must have a su guarantee u t S of f s safety ety no not S only against g n t the th offen offenders Ies Ie's ers i in the Ar a. a hut hilt Against th the 11 H legal g e-g users of oi- oi other weapon weapons weapons- bacteriological biological gas gu gas gas- perhaps why perhaps why n not nOt t against war war- Itself ItseL a If we succeed In finding a asUit suit suitable able way ay to to- co co nt 01 atomic atom weapons he EaId It is re reason on- on hope hop that we m may y also pre preclude clude dude the Use toe of ot other th r w weapons apons ad adaptable t to tc mass destruction Uon to A A he When a man learns say can if he chooses chooser Je learn in the rest of ot too the alphabet Let this be anchored in our minds I Peace Is never long preserved by weight of m metal tal or by an armament race Peace can b be made tranquil and s 's s secure c re only by ty understanding and agreement ment fOrtified fOr by sanctions We Ve must e embrace em em- brace international cooperation ri or international disintegration Managerial J C Control Baruch in proposing ng tb the inter international national atomic development a au authority au hp l y sad said that starting with ith raw material it Its It's should have 1 Managerial control or owner ownership ownership own own- er lp of ofalla alla all atomic energy Bee fage al 2 r 1 J. J t World Atom Control Suggested by U. U S. S Continued from Pap Page On One ties potentially dangerous to world wort security 2 Power to control inspect and license all aU other atomic act vi- vi ties 3 The duty of of fostering th the beneficial uses of ot atomic energy 4 Research and development responsibilities of an affirmative c character intended to put the tho authority authority au au- In the forefront of atomic 1 knowledge and thus to enable it to comprehend and therefore to de detec detect detect de- de tec misuse of ot atomic energy To be effective the authority mus must itself be the worlds world's leader in the field of ot atomic knowledge and development development development de de- de- de and thus supplement its ita legal authority with the the great power inherent in possession of f S. S leadership in the knowledge Need Faith f The grey statesman who said he lie had taken up tIlts task in the afternoon afternoon afternoon aft aft- of my life told the commission commission com corn mission that the peoples we serve would not believe and believe and without f 1 faith a aft I t Ii h nothing that counts counts that a treaty merely outlawing possession posses posses- mon sion or use UM of ot the atomic bomb constitutes effective fulfillment of the instructions to this commis commis- sion slon Previous failures have been recorded in trying the method of simple renunciation unsupported by effective cUve guarantees of security and armament limitation No one would have faith in that approach i I alone Now if It ev ever r is the time to act actor I for or the common good Public opinion opinion ion n supports a world movement toward security If I I. read the signs aright the thel pe peoples ples want a program not compO composed d merely of ot pious pious' thoughts though but of ot en enforceable sanctions an sanctions an international law with te teeth teth th in It All AU Hate Hite War Vr He said that the peoples of the democracies gathered in the tho council council coun coun- cil cli chamber hate war They are not afraid of an internationalism international International- lain ism that protects they are unwillIng unwilling ing ng t to be fobbed off by about narrow sovereignty lIo ty which is is' today's phrase for yesterdays yesterday's isolation As Asfor for violations ns of the proposed control framework Baruch said penalties of as serious a nature as the nations may wish and as Im mediate and certain in their execution tion as possible should Mould be fixed for 1 Illegal possession or use of ot an atomic bomb 2 Illegal possession or separation separation tion of atomic material suitable for tor use in an atomic bomb 3 Seizure of any plant or other property belonging to or licensed by bY ay the tho authority 4 Wilful Interference with the activities of ot the authority 1 5 Creation or operation lot dangerous dangerous dangerous dan dan- projects in a a ma manner er contrary contrary con- con to or in the absence of a license granted by the International al control bod body Procedure Set Meanwhile it was explained authoritatively that the procedure for or setting etting up the authority if the American plan is adopted would be for the commission to recommend it to the security coun- coun citi and the council to top p pass s it on ono ont onto t to o the general assembly The general general general gen gen- eral assembly in turn would pass it iton iton iton on tp the member nations in the form orm onn of of treaties to be formally ratified by each coun country ry Baruch 14 H points rep- rep the fundamental features fea- fea tures ures of a plan which w would uld give effect to to- the conclusions he ho had drawn These i included giving the authority complete control of atomic energy exclusive rights to conduct research in the field of atomic explosives and the Ute right of f inspections by qualified representatives representatives of ot the authority He said the authority should have lave personnel recruited on a ab b asis baals is of proven com competence tence but Iso so far as possible on onan an international international Inter- Inter national basis buls On the matter of ot disclosing ato atomic tomic lc secrets Baruch said the II United States Is prepared to make mak available in discussions in th the U. U N. N atomic energy commission the information essential to a reasonable understanding of th the proposals which it advocates Further disclosures must b be dependent h he ho said in the Interests Interests interests Inter inter- ests of ot all upon the effective raU of the treaty When th the authority is actually created th the United States will vIll Join the ather ather nations in making available th the further information essential to that U at organization for the performance perform ance of its functions As the sue suc- stages of International control are reached the United States will bo prepared to yield to the extent required by each stage national control of activities Inthis in inthis this field to the authority Baruch invited criticism of th Ute the Un United ted States proposals and plans plan from other nations Put pitt t to Good UseIn UseIn Use UseIn In opening the first meeting o othe of the commission Trygve Trygye Lie secre tary general of the United Nations said that the common people al aU all allover over the world demand that tha atomic energy shall be bo made to lighten the drudgery of ot their working days rather than fill their lives with fear tear Lie said tho the commission is charged with the responsibility to serve serve the security council in its task of maintaining international i peace c ce and security To a considerable extent he said the entire cause of ot world peace will depend upon the success s sot of ot this commission The atomic energy commission is made mad up of the 11 nations on the security council Brazil council Brazil China France Mexico The Netherlands Poland Egypt the United States the United Kingdom Rus Russia IIa Australia Aus Aus- plus plus Canada Canada Isa is isa isa a member because of its help in developing th the atomic bomb |