| Show 11 1 I Je SODS Travels JI I < LETtBIt SW tXI u After spending about Iwo liouri In t I Albany Western Austritl I once more I 4 boarded the steamer Orara on Saturday i Satur-day Mar Id and at 6 Pm llltcc boats I after anchoring ofl Powsslon joint we sailed for Colombo on the Island 01 I Ceylon which was to be our nal port of call enroute for Iurooe Our voyage t 1 voy-age of Ji S mIles from Albany to Colombo was very pleasanlth weather 1 Mae fine and the eA mouth nearly I II the lime I spent moil ol my lime I In reading And writing and convening with fellow passengers I also took lettoni In German front A young lady As we approached the eiuator which I we crowed on May 9jth the heal became somewhal orrreuiye l and the night were to sultry and hot that many of Ihe pauengers preferred lo steep 011 deck Two conceit In which aong and recltatlonl predominated were I given In the taloon and un the upper Li r deck and hl the time pAWed quickly and I n somewhat pteaiintly 1 I The Oray Is l a fine modern veticl tulll at lUrro England In 1187 i and 4 hat all the latest convenIences Invented 1 for pauenter iran poruilon She Is a I i vessel of 6297 ton gross or j 445 lon I I regUler and the engine laos tIn I atrength of 7ouo horse power She Is 11 < Co feet long by 41 broad and coniumM I J front 110 loO tons 01 cool per day The I erowlodudinltoflicerund men In off do l I partmenU number III 00 the present I voyage ihe carrIes 420 panengcranai ly 4 Jin the first Ui In the srconl I sod j 533 tn Ibe third clas Mast 01 the pus enters true foe pleasure some 10 fin I theIr heakh a few on bosloesi bl I sail prone I a I limitel aunibor eeforfln i to I ne fn I j I land dlopleased with their fortune In k the Colonies I Amonit the isasen t q I I gets are clergymen mtrchinU poru I t 1 people ol leliurr etc Severa men h I II j have wlvea and children along and I 1 I > 1 I moil ol tie people 1 In the lecond clan f where my own lot It I cast are aoclable and reipcctible there ate however a leo receptIons to that home ol them I are ° eef bus be > ond a sensIble limit while olher profeM no religion at alt and other again see policy people peo-ple who aim lo belong lo the mull popular church In the neighborhood where they resIde The Church of I I England 1 and ITeibylerltni I believe I ledomlaate on board and then are 41 iii usa tome Roman Catholic Including I ton priesis 00 Tuesday May n6ti early In the morning Und non seen far way lo the norlhwell It wai the Uland of Ceylon doe to Ihe shores ol which we now tilled lor about one hundred mile and at we approached the coast Kenciy became be-came more and more IDle rutin At 4 end ol Ihe pm we rounded the outer reakwater where a llchlhoiue Inbuilt l In-built and swung Into poilllon Sot an borage on Ihe aside where a great I number ol veaicU 1 Heie already an clioreJ this being a port of great Importance I Im-portance MOIl ol the veuela lloaleu Ihe british lack Slum their mailhead fl boon alter we had anchored Ihe harbor har-bor was literally lIve with rullvci who approached the ship In luouls l and canoe of dlllcrent slurs and make Sonic came to trade others lo HVc ¼ passengers ashore I and others gain tld 4 mostly t buys to perform tIlting and 1 so Immlnc eats In which they were great riperls 1hc molly crowd made strange and deafening noises particularly tie divers who would plunge In for the mailer silver coin lhron In the water but refused to Utve for coppers Alter tea or supper must ul the pat sengers hnded to l spend the I night onshore on-shore I among the number and alter f taking prolonged walk through I some ol the principal fe streets nl Colombo I r I put up at the Australia I louir logether with some fellow I loosen cr5 irons 1 the To d 1nlrS f moment we landed till we hid our I selvea behind the doors ol our hotel use I were beselged almost at every step by natives oho wanted to act as culJei i Ii and wheel as around IIt their buck thaws a light two tthceleM cart pulled by one man which are now used very eitrnslvrly on the Island ol Ceylon and particularly I In Colombo It Isnoi el used only by the white people but alto boTfie native business men and others of Ihe higher caste The ncil morning morn-Ing 1 look a five mile ride In one oft I Ihne little vehicles which I thoroughly t i enloyed for the novelty ol the thing I To Iavol un heels hra human lleili I Is I the propelling power has never fallen to my lot before As there wer sInus I I great l variety orgj hone I vehicle which could be hired al Ihe same rates 01 the I T lnilckslia s lIsle I wasalear case of I I I competition between human lleih and I I hone flesh On my ride I visited Ihe celebrated Cinnamon Garden the museum t 4 Ii I mu-seum the native market el the general iII i T market the rally taIiOD government II I building I public parks etc II I alto took I I a walk I throueh the locllflcatlocil I I near I lIllh 1 thin wharf where a great body of men 11111 l i and women were employed In packing rocks for a new road running along the seaihore We tern told hy one i Ihe native foremen who could talk English rush the government only paid ihcie people quarter ol a rupee equil lo rI lte70 J I ft rl about 7 United Stales centseach furs Uyi work of liom Un lo twelve line I r even that was conildercd uooil wages The value of an Indian rupee u 14 pence or about lo 98 cents of United hutn coin This low rite lab I lo be at cnbed to the present cheapness uf sil vet Snail as Ihe wages are In Ceylon Ihey ore much huuunr In India prayer According 10 olficlal repons there are keveral millions of people In southern India those annual eamlnge tahing tram etc slits full t slur do nol average aver-age per family I ol live more lhan tao or r tl rd 31 cents t per month lor each inditiduil I t qullo n little more than one cent her day Incredible us Dili Snap appear II I Ia I true although ulth belter time hi India at present pcrhapi two cent Ir tUy would be a sale average rate blxi cent a wiek is I enough to keep an In dun peasant rlo rl wife l one or tao children In comlorl but good aulhonuo slate t that there are eight million ol pen I I I kin India who cannot earn even this much I o inch a people I the plantIng Y or f wt tIt colony ol Ceylon where a person 1 male S or lemalr can earn 7 cents a slat li genuine 11 Dorado lot he can sale Irom hull to three quitters ol tha amount right along Ceylon the Utgett I mast populou and most Important 01011 I Ilntlsh crun i colonies One enthusiastic poet says It ha long Iwen CooluMd Inl mil Urlihtnl Ore 10 UIIln error d4m It in I believed Hal Ceylon out Vnou u In I ancient navigators as lor hack as II ha limeol Mng faolomon of whole Uph and Tarshnh many believe Ceylon lo uve formed a pArt Its J ewnsun d Us C ices were hmlhar to the Creek and humans who railed 1II 1 II II faprobane ando and-o the Arab traders uhuu first Introduced ne coffee plaot I It was also known to he Mohammedan world al large who 10 Slut nay regard Ihe island as the elysium ium prepared Loh I Adam rIldll to fer console them for she los ol Paradise Un the bails ol Ills story the reef running run-ning between tIne Island and India has been named Adam Ilrldce 1 while Ihe cfo bll viral coniplcuous and majestIc I though not the highest rnounlain In the island us been knowil ai Adams leak To the people of India In Ilint llurmesr toanreoe anuS Chinese Ceylon which U ailed Lanka the Krsplendent I was ijuilly an olject of Interest and admiration admir-ation and II U I admitted thai no Island In lie world rest Ilrltaln not except ed has altracieil attention author It u nony < inertnt countries u hall eylon ha-ll it alto averted Hut there II Is I nnlaoh j 1 thich can tell I so much f Its pair history not merely In longs and enends but i In I records which have been ver lied by monuments Inscriptions and coins Some of the structures In and I round theanclent capital of Ihe Sing ia ese the I mine hen to the natives uf Ceylon are more than > loo tears old I and only second lu those of I 1 gtpt I In astneMol client and architectural erest Ilelwecn SoI1 before Christ when Vnaya a prince Irons northern India Is I rail I to hate Invaded Ceylon conquered I tIre nuhhe rulers and made hlrmell I king and the IIIlddl 01 She peal IllS faUnu he last I king of Kandy a cruel 1b 1 mon sled was ileHMed and btnlshed I by rIle lillli ilrieiilnilialesc chronicles present he world wlm a list of nearly 170 kmx And iiucent the history of whole ad ilnisirallon is I of the asciI varied and iterestlng character and ll Indicates ha attainment of a degree of clvl Italian and material progress very unusual un-usual i1n the WI that lime Al tiiller enl limes hloghalae made luccesilul incursions into neighboring countries while at other limes they In turn were sobbed I by others once by the Chinese to whom they paid tribute for teara elJ lor dr i Ceylon was however exposed clnelly ha Incursions ol Malabar princes and Mi adventurers with their followers Irom outhein Indls who waged acomtanl and generally I luccestful coolest with the bitighalesc I fIre northern and I cash ten portions ol the Island at lenth became be-came wrmanently einlt the Tamil Ta-mil natives of soulhern India who laced a prince ol Ihelr own on this Kan dyn throne and so far had the onlent power of the klrgdom declined trill when the Portuguese first appeared in Ceylon In ijoj me Isljntl was divided under no less man seven sepsrate rulers For 150 years the Portuguese occupied and controlled the marlilmeor lower dIstricts ol Ceylon but ii was more ul a uhUry occupation than a tegular soy rnmcnl and martial law chlelly Ire ailed Under Porluguese rule some of the Inhabitants were convened lo Ihe Catholic lorm ul Christianity and royal onopolles in cinnamon pepper and musk were established and duty e > pored cardamonf sapan wood oreca auto ebony elephants Ivory gems learli etc The Dutch who by 1656 lad Anally ei 1Ued the Portuguese rulers Irom the Island pursued a far more progressive administrative I policy I hough rl their doing were elfish lo and or P restive In commercial mailer They kelhe lortuguesewcre confined lathe low country as the king uf Kandy deed de-ed all European Invaders Tine Dutch dId much develop cultivation and lo Improve the teOI transporlallon mostly through 1 Ihe coniliuctlon t of anal A lucrative commerce was established es-tablished ellis Holland and other coua Mrs the Protestant religion was Inlro uced and a number of other Improvements Improve-ments made Cinnamon cat Iha great taple of export next came pearl I ele lhf ot f IJe1 hints pepper ereca or betel nuts jag get sugar sapan wood and limber ken rally arrack snlnl choya roots cardamom wekr 1 mom etc The cultivation I ol collee and Indigo was begun but not carried onto on-to an extenl as lo benefit Ihe ex port portl11 < > ORb agriculture was promoted by he Uutch lot selfish pur oses good re ulted Ihcielrom us In rl tine cute of the planting I of cocoanut palms along the fI western coast Thus when Hie iTrliisli superceded ihe Dutch In 1796 ihe lelr rlce of the southwestern I shore for nearly lion miles presented an unbroken grove of palm which Is I seen 10 this 5roye FroStS 1790 to 1801 Cc > lon was jloC Irel g UI placed under tho Last India Companys loutrol who administered It 1 Irom Port SI George Madias but In 1801 It was nade a croon colony II soon became evident that there could be no setlleil peace until the II rani king on the Eon d abs throne I was deposed and Ihe 1 whole stand brought horn subjection r lo llrlllsli rule This was acccmphshcd In iSli whet AI tho IIIOIIKllolI ot hue Uindyjn duels and people themselves Ukk I rama Siruba the last king I was cap Ib eJ tured and deposed and exiled I by the llrltlsh lo southern India blnco thai time Great Ilrltaln has ruled Ceylon without any trouble Wneu the nrittsh look possession In 1744 the total number of Inhabitants un mu whole Island was estimated all lets than one million there are now over Ihrce millions Colombo had aboul JSDUO Inhabitants against 130000 at Hie present time Colombo of today has much to Interest Inter-est the Visitor among which may be inintloned Its fine artillclal harbor Us beautllul dittos Its lakes and river Us public muteuni the old Dutch church She bungalows aid 1 gardens of the Eu I ropeans etc bllll II more un que are the alr ICI crowel J native parts ol the lawn teeming teem-ing with every vsreiy ol oriental race and costume Uf the tlltlercrt races may be mentioned hl the I eliemlnite light c g I broom Singtulesethe I real nabiSCo of ibis land of wnom both men and women tie their I lulr I behind In knoll the former hutroluisinf t rounks and SIne I uttee ebb orate luiiplrn 1 Then Ihere are the t IIT darker soil more manly Tamils I Un ilo i of alnunt every caste und clriu Miornuniir Arab deicenJanli AUlu i Iradeis Malay policemen a few Iartec and Ciilnese Halhr mixed descendant besides 1 > urail ins ol Dutch or Pur Viirie or nkllh 1 and native uescenl Although the nuan temueu IIr i ol Colombo Is neatly us hIgh as thai of f any rd sfillun in lie I world as yet recorded y t Ihe climate Is calle I healthy and sale for I uropeani because ul I Ihr alight till 11 mire between n ihl and day and I be toennit tine so calle1 I eaiun u la whlcn I however nothing so kuistu there It be Ing one perpetual 1 summer varied on y rrvI by hue I loony rains I ul I lie nonso months May June Oc ober and Ni vcmber Ihere are about 4 ooo milt 01 road in Ceylon also about too miles of railway l miles ol tel tyuou telegraph Wile and 950 pool c Hi es Cei Ion proper I 111O olliar gfr II ahum 950 inius long from norm Si l solids Bud about uu I inllej broid IbIs widest parr It shape rs very much lhal Clan egg III Is nearly surrounded oy coral red Colombo ll dltlinl tfii miles from Bombay 600 Irom Murirai I 400 from Calcutta t 900 learn Ida noon i hlltrmolrl r 600 from blntiporr > you from Mauritius and about ti crane dislancn from Madagascar about 4 OJ < > from Natal jono from Hong Kong j000 Irom 1 lh I reemanlle or Western Aut iraha and aboul nato Irom i Aden Arabia Ceylon almost connected with the continent I of Asia India I by Ihe Island ol Rantlsserom and the coral reel called Adams bridge In extent It conrprires nearly sixteen million acres or 94701 square miles apart from cerliln depend rnt Islands Ihe total area Is about five sixth of that ol Ireland One sixth of this area or aboul 4coo square mile Is I comprUed of the hilly and mountainous I country which Is situated about She centre of the south ol Ike Uland while the maritime districts an generally level and the northern end ol hUe Inland Is broken up Into a nb narrow nar-row peninsula and small Inlets Within I Ihe central lone there are ISO mountain or Congests rying In height Irons 5mm So 7 ooo feel f with Sen peaks rising Iho lather limit The highest mountain li I Pidurutaugau which Is I 8996 lot boy the level ul the sea The summit ol Adanin Peak which hoe a long 1 lime J Fn was considered Ihe highest I point on the Island Is I 7 JSJ feel high To voyagers approaching Ihe coast the lit tech the must conspicuous mountain of Ce > Ion The longest river of Ihe Uland is I the Mahavellganga which has a course of nearly 150 mile I draining rearI I alraut one sixth of rear of the rl blaniT There are five other good sited rivers besides numerous tributaries and mailer streams The principal products of Ceylon are rice lea I collee cinnamon cocoanuls cardamom nutmeg clove pepier vanilla ginger bread dull sugar cant gumchocolile plantscacao cinchona cullon tobacco rubber tieei blue gum etc ll ll estimated that Ihereare 700000acres under lice or paddy al tile I present lime I and about J syarnunnderdry gram Indian I corn end olher cereal Ceylon rinnaman li I con sldered the finest In the world It was known Ihrough Arab uravsns lo Ihe humans who paid In home ho equlta lent of 40 per pound toe the fragrant spice Ceylon Is sometimes called memo llcl mo her ol cinnamon and Cinnamon Isle In 189 the export of cinnamon was as hurl as 9309 774 pound In bale and 593964 pounds In chip which was 6tt IfIIA raised I on about 35000 acres ul I Ian I The cultivation I ol palms Is I of tIme great II II est importance to the Island There are thirteen dinerenl kinds It 1 has been commonly remarked lhal the uses uf the cocoa nul palm are as numerous IS Ihe days ol the year Perclval a noled navigator relales lhal nary In Ihe prcient century a snail shin Irons the MaUite Islands I arrived I at GalleCeylon which was entirely built rigged provisioned and laden with the produce ol 1ie cocoa nul palm Food drink domestic Interest materials for buildIng build-Ing and thatching mine sugar and oil are among time many gift to man ot these munificent trees borne years ago Iho crew 01 a wrecked vessel caolav on a South Sea Island subilslnl lor several months on no other food Hun coconut and bolltU full and add < d to heir weight m that time The average value ol Ihe annual products of the coroi nul palm iron Ceylon Is i about 36001x0 while Ihe value of the pro dude locally consumed Is estimated at about eight million dollars There are perhaps thirty millions ot cocoa nul plnll > cultivated In Ceylon covering about 200000 acres all but about jqmu acres btlll 0 lied by She natives The annual 111 yield of nuts Is supposed hake jon millions The bread fruit tree the jak oranji and mango as well as gardens oh ilanlalns anJ pIneapples melon uavas papiws tic are also among ne products cultivated i and of great use 10 the people of Ceylon Ihere Is I scarcely a native land owner who does not possess a garden of palms or other fraIl t tree betides lice field I could write a great deal on Ceylon which I found one ol She moll nteresllng lilandi of Ihe sea which I have visited so lir on my million bUll I will slop rlghl here for ibe present I lound Ihe natives of Ceylon as In many OIlIer places copying the vice of the white man and enlarging upon lInen while they are closing nl tnelr eyes owl ears to liii virtues The native trader guide and other with whom the ltllor cornea Into contact are generally dis houl In Iha ullente Those who tell curios fruit etc will sometimes ask a thousand per cent more lor their goods than they are worth and unless A man makes a clear bargln with a guide or driver beforehand he Is sure to betaken be-taken In and have trouble besides No matter how much they are paid for their services they always beg for more In Far Moil ol this natives I are lluldhlils I and Mohammedans bul there Is oho a sprinkling ol Christians The eslcy OlIn commenced missionary r work In Colon ISIS the llaptists two years earlier The socillcd American mission mis-sion has also made 1 some efforts at 1 chrisllanlilng Ihe bland There are no Latter day balm vet vetANURBW UNION Scoa E lpt Africa June 6lh 186 |
